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61.
A simple method for a mini-preparation of fungal DNA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ken-ichiro Saitoh Kana Togashi Tsutomu Arie Tohru Teraoka 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(6):348-350
A simple method was established to prepare DNA from fungal mycelia cultured on an agar plate. The fungi tested successfully
with this method contained Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Oomycetes. This method did not require any time-consuming
steps to crush or digest mycelia or fractionation in a phenol–chloroform mixture. The DNA was easily extracted by immersing
and dispersing the mycelial plugs in a specific buffer (200 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 200 mM NaCl,
1% n-lauroylsarcosine, pH 8.0), then concentrated by ethanol precipitation. The total time to complete the whole procedure was
less than 1 h. The quality and quantity were sufficient for polymerase chain reaction amplification and Southern blot analysis. 相似文献
62.
Avian haemosporidian parasites infection in wild birds inhabiting Minami-daito Island of the Northwest Pacific, Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Murata K Nii R Yui S Sasaki E Ishikawa S Sato Y Matsui S Horie S Akatani K Takagi M Sawabe K Tsuda Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(5):501-503
Haemosporidian parasites infection among wild birds inhabiting Minami-daito Island was studied. Blood films from 183 birds representing 4 species of 4 families were examined microscopically. Avian haemosporidian parasites were detected in 3 species with an overall prevalence of 59.6%. None of the 30 Daito scops owls (Otus scops interpositus) examined were infected. Either Haemoproteus sp. or Plasmodium sp. infection was found in 14 of 31 (45.2%) Borodino islands white-eyes (Zosterops japonicus daitoensis). Plasmodium spp. were found in 94 of 102 (92.2%) bull-headed shrikes (Lanius bucephalus) and 1 of 20 (5%) tree sparrows (Passer montanus). 相似文献
63.
Kana Yamashita Yasuhiko Hirakawa Hiroshi Nakatani Motoyoshi Ikeda 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(1):1-7
The longitudinal shrinkage variations within trees and the relationship with density, microfibril angle, and modulus of elasticity
were examined for five sugi cultivars selected for different within-tree distributions of density, microfibril angle, and
modulus of elasticity. The cultivars showed significant differences in longitudinal shrinkage and in its within-tree distribution.
The within-tree distributions were categorized into two types: (1) large values of longitudinal shrinkage near the pith that
decreased with height and from pith to bark, (2) small values of longitudinal shrinkage near the pith that increased slightly
from pith to bark. There were strong relationships between longitudinal shrinkage and microfibril angle, and modulus of elasticity,
with large values of longitudinal shrinkage associated with large microfibril angle and low modulus of elasticity. Sugi exhibited
large variation in longitudinal shrinkage within stem and among cultivars, with the variation strongly affected by microfibril
angle.
Part of this article was presented at the 56th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Akita, Japan, August 2006 相似文献
64.
Kana Sato Takuya Wakai Yasunari Seita Akiko Takizawa Rafael A. Fissore Junya Ito Naomi Kashiwazaki 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(4):359-368
A sperm‐specific phospholipase C (PLC), PLCzeta (PLCζ), is thought to underlie the initiation of calcium ([Ca2+]i) oscillations that induce egg activation in mammals. In large domestic species, only bovine, porcine and recently equine PLCζ have been cloned, and the physiological functions of these molecules have not been fully characterized. Here, we evaluated the physiological functions of equine PLCζ (ePLCζ) in mouse oocytes. ePLCζ was cloned from testis using RT‐PCR. The expression of ePLCζ messenger RNA was confirmed in testis but not in other tissues. Microinjection of ePLCζ complementary RNA (cRNA) into mouse oocytes induced long‐lasting [Ca2+]i oscillations, and most of the injected oocytes formed pronuclei (PN). The injection of cRNAs encoding horse, mouse, human and cow PLCζ into mouse oocytes showed that ePLCζ had the highest [Ca2+]i oscillation‐inducing activity among the species tested. Mutation of D202R, which renders the protein inactive, abrogated the activity of ePLCζ. The nuclear translocation ability of ePLCζ was defective when expressed in mouse oocytes. Taken together, our findings show for the first time that ePLCζ has highest activity of the mammalian species studied to date. Our findings will be useful for the improvement of reproductive technologies in the horse. 相似文献
65.
