The semifossorial function of the forelimb in the common rice tenrec (Oryzorictes hova) and the streaked tenrec (Hemicentetes hemispinosus)     

Endo H  Oishi M  Yonezawa T  Rakotondraparany F  Hasegawa M 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2007,36(6):413-418

The forelimb muscles of the two semifossorial species of Tenrecidae (Oryzoryctinae: common rice tenrec; and Tenrecinae: streaked tenrec) were compared macroscopically with those of the unspecialized terrestrial-arboreal species, the Talazac long-tailed tenrec. The structure of the hand was also observed using three-dimensional reconstructed images from computed tomography data. The two semifossorial species had similar muscle weight ratios in the lateral and long heads of M. triceps brachii and M. teres major. A similar hand skeleton structure (in which the second, third and fourth metacarpals and phalanges act as a digging apparatus) was observed in both species. Our observations confirm that both these species have muscular-skeletal adaptations supporting fossorial locomotion. As each species belongs to a monophyletic subfamily within the Tenrecidae isolated in Madagascar, such semifossorial adaptations are assumed to have evolved convergently.  相似文献   

Transcatheter arterial embolization in normal canine liver          下载免费PDF全文

Yasuhisa Oishi DVM  Kenji Tani DVM  PhD  Koushiro Ozono DVM  Kazuhito Itamoto DVM  PhD  Tomoya Haraguchi DVM  PhD  Yasuho Taura DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2017,46(6):797-802

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Response biomarkers of inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke in the mouse lung     

Shugo Suzuki  Kazuhisa Asai  Min Gi  Kazuya Kojima  Anna Kakehashi  Yuji Oishi  Taisuke Matsue  Nao Yukimatsu  Kazuto Hirata  Tomoya Kawaguchi  Hideki Wanibuchi 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2022,35(3):247

Cigarette smoking is known to increase the risk of cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we evaluated the effects of short-term nose-only inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke in mice. Male 10-week-old C57BL mice were exposed to clean air (control) or mainstream cigarette smoke for 1 h/day, 5 days/week, for 2 or 4 weeks. Exposure to cigarette smoke increased the number of inflammatory cells, especially neutrophils, in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, increased inflammatory cell infiltration foci, and caused an increase in the thickness of the peripheral bronchial epithelium. Microarray gene expression analysis indicated that smoke exposure induced inflammatory responses, including leukocyte migration and activation of phagocytes and myeloid cells, as early as two weeks after the initiation of exposure. Importantly, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17, resistin-like alpha, and lipocalin 2 were upregulated and may serve as useful markers of the toxic effects of exposure to cigarette smoke before pulmonary histological changes become evident.  相似文献   

Splenic Hemangiosarcoma in a Young Sprague-Dawley Rat     

Katsuhisa Shiraki  Mihoko Ono  Satoru Kajikawa  Ayano Takeuchi  Yuichi Murakami  Yuji Oishi  Masahiro Matsumoto 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2012,25(4):273-276

The present report describes a rare case of spontaneous hemangiosarcoma in a nine-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rat. At necropsy, multiple white nodules of various sizes were observed on and within the enlarged spleen and liver and were histopathologically determined to be composed of spindle- to oval-shaped cells that showed invasive growth without encapsulation and were arranged solidly but partially in whorls or faint alveolar patterns with vascular-like spaces containing small clefts or erythrocytes in the tumor mass. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that most of the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD34 but negative for podoplanin. In addition, electron microscopic examination revealed the presence of Weibel-Palade bodies in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Based on these findings, this case was diagnosed as a hemangiosarcoma. The splenic masses were larger than the hepatic ones, with tumor cells mainly observed at periportal regions with tumor embolism in the liver, suggesting that primary hemangiosarcoma initially developed in the spleen before metastasizing.  相似文献   

Morphology of brachial plexus and axillary artery in bonobo (Pan paniscus)     

Kikuchi Y  Oishi M  Shimizu D 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2011,40(1):68-72

A left brachial plexus and axillary artery of bonobo (Pan paniscus) were examined, and the interrelation between the brachial plexus and the axillary artery was discussed. This is the first report of the brachial plexus and the axillary artery of bonobo. The bonobo brachial plexus formed very similar pattern to that of other ape species and human. On the other hand, the branches of the bonobo axillary artery had uncommon architecture in comparison with human case. The axillary artery did not penetrate the brachial plexus and passes through all way along anterior to the brachial plexus. Only 4.9% of human forelimbs have this pattern. Moreover, the brachial artery runs through superficially anterior to branches of the brachial plexus.  相似文献   

Effects of supplementary desalted mother liquor as replacement of commercial salt in diet for Thai native cattle on digestibility,energy and nitrogen balance,and rumen conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Yoshiaki Sato  Wanna Angthong  Patima Butcha  Motoharu Takeda  Kazato Oishi  Hiroyuki Hirooka  Hajime Kumagai 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(8):1093-1101

Four Thai native cattle were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment to evaluate the availability of desalted mother liquor (DML) as replacement of salt in concentrate. Each cattle was assigned to one of the following concentrate feeding treatments: C1, 1% NaCl was added as salt; C2, 2% NaCl was added as salt; D1, 1% NaCl was replaced by DML; D2, 2% NaCl was replaced by DML, on a dry matter (DM) basis. The animals were fed rice straw and experimental concentrates (40:60) at 1.9% of body weight on a DM basis, daily. Acid detergent fiber expressed exclusive of residual ash (ADFom) digestibility in DML treatment was higher than salt treatment (p < .05) and D2 feeding showed the highest value (60.8%). There were no significant differences in blood metabolites, nitrogen retention, ruminal ammonia nitrogen, methane emission or energy efficiency among treatments. Molar percent of acetate on volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid 4 hr post‐feeding tended to be higher in DML treatment than salt treatment (p = .08). The results indicated that adding DML could improve ADFom digestibility and salt could be replaced by DML up to 2% as NaCl in concentrate without adverse effects on nitrogen balance, rumen conditions, blood metabolites and methane emission.  相似文献   

Estimation of nitrogen and phosphorus flows in livestock production in Dianchi Lake basin,China          下载免费PDF全文

Hiroki Anzai  Lin Wang  Kazato Oishi  Chagan Irbis  Kunzhi Li  Hajime Kumagai  Tatsuya Inamura  Hiroyuki Hirooka 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(1):37-45

We assessed the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) flows in intensified livestock production systems by investigating nutrient budgets and cycling in