The prevalence of Dermatophilus congolensis in horses with pastern dermatitis using PCR to diagnose infection in a population of horses in southern USA          下载免费PDF全文

Erin E. Aufox  Linda A. Frank  Elizabeth R. May  Stephen A. Kania 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(5):435-e144

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大肠杆菌0157的分离鉴定     

李泰万  骆德海  陈小健  张晓东  陈强  邹文娟 《中国兽医杂志》1998,24(8):9-10

0157为大肠杆菌的一种血清型,该血清型于1982年首次被鉴定为人发生该病的病因[1],在此之前这种血清型很少分离到.这种血清型归类为肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC),可以引起血痢和产生强毒素.据有关文献介绍,在采集的牛肉、猪肉和禽肉产品检测后曾有0157大肠杆菌的阳性报道.  相似文献   

Transmission studies of Hendra virus (equine morbilli-virus) in fruit bats, horses and cats     

MM WILLIAMSON  PT HOOPER  PW SELLECK  LJ GLEESON  PW DANIELS  HA WESTBURY  PK MURRAY 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(12):813-818

Objective To determine the infectivity and transmissibility of Hendra virus (HeV). Design A disease transmission study using fruit bats, horses and cats. Procedure Eight grey-headed fruit bats (Pteropus poliocephalus) were inoculated and housed in contact with three uninfected bats and two uninfected horses. In a second exper iment, four horses were inoculated by subcutaneous injection and intranasal inoculation and housed in contact with three uninfected horses and six uninfected cats. In a third experi ment, 12 cats were inoculated and housed in contact with three uninfected horses. Two surviving horses were inoculated at the conclusion of the third experiment: the first orally and the second by nasal swabbing. All animals were necropsied and examined by gross and microscopic pathological methods, immunoperoxidase to detect viral antigen in formalin-fixed tissues, virus isolation was attempted on tissues and SNT and ELISA methods were used to detect HeV-specific antibody. Results Clinical disease was not observed in the fruit bats, although six of eight inoculated bats developed antibody against HeV, and two of six developed vascular lesions which contained viral antigen. The in-contact bats and horses did not seroconvert. Three of four horses that were inoculated devel oped acute disease, but in-contact horses and cats were not infected. In the third experiment, one of three in-contact horses contracted disease. At the time of necropsy, high titres of HeV were detected in the kidneys of six acutely infected horses, in the urine of four horses and the mouth of two, but not in the nasal cavities or tracheas. Conclusions Grey-headed fruit bats seroconvert and develop subclinical disease when inoculated with HeV. Horses can be infected by oronasal routes and can excrete HeV in urine and saliva. It is possible to transmit HeV from cats to horses. Transmission from P poliocephalus t o horses could not be proven and neither could transmission from horses to horses or horses to cats. Under the experimental conditions of the study the virus is not highly contagious.  相似文献   

Further evidence that zinc sulphate compromises the efficacy of dipping treatments using diazinon to control sheep lice (Bovicola ovis)     

ARB HIGGS  PW MORCOMBE  RA LOVE  GE YOUNG 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(1):44-49

Objective To compare the wettability and efficacy of diazinon dip wash made with and without the addition of zinc sulphate.
Design Field experiments using a shower and a plunge dip complemented by in-vitro wettability experiments.
Procedure A flock of infested sheep was divided into groups and treated in a shower dip with clear or cloudy dam water plus up to 1.5% zinc sulphate. Another infested line of sheep was treated using a plunge dip with nil or 1% zinc sulphate. In both experiments, wetting was assessed after dipping and louse counts were conducted for 9 months after treatment. Five in-vitro experiments compared the wettability of dip wash containing diazinon with up to 1.5% zinc sulphate added.
Results In the shower dipping experiment, live lice were found at 1 month after dipping in the cloudy water groups with 0.75%, 1.0% and 1.5% zinc sulphate and at 2 months in the 0.75% zinc sulphate group. No lice were found at subsequent inspections or at any time in the groups that were plunge dipped. Zinc sulphate decreased the amount of dip wash retained by wool staples in all in-vitro experiments (P < 0.05).
Conclusion Zinc sulphate should be considered as a risk factor that could cause failure to eradicate a lice infestation. The risk can be overcome by ensuring that all sheep are saturated at dipping and that the dip wash, and any holding tanks, are agitated throughout the dipping event.  相似文献   

