Immunohistochemical detection of polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation markers in acetaminophen-induced liver injury in rats     

Sun J  Sugiyama A  Hisaka S  Kato Y  Takeuchi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(2):141-147

To clarfity whether polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation is involved in the mechanism of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced apoptotic cell death, the production and localization of PUFA oxidation markers N(ε)-propanoyl-modified lysine, N(ε)-hexanoyl-modified lysine, 4-hydroxyhexenal-modified histidine and crotonaldehyde-modified lysine were evaluated in the development of APAP-induced liver injury. The immunoexpression of these markers in the liver was examined up to 24 hr post-APAP intraperitoneal injection in rats (1 g/kg body weight). The histopathological changes in the liver appeared 3 hr after APAP injection and became exacerbated with time. Proapoptotic protein Bax immunoreactivity was first detected in the degenerative hepatocytes 3 hr after the injection and areas positively immunostained for Bax reached a peak level at 6 hr, and then decreased at 12 and 24 hr. There was a significant increase in the TUNEL-positive rate at 12 and 24 hr. Immunohistological expression of all these oxidation markers was first detected in the degenerative hepatocytes 3 hr after the injection, and earlier than the occurrence of hepatocyte apoptosis. Immunohistochemical expression of these markers were observed in almost all degenerative hepatocytes 3-24 hr after APAP injection. Areas positively immunostained for these markers reached a peak level at 6 hr, and then decreased at 12 and 24 hr. The results thus suggest that the generation of PUFA oxidation markers may be the signature of early events preceding the induction of liver cell apoptosis and thus useful for early detection of oxidative stress-related liver cell injury.  相似文献   

Proliferation capacity, neuronal differentiation potency and microstructures after the differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells into neurons     

Edamura K  Kuriyama K  Kato K  Nakano R  Teshima K  Asano K  Sato T  Tanaka S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(7):923-927

We examined the proliferation capacity and neuronal differentiation potency of canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). In addition, the microstructures of neuron-like cells after neuronal differentiation were observed under a scanning electron microscope. Canine BMSCs grew to confluency at 10.0 ± 2.5 days, and 3.8 ± 2.1 × 10(6) BMSCs were collected in one passage. Approximately 65% of canine BMSCs changed to neuron-like morphology after neuronal differentiation, and nearly all neuron-like cells stained positive against neuron-specific enolase. In addition, microstructures such as the cellular organelles, filaments and growth cones of these cells bore a close resemblance to those of the original mature neurons. These results suggested that canine BMSCs might be capable of differentiating into neurons.  相似文献   

Mitigation of pyrexia by a Th-1-biased IgG subclass response after infection with equine herpesvirus type 1 in horses pre-immunized with inactivated vaccine     

Bannai H  Tsujimura K  Kondo T  Nemoto M  Yamanaka T  Sugiura T  Kato T  Maeda K  Matsumura T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(6):791-795

The immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass response was investigated in horses with or without pyrexia after natural infection with equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) in the field. All horses were kept at the training centers of the Japan Racing Association and were immunized with an inactivated EHV-1 vaccine before EHV-1 infection. An IgG subclass response dominated by IgGa and IgGb was induced in horses without pyrexia after EHV-1 infection. In contrast, horses that developed pyrexia showed increased IgGc and IgG (T) subclass production in addition to IgGa and IgGb. Although inactivated EHV-1 vaccines are considered to induce a mainly Th-2-biased response, these results indicated that the responses in horses inoculated with inactivated EHV-1 vaccine were not uniform, and that horses with a Th-1-biased response were likely to be protected from pyrexia.  相似文献   

Ventrocaudal cystorrhaphy without urethral sphincterotomy in two broodmares     

T. Higuchi  S. Inoue  M. Satoh  T. Kato  Y. Yuasa 《Equine Veterinary Education》2012,24(10):513-516

Two broodmares were diagnosed with rupture of the urinary bladder. One mare revealed abnormalities post partum and the other associated with ante partum uterine torsion. The clinical symptoms included mild abdominal pain, anorexia, decreased urinary volume and increased peritoneal fluid. In one mare, based on the creatinine level of the peritoneal fluid and serum biochemical abnormalities, uroperitoneum was diagnosed. In the other mare, the bladder rupture was found during the celiotomy for surgical repair of uterine torsion that was diagnosed upon rectal examination. Surgery was performed without a urethral sphincterotomy. The vaginal floor was incised in a standing position and the bladder was diverted into the vagina in order to suture the tears located in the ventrocaudal aspect of the bladder. Both mares survived after treatment for uraemia. Bladder rupture, although uncommon, may affect peripartum mares. Approach to the ruptured bladder without urethral sphincterotomy in a standing position should be considered as a choice for surgical repair.  相似文献   