Motoharu Oishi Keiji Kamijo Kana Iitani Reiichiro Sato Kazutaka Yamada Nobutsune Ichihara 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(3):333-344
The 12 left digits of the thoracic limb of Holstein female cows were obtained from a slaughterhouse, and 13 linear measurements of skeletal specimens of the digits of the thoracic limb were used in this study. Bivariate plots, regressions and correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationships between osteometric data and age, and between osteometric data and body size. The geometric mean (GM) of the metacarpal size was used as a proxy of body weight. The results of the regression analysis demonstrated that the length and the width of the distal phalanx were significantly correlated with age, whereas those of other bones were not. In addition, the correlations of the distal phalanx tended to be higher with age than with the GM of the metacarpal size, and their skeletal measurements tended to be longer in older animals than in younger animals. These findings suggest that the distal phalanx is slightly elongated and enlarged in its solear aspect with increasing age in skeletally mature cows. Moreover, although the side difference in the distal phalanx between the lateral and medial digits did not increase significantly with age, the solear aspect of the distal phalanx tended to be rougher, and deformation of the flexor tubercle tended to be more pronounced in the medial digit compared with the lateral digit. Therefore, in the distal phalanx of the front feet, the skeletal deformation with age and asymmetrical bone development might be related to the pathogenesis of claw horn lesions, as in the hind feet. 相似文献
66.
Kana Yamashita Yasuhiko Hirakawa Shuetsu Saito Hiroshi Nakatani Motoyoshi Ikeda Masamitsu Ohta 《Journal of Wood Science》2014,60(1):1-11
The effect of cross-sectional dimensions on bow and surface checking were investigated, using the boxed-heart square timber of two sugi cultivars with dimensions 80, 120, and 140 mm and length 1.9 m taken at two different heights above the ground. The smaller cross-sectional timber tended to have larger bow, less surface checking, and larger dimensional shrinkage. However, the drying defects were different between the cultivars and sampling heights, depending on the shrinkage properties of the juvenile wood and the heartwood proportion in the core part of the stem. The bow was larger in the smaller cross-sectional timber in which the longitudinal shrinkage was large in the juvenile wood. Surface checking was more prominent in larger cross-sectional timber containing sapwood in its outer part, which suggested the surface checking was induced by drying stress, owing to large moisture gradients between the heartwood and sapwood. The cross-dimensional shrinkage of the timber was larger in timber with larger tangential shrinkage. 相似文献
67.
This article reports the concentration and composition of the isomers of cis-icosenoic acid (20:1) in the fatty acids of various species of Japanese marine animals. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the distribution of a positional isomer, cis-7-20:1 (c7-20:1), in marine animals. Because this isomer overlaps with the c9-20:1 isomer in gas chromatography (GC) on the commonly used polar capillary columns, less information is available on its occurrence and distribution. In this study, the monounsaturated fatty acids isolated by argentation thin-layer chromatography were analyzed by GC using a highly polar capillary column, SLB-IL111 (100 m long), with the highest polarity among the commercially available GC columns. A clear separation between the c7-20:1 and c9-20:1 isomers enabled the analysis of all the isomers of 20:1 present in marine animals. The results confirmed that the c7 isomer was a minor component in the 20:1 in the pelagic fish, which is rich in the c9 and/or c11 isomers as reported previously. In contrast, the c7 isomer was one of the major isomers in flatfish, shellfish, crabs, and brittle stars. In these samples, the c13 isomer also occurred at higher concentrations rather than the c9 isomer. Because such a specific pattern of the 20:1 positional isomers was generally observed in both benthic fish and its dietary animals, the c7 isomer in the benthic fish probably originated from its diet. These marine animals are used as food in Japan, and therefore the c7-20:1 isomer is consumed by humans. 相似文献
68.
Naoyuki Matsunaga Shin-ichi Chisada Hideyuki Fujioka Kana Takashima Nozomu Okino Makoto Ito 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(4):583-590
Vibrios are highly motile, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and part of the normal
intestinal microflora of healthy fish, but some species can cause vibriosis. The adherence of vibrios to host fish intestines
is a significant event not only for their survival and growth, but also in terms of pathogenicity. However, the molecular
mechanism underlying the adhesion of vibrios to the intestinal tract of fish is not fully understood. We report here the identification
of intestinal glycosphingolipid (GSL) receptors to which pathogenic vibrios attach in typical mariculture fish. Thin-layer
chromatography overlay assays using five species of 35S-labeled vibrios and intestinal glycosphingolipids of seven species of mariculture fish revealed that all of the fish tested
possessed GM3 (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer) and/or GM4 (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-1′Cer) as major acidic intestinal GSLs and that all
of the vibrios tested specifically adhered to GM3 and/or GM4. Our results demonstrate that these GSLs were able to function
as a receptor for the various vibrios tested. Analysis of the relationship between sugar structure and receptor activity for
vibrios revealed that ‘NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-’ is required at the non-reducing end of glycosphingolipids for the bacteria to attach. 相似文献