Evaluation of antibodies against feline coronavirus 7b protein for diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis in cats     

Kennedy MA  Abd-Eldaim M  Zika SE  Mankin JM  Kania SA 《American journal of veterinary research》2008,69(9):1179-1182

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether expression of feline coronavirus (FCoV) 7b protein, as indicated by the presence of specific serum antibodies, consistently correlated with occurrence of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in cats. SAMPLE POPULATION: 95 serum samples submitted for various diagnostic assays and 20 samples from specific-pathogen-free cats tested as negative control samples. PROCEDURES: The 7b gene from a virulent strain of FCoV was cloned into a protein expression vector. The resultant recombinant protein was produced and used in antibody detection assays via western blot analysis of serum samples. Results were compared with those of an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for FCoV-specific antibody and correlated with health status. RESULTS: Healthy IFA-seronegative cats were seronegative for antibodies against the 7b protein. Some healthy cats with detectable FCoV-specific antibodies as determined via IFA were seronegative for antibodies against the 7b protein. Serum from cats with FIP had antibodies against the 7b protein, including cats with negative results via conventional IFA. However, some healthy cats, as well as cats with conditions other than FIP that were seropositive to FCoV via IFA, were also seropositive for the 7b protein. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Expression of the 7b protein, as indicated by detection of antibodies against the protein, was found in most FCoV-infected cats. Seropositivity for this protein was not specific for the FCoV virulent biotype or a diagnosis of FIP.  相似文献   

Detection of serum adiponectin in the cat, bear, and horse using antibody from a commercial ELISA kit     

A. L. Lusby  S. A. Kania  M. Abd-Eldaim  J. W. Bartges  C. A. Kirk 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(2):220-221

Adiponectin is a hormone secreted from adipose tissue that closely associates with insulin resistance. In contrast to other adipokines, adiponectin levels decrease as fat mass increases. The ability to measure adiponectin in veterinary species will allow researchers to assess hormone function and may lead to improved screening tests and treatments for insulin resistance and type II diabetes. A commercial ELISA kit (B-bridge International) is available for adiponectin quantification in mice and rats. To test this assay's ability to bind adiponectin in several veterinary species known to develop insulin resistance with obesity, we conducted a Western blot analysis comparing mouse, cat, bear, and horse serum using the antibody provided with the assay. The proteins were subjected to denaturing SDS-PAGE and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. Blocking was performed in 5% milk solution. The membrane was then incubated with the rabbit anti-mouse adiponectin antibody provided with the ELISA kit, followed by incubation with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG. Detection of bound antibody was performed using enhanced chemoluminescence. Bands corresponding to the adiponectin monomer (30 kDa) were apparent for each sample tested. Therefore, the antibody provided in the ELISA kit appears to bind with adiponectin in all species tested. Our laboratory has previously validated the ELISA mouse/rat adiponectin kit for use in cats. High DNA homology across species and strong antibody binding at the 30 kDa site warrant validation of the kit's accuracy in other species at risk for insulin resistance (eg. horses and bears).  相似文献   

Resistance to synthetic pyrethroid pour-on insecticides in strains of the sheep body louse Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis     

PW JOHNSON  JC BORAY  KL DAWSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(9):213-217

Groups of sheep infested with strains of Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis were obtained from flocks either with a history of failure to control lice with synthetic pyrethroid (SP) pour-on insecticides, or from farms where SP compounds were not used. The sheep were treated according to the manufacturer's recommendations with registered "off-shears" SP formulations. All treatments were applied under ideal conditions with doses calculated on an individual body weight basis and applied to the dorsal mid-line from the base of the neck to the butt of the tail. Treated sheep were kept in pens and maintained in separate groups. The pour-on SP treatments significantly reduced the lice population but failed to eliminate the infestation in 7 of 13 experiments in sheep carrying strains of lice with resistance factors of greater than 4 to at least one of the SP compounds. Failures occurred with all three of the SP pour-ons currently registered for lice control in NSW and with both water-based and organic solvent-based formulations.  相似文献   

Prevalence of oxacillin- and multidrug-resistant staphylococci in clinical samples from dogs: 1,772 samples (2001-2005)     

Jones RD  Kania SA  Rohrbach BW  Frank LA  Bemis DA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(2):221-227