The W‐ and Z‐linked EE0.6 sequences used for molecular sexing of captive Japanese crested ibis on Sado Island     

Kaori KASUGA  Maho HIGASHI  Takahisa YAMADA  Toshie SUGIYAMA  Yukio TANIGUCHI  Hiroaki IWAISAKI  Kosuke HOMMA  Yuuichi WAJIKI  Yoshinori KANEKO  Satoshi YAMAGISHI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(1):83-87

The Japanese crested ibis Nipponia nippon is a critically threatened bird. Accurate sexing is necessary to perform effective management of captive breeding toward a national project for a tentative release of the Japanese crested ibis on Sado Island. A PCR‐based sexing method targeting a 0.6 kb EcoRI fragment (EE0.6) sequence on W chromosome with AWS03 and USP3 primers has been developed for the Japanese crested ibis. However, the primers were selected from the EE0.6 sequences from bird species other than the Japanese crested ibis. In this study, we determined the W‐ and Z‐linked EE0.6 sequences in the Japanese crested ibis, and clarified Japanese crested ibis sequence mismatch in the binding sites of the primers. Further, we found no polymorphism in the primer binding sites among five founder birds for the Sado captive Japanese crested ibis population. These findings validated the PCR‐based sexing method with the AWS03 and USP3 as accurate molecular sexing methods of captive Japanese crested ibis on the Sado Island. Additionally, we designed a primer set for a novel PCR‐based sexing, based on the EE0.6 sequences obtained in this study. This novel sexing method may be useful for future ecological research following the release of Japanese crested ibis on Sado Island. This is the first report to show the EE0.6 sequences in Japanese crested ibis.  相似文献   

In vivo gene transfer into skeletal muscle of neonatal chicks by electroporation     

Daichi IJIRI  Akito SAEGUSA  Tomoko MATSUBARA  Yukio KANAI  Miho HIRABAYASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(6):504-509

Chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) show considerable growth of skeletal muscle during the neonatal period. The in vivo gene transfer method is useful for studying gene function and can be employed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle growth in chicks. We evaluated the following conditions for gene transfer to the skeletal muscle of neonatal chicks by electroporation: (i) voltage; (ii) age of the chick; (iii) plasmid DNA injected amount; and (iv) duration of gene expression. The results obtained from this study indicate that the most efficient gene transfer condition was as follows: 75 µg of plasmid DNA encoding β‐galactosidase was injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of chicks at 4 days of age electroporated at 50 V/cm. In addition, peak transferred gene expression was observed from 3 days to 5 days after electroporation. Our results provide optimal electroporation conditions for elucidating the gene function related to skeletal muscle growth and development in neonatal chicks.  相似文献   

Seasonal and interannual variation in net ecosystem production of an evergreen needleleaf forest in Japan     

Yasuko Mizoguchi  Yoshikazu Ohtani  Satoru Takanashi  Hiroki Iwata  Yukio Yasuda  Yuichiro Nakai 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(3):283-295

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) flux was measured above the forest at the Fujiyoshida site on the northern slope of Mount Fuji in Japan in 2000?C2008 using an eddy covariance technique. The forest mainly consists of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora) and Japanese holly (Ilex pedunculosa). The 9-year average of monthly mean net ecosystem production (NEP) ranged from ?0.1?g?C?m^?2?day^?1 in January to 2.5?g?C?m^?2?day^?1 in May. The maximum net uptake was observed in May, although gross primary production (GPP) was highest in July. Variation in the leaf amount did not notably affect seasonal variation in GPP. This site was characterized by carbon uptake even in winter, if the meteorological conditions were conducive for photosynthesis and a resulting long period of carbon uptake. The 9-year averages of annual NEP, GPP, and ecosystem respiration (RE) were 388, 1,802, and 1,413?g?C?m^?2?year^?1, respectively. The annual NEP was lowest in 2003 and highest in 2004 over the 9?years. Year-to-year variability of NEP mainly depended on air temperature and photosynthetically active radiation in summer, and the dependence of the deviation of annual NEP on that of GPP was greater than that of RE. Long-term observational data indicated that the carbon uptake ability at the study site was at a moderate level in comparison with other temperate humid evergreen forests around the world. These data also indicated that the site had a high carbon uptake ability compared with other deciduous forests in Japan because of the duration of carbon uptake.  相似文献   

