新城疫的诊断、控制和预防   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Kannan Ganapathy 《中国家禽》2009,31(11)

新城疫于1926年首先发现于印度尼西亚的爪哇和英国的新城,由Doyle分离到病毒并将之命名为新城疫.目前,世界上很多国家都有新城疫的发生,给养禽业造成了严重危害.  相似文献   

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of suspected neuropathic pain in three dogs     

RG Cashmore  TR Harcourt-Brown  PM Freeman  ND Jeffery  N Granger 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(1-2):45-50

Three dogs were referred to The Queen's Veterinary School Hospital at University of Cambridge for chronic behavioural or locomotor disorders associated with pain. All three had been unsuccessfully treated with conventional analgesics, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids and opiate agonists, prior to referral, with minimal or no response. They were investigated by neurological examination plus conventional ancillary diagnostic tests and therapeutic drug trials. Ruling out other causes of pain and applying previously well-described criteria, each case was diagnosed as consistent with neuropathic pain, a poorly recognised condition in domestic dogs. Treatment with the tricyclic antidepressant drug, amitriptyline, or the antiepileptic drug, gabapentin, resulted in either a dramatic improvement or full resolution of clinical signs in all cases.  相似文献   

Differences in iron stress response and iron uptake in some sorghum varieties     

Seshadri Kannan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):347-358

Six sorghum (Sorghum vulqaris Pers.,) varieties representing male and female lines and hybrids were examined for their response to Fe‐stress, and their ability to absorb and transport Fe in the absence and presence of phosphate or CaCO,. It was found that the variety 2077‐A (male sterile female line) and the variety CSH‐5 (hybrid of 2077‐A r CS‐3541) showed distinct mechanism to tolerate and recover completely from chlorosis induced by Fe‐stress in 10 days. Furthermore, these 2 varieties were able to reduce the pH from 6.4 to 3.8 in about 9 days, and this was increased to about 6.2 in another 6 days, which period corresponded with the onset of chlorosis and subsequent recovery. The variety 2219‐A (male‐sterile female line) was also able to withstand Fe‐stress, although the chlorosis appeared only mild throughout. This variety also reduced pH from 6.4 to 4.5, but only after 14 days in the presence of CaCO₃ (8 mg/1), and this time corresponded to the period of complete recovery from chlorosis.

There appears to be no correlation between Fe uptake capacity and tolerance to Fe‐stress in these varieties. The presence of phosphate or CaCO₃ in the absorption medium was found to increase Fe absorption and transport in a few varieties.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of foliar uptake of plant nutrients: Accomplishments and prospects     

Seshadri Kannan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(6):717-735

It has been established that the plant leaves and other above‐ground parts are capable of absorbing chemicals and nutrients. However, there is great paucity of information regarding the mechanisms of ion uptake by leaves and their transport to other parts. Equally not well understood is the phenomenon of retranslocation of elements from one leaf to another during the different stages of plant growth. The results of investigations carried out in this area of foliar uptake and translocation in the last few years are described. In this review, the importance of future studies to investigate the mechanisms involved in foliar transport, the influence of plant growth substances, and the effectiveness of timely supply of specific nutrients during the grain development stage, is stressed.  相似文献   

Inadaptive changes in pH with Zn‐stress tolerance in some cultivars of cotton and peanut     

Saradha Ramani  Seshadri Kannan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):207-217

The effects of Zn‐stress on pH of the nutrient medium and the occurrence of Zn deficiency symptoms were examined in 12 cotton and 10 peanut cultivars widely grown in several parts of India. It was found that many of the cotton cultivars were able to reduce the pH, but however unable to recover from Zn deficiency. In contrast, all the peanut cultivars tested did not develop Zn‐chlorosis when subjected to Zn‐stress, although the pH reduction was less significant. The study with these crop cultivars revealed that Zn‐stress tolerance response was not related to pH changes in general. The mechanism by which the peanut cultivars made Zn available and thus averted the onset of Zn‐chlorosis was therefore not adaptive to the changes in pH. This feature appeared to be different from the pattern of correlative pH reduction and recovery from Fe‐chlorosis observed in several Fe‐stress tolerant crop cultivars.  相似文献   

Zinc‐stress response in some sorghum hybrids and parent cultivars: Significance of pH reduction and recovery from chlorosis     

Seshadri Kannan  Saradha Ramani 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):219-227

Zinc deficiency was induced in two sorghum hybrids and their parent cultivars by growing them in complete nutrient medium for 30 days and then transferring to minus zinc medium at pH 6.4. The onset of Zn chlorosis and recovery as well as the change in the pH of the nutrient medium under Zn‐stress conditions were recorded. It was found that chlorotic symptoms due to Zn deficiency appeared after 2 days of stress and persisted for a long period in the cultivars, 36‐A and 168, while the hybrid CSH‐7 (36‐A X 168) recovered from chlorosis after 12 days. The hybrid CSH‐8 (36‐A X PD‐3) was chlorotic after 2 days, but recovered after 15 days.

