Ghrelin, a novel motilin-related endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagouge receptor, is implicated in various biological functions, including regulation of female reproduction. But the presence of ghrelin and its role in reproductive functions in buffalo, a species with poor reproductive efficiency, is not known. In the present study full-length ghrelin cDNA was isolated from bubaline abomasum, which encodes the entire prepropeptide of 116 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of ghrelin of buffalo showed >95% and 31% identity with that of ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goat) and humans, respectively. Analysis of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions in the coding region of ghrelin indicated that these sequences of different species have been under purifying selection. The 3995-bp amplicon of ghrelin gene consisting of 4 exons and 3 introns was cloned with genomic DNA from buffalo. Further, ghrelin expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry in bubaline endometrial tissues at different stages of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Our results indicated the persistent expression of ghrelin mRNA and protein in the endometrium during stage I (day 3–5), stage II (day 6–15), and stage III (day 16–21) of the estrous cycle and also during early (∼day 30–40) pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR experiments indicated the relatively higher expression of ghrelin in the endometrium during stage II (day 6–15) of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy than during stage I (day 3–5) and stage III (day 16–21) of the estrous cycle, but no statistically significant difference in ghrelin expression was observed among stages. To conclude, the results of the present study indicate the persistent expression of ghrelin in the uterine endometrium throughout the estrous cycle and in early pregnancy which might be helpful in determining its role in buffalo reproduction. 相似文献
Self-incompatibility (SI), the cellular recognition system that limits inbreeding, has served as a paradigm for the study of cell-to-cell communication in plants since the phenomenon was first described by Darwin. Recent studies indicate that SI is achieved by diverse molecular mechanisms in different plant species. In the mustard family, the mechanism of SI shows parallels to the signaling systems found in animals that are mediated by cell-surface receptors with signal-transducing protein kinase activity. 相似文献
Hyperglycemia causes increased protein glycation and the formation of early glycation products and advanced glycation end
products (AGEs) which are major factors responsible for the complications associated with diabetes. The aim of the present
study was to investigate the antioxidant as well as antiglycative potential of ethyl acetate fraction of guava leaves. Oral
administration of the extract at different doses showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level. It also showed an improved
antioxidant potential as evidenced by decreased lipid peroxidation and a significant increase in the activity of various antioxidant
enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Glycated hemoglobin as well
as fructosamine which are indicators of glycation was also reduced significantly in treated groups when compared to diabetic
control. In vitro studies also support the antioxidant as well as antiglycative potential of guava leaves. 相似文献
In this study, using high-power low-frequency ultrasound, heated slurries with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were treated to enhance desorption of DDT from soils with high clay, silt, and organic matter content and different pH (5.6?C8.4). The results were compared with DDT extracted using a strong solvent combination as reference. Slurry ranges from 5 to 20 wt.% were studied. For a soil slurry (10 wt.%) at pH 6.9 with 0.1% v/v SDS surfactant heated to 40°C for 30 min, desorption was above 80% in 30 s using 20 kHz, 932 W/L ultrasonic intensity without solvent extraction. Other soils gave lower desorption efficiency in the range 40?C60% after 30 s ultrasonic treatment. The percentage of organic matter, dissolved organic carbon, soil surface area, clay and silt percentage, and soil pH level were the key parameters influencing variations in desorption of DDT in the three soils in similar experimental conditions. DDT dissolution in SDS and soil organic matter removal employing the ultrasonic-enhanced organic matter roll-up mechanism emerged as the two best possible methods of DDT desorption. The method offers a practical, potentially low-cost alternative to high volume, costly, hazardous solvent extraction of DDT. 相似文献
The culture supernatant of a strain of Bacillus subtilis isolated from soil samples killed larvae of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. The metabolites produced by B. subtilis were characterized using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mortality rate was dose-dependent for all larval instars of A. aegypti. Log probit analysis (95% confidence level) revealed an LC50 of 1.73 and an LC90 3.71 μg/ml. Molecular weights/masses of B. subtilis metabolites were confirmed using SDS–PAGE analysis. B. subtilis metabolites were confirmed using HPLC analysis. We demonstrate that secondary metabolites from B. subtilis have larvicidal activity against A. aegypti and may be suitable for the control of this and other mosquito vectors of human disease. The larvae to the metabolites, significant reduction in the activities of acetylcholinesterse, α-carboxylesterase, and acid phosphatases were recorded. 相似文献
Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of continuous application of herbicide on weed growth and yield of rice-rice-pulse cropping sequence over nine cropping seasons. The dominant weed species were Marselia quadrifolia, Echinochloa crus-galli, Cyperus difformis and Monochoria vaginalis. In hand weeded plots M. quadrifolia and the annual grass E. crus-galli were dominant in the early crops; E. crus-galli dominated in the later crops, with a shift to M. vaginalis in dicots. Annual application of herbicides caused a population shift from dicots to monocots, particularly grasses. Among grasses, Leptochloa chinensis , a difficult weed to control replaced dicots and reduced E. crus-galli. Combined chemical treatment and manual weeding as well as manual weeding controlled the weed growth and maintained the yield of rice throughout the period of study. 相似文献
The cover image is based on the Research Article The novel pyridazine pyrazolecarboxamide insecticide dimpropyridaz inhibits chordotonal organ function upstream of TRPV channels by Christian Spalthoff et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7352