Distribution of photoperiod-insensitive allele Ppd-A1a and its effect on heading time in Japanese wheat cultivars     

Masako Seki  Makiko Chono  Tsutomu Nishimura  Mikako Sato  Yasuhiro Yoshimura  Hitoshi Matsunaka  Masaya Fujita  Shunsuke Oda  Katashi Kubo  Chikako Kiribuchi-Otobe  Hisayo Kojima  Hidetaka Nishida  Kenji Kato 《Breeding Science》2013,63(3):309-316

The Ppd-A1 genotype of 240 Japanese wheat cultivars and 40 foreign cultivars was determined using a PCR-based method. Among Japanese cultivars, only 12 cultivars, all of which were Hokkaido winter wheat, carried the Ppd-A1a allele, while this allele was not found in Hokkaido spring wheat cultivars or Tohoku-Kyushu cultivars. Cultivars with a photoperiod-insensitive allele headed 6.9–9.8 days earlier in Kanto and 2.5 days earlier in Hokkaido than photoperiod-sensitive cultivars. The lower effect of photoperiod-insensitive alleles observed in Hokkaido could be due to the longer day-length at the spike formation stage compared with that in Kanto. Pedigree analysis showed that ‘Purple Straw’ and ‘Tohoku 118’ were donors of Ppd-A1a and Ppd-D1a in Hokkaido wheat cultivars, respectively. Wheat cultivars recently developed in Hokkaido carry photoperiod-insensitive alleles at a high frequency. For efficient utilization of Ppd-1 alleles in the Hokkaido wheat-breeding program, the effect of Ppd-1 on growth pattern and grain yield should be investigated. Ppd-A1a may be useful as a unique gene source for fine tuning the heading time in the Tohoku-Kyushu region since the effect of Ppd-A1a on photoperiod insensitivity appears to differ from the effect of Ppd-B1a and Ppd-D1a.  相似文献   

Correlation of seedling size and branch number with disease resistance of Pinus thunbergii seedlings to Bursaphelenchus xylophilus     

T. Hakamata  K. Kato  S. Yamamoto 《Forest Pathology》2013,43(3):238-244

Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii) seedlings resistant to pine wood nematode (PWN; Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) are routinely selected in Japanese field inoculation trials. Correlations between morphological factors (such as height, stem diameter at ground level and number of branches on seedlings) and disease resistance were examined to improve the production efficiency of 1‐year‐old black pine seedlings for inoculation. Family relatedness and environmental conditions strongly affected seedling resistance; accordingly, logistic regression analysis was used to separate effects of these two variables. Height and stem diameter at ground level significantly correlated with disease resistance in seedlings inoculated with PWN. Because (a) interactions between stem diameter at ground level and environmental condition were significant and (b) height did not interact with any other factor, it was concluded that height of 1‐year‐old Japanese black pine seedlings independently correlated with PWN resistance. Thus, field inoculation tests should use tall seedlings to achieve enhanced survival rates.  相似文献   

GIS analysis of conjunctive water resource use in Nganjuk district, east Java, Indonesia     

Liyantono  Tasuku Kato  Hisao Kuroda  Koshi Yoshida 《Paddy and Water Environment》2013,11(1-4):193-205

Water shortages during the dry season threaten sustainable agricultural production in Nganjuk District, East Java, Indonesia. To mitigate this problem, farmers adopted conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater, but the sustainability of this practice has not been investigated. This study temporally and spatially assessed water allocation in Nganjuk District when conjunctive irrigation was used. In particular, the land cover, water balance, and irrigation well density (IWD) were analyzed using time series GIS and remote sensing data to obtain their temporal and spatial distributions. First, the land cover was analyzed to determine cropping intensity, and the water balance was analyzed temporally and spatially. IWD was introduced to facilitate the water balance analysis. Second, the land cover, water balance, and IWD results were overlaid. Third, the effectiveness of the IWD method, the magnitude of water shortages, and the sustainability of groundwater resources were considered. Temporal and spatial water shortages in irrigation blocks were observed during the dry season. The change of storage showed a surplus during the wet and early dry seasons and a shortage during the late dry season. The annual water balances indicated that the southern part had a surplus, and the northern part experienced water shortages, especially downstream of the Widas River. Conjunctive use during the late dry season was predominant and concentrated in the southern part (83% of southern blocks). IWD was appropriate for examining groundwater use trends and was effective for expressing average withdrawal data (R ² = 0.87).  相似文献