A significant hybrid vigor was observed for Zn‐stress tolerance in the hybrid CSH‐7 and CSH‐8.  相似文献   

An examination of zinc uptake patterns by cultivars of sorghum and maize : Differences amongst hybrids and their parents     

Saradha Ramani  Seshadri Kannan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):1199-1210

Zinc absorption and transport patterns were examined in sorghum and maize hybrids and their parent cultivars with a view to observe, if any, and relate the differences amongst them meaningfully to traits like hybrid vigor. Short term uptake by excised roots or intact seedlings, from different concentrations of ZnCl₂ or ZnEDDHA and also, time course from 50 μM ZnCl₂, were measured. The results showed significant differences in the Zn absorption patterns by excised roots of sorghum cultivars. The rate of Zn transport to shoot in CSH‐8 was found to be higher than in others. The amount of Zn transported from ZnEDDHA was also more than that from ZnCl₂ in all sorghum cultivars. Furthermore, significant hybrid vigor was observed in Zn transport from ZnEDDHA for the two hybrids CSH‐7 and CSH‐8. The resemblance of absorption and transport patterns of Zn in CSH‐8 to those of 36‐A strongly suggests that the trait is inherited from the female parent.

No heterosis was observed in the absorption and transport of Zn in maize hybrids. However, a linear and an exponential isotherms for Zn transport in Ganga‐5 and Ganga‐2 hybrids indicates some hybrid vigor.  相似文献   

Sericea lespedeza hay as a natural deworming agent against gastrointestinal nematode infection in goats     

Shaik SA  Terrill TH  Miller JE  Kouakou B  Kannan G  Kaplan RM  Burke JM  Mosjidis JA 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,139(1-3):150-157

Infection with gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN), particularly Haemonchus contortus, is the biggest constraint to profitable goat production in the United States (US). Due to widespread prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in goat GIN, alternative, non-chemical control methodologies are needed to increase profitability of small ruminant industries. A study was designed to test the efficacy of a high condensed tannin (CT) legume, sericea lespedeza [SL, Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.-Cours. G. Don)] against GIN of goats fed in confinement. The goats were given a trickle infection of 500 H. contortus larvae/animal three times per week during the trial to simulate natural infection. Twenty Boer bucks (6-8 months old) were fed bermudagrass [BG, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] hay plus concentrate for 5 weeks in confinement and then 10 animals were switched to SL hay for an additional 7 weeks. Throughout the trial, feces and blood were collected weekly from individual animals to determine fecal egg count (FEC) and blood packed cell volume (PCV). Fecal cultures were made weekly from pooled samples to determine treatment effects on GIN larval development. All goats were slaughtered at the end of the trial, with adult worms in the abomasum and small intestine of each goat recovered, counted, and identified to species. Feeding SL hay to goats significantly (P<0.01) reduced FEC and increased PCV compared with BG hay. In addition, a lower percentage of ova in feces from SL-fed goats developed into infective (L3) larvae. There was a direct effect of SL hay on adult worms, with significantly (P<0.01) lower numbers of both abomasal (H. contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta) and small intestinal (Trichostrongylus colubriformis) nematodes compared with goats fed BG hay. Feeding SL hay to goats is an effective means of controlling parasitic nematodes and may be a potential supplement/replacement for chemical anthelmintics.  相似文献   

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Pre-antral Follicle Population and Ultrastructural Characterization of Antral Follicle Oocyte     

RG Mondadori  TR Santin  AAG Fidelis  EP Porfírio  SN Báo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(1):33-37

The main objectives of the present study were to determine the ultrastructural modifications occurring in the oocyte during late folliculogenesis and to estimate pre-antral follicle population in buffalo. Half the collected ovaries were fixed and prepared for optic microscopy; the antral follicles from the other ovaries were measured and individually punctured. The cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were processed for transmission electron microscopy. The number of pre-antral follicles in buffalo ovaries was estimated at 19 819 structures. Cumulus–oocyte complexes derived from 1-mm antral follicle had an eccentrical nucleus and compact corona radiata , ooplasm vilosities were fully embedded in zona pellucida (ZP) and a well-defined junction could be observed. Mitochondria were predominantly round and well distributed in ooplasm, as were small lipid vacuoles. In COCs derived from 2-mm antral follicles, the initial formation of perivitelline space was observed. The nucleus was peripherally located and the number of pleomorphic mitochondria increased. Cortical granules were clustered at oocyte periphery and lipid vacuoles increased in number and size. In COCs derived from 6-mm antral follicles, the organelles were located mainly in the perinuclear region. Golgi complexes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) were more developed. Mitochondria migrated to the cortical region and lipid vacuoles migrated to the medullar region. In COCs derived from 10-mm antral follicles, the lipid vacuoles coalesced and occupied the medullar region of the oocyte, together with a well-developed SER. Mitochondria were pleomorphic and located at the oocyte periphery. In conclusion, the morphological differences described in this paper could be responsible for some functional differences observed in in vitro embryo production and follicular dynamics for buffalo, when compared with cattle.  相似文献   

Lasiodiplodia theobromae causes a damaging dieback of cocoa in India     

C. Kannan  M. Karthik  K. Priya 《Plant pathology》2010,59(2):410-410

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