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether resistance to oxacillin and other antimicrobials in 3 Staphylococcus spp commonly isolated from dogs increased from 2001 to 2005. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SAMPLE POPULATION: 1,772 clinical samples of various types obtained from dogs examined at the University of Tennessee Veterinary Teaching Hospital or at regional veterinary hospitals and submitted to the bacteriology and mycology laboratories associated with the teaching hospital. PROCEDURES: Samples were submitted by attending veterinarians to the bacteriology and mycology laboratories for routine aerobic microbial culture. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility procedures were performed on all isolates. Susceptibility reports for each antimicrobial and Staphylococcus spp were determined from aggregate electronically archived test results. Oxacillin and multidrug resistance for Staphylococcus intermedius was analyzed by reviewing disk diffusion zone measurements. RESULTS: Oxacillin resistance increased among S. intermedius isolates during the past 5 years, and the increase was associated with multidrug resistance. In 2005, 1 in 5 Staphylococcus spp isolates from canine clinical samples was resistant to oxacillin. The most common staphylococcal species isolated were S. intermedius (n = 37), Staphylococcus schleiferi (21), and Staphylococcus aureus (4), and frequencies of oxacillin resistance in isolates of these species were 15.6%, 46.6%, and 23.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Veterinarians should be aware of the potential for empiric drug treatment failures in instances where Staphylococcus spp infections are common (eg, pyoderma). Judicious use of bacterial culture and susceptibility testing is recommended.  相似文献   

Serial evaluation of neutrophil function in tumour‐bearing dogs undergoing chemotherapy          下载免费PDF全文

A. K. LeBlanc  C. J. LeBlanc  B. W. Rohrbach  S. A. Kania 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2015,13(1):20-27

We hypothesized that neutrophil function in tumour‐bearing dogs is negatively impacted by chemotherapy. Flow cytometric techniques were used to assess neutrophil oxidative burst and phagocytic activities at baseline, 7 and 21 days after induction chemotherapy in 20 dogs with lymphoma. Dogs had a lower percentage of neutrophils exhibiting oxidative burst activity after stimulation with Escherichia coli (day 7; P = 0.009) and phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) (days 7 and 21; P = 0.0003 and P = 0.01, respectively), compared with healthy controls. From day 0 to 7, the percentage of neutrophils exhibiting oxidative burst activity decreased after stimulation with E. coli (P = 0.016) and PMA (P = 0.0006). Induction chemotherapy suppresses the percentage of neutrophils capable of oxidative burst in dogs with lymphoma, with improvement in phagocytic activity over time (P = 0.03). The impact of neutrophil dysfunction on incidence and severity of sepsis in dogs receiving chemotherapy should be investigated.  相似文献   

Evaluation of peripheral blood neutrophil function in tumor‐bearing dogs     

Casey J. LeBlanc  Amy K. LeBlanc  Meredith M. Jones  Joseph W. Bartges  Stephen A. Kania 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(2):157-163

Background: Peripheral blood neutrophils of untreated human cancer patients have been shown to have normal, increased, and decreased phagocytic activity, killing capacity, and/or oxidative burst activities. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate oxidative burst and phagocytic activities of peripheral blood neutrophils from tumor‐bearing dogs before therapy and compare them with neutrophil function of healthy control dogs. Methods: Heparinized whole blood was obtained from dogs with high‐grade lymphoma (n=23), sarcoma (n=13), or carcinoma (n=11), and healthy control dogs (n=11) for flow cytometric evaluation of oxidative burst and phagocytic activities. Percentage of bursting cells and amount of oxidative burst activity were determined after stimulation with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) or Escherichia coli. Percentage of phagocytic cells and amount of phagocytic activity were determined after incubation with fluorescent E. coli. Results: Compared with control dogs, dogs with sarcoma (P=.004) and carcinoma (P=.05) had a lower percentage of neutrophils exhibiting oxidative burst activity after stimulation with PMA. Phagocytic activity was significantly lower in dogs with sarcomas compared with control dogs (P<.0001) and dogs with lymphoma (P=.01). Conclusions: Untreated carcinomas and sarcomas in dogs may suppress the percentage of neutrophils capable of oxidative burst when stimulated by PMA. Furthermore, sarcomas also may suppress the amount of phagocytic activity per neutrophil. Until further studies can be performed, the clinical significance of these findings is unknown.  相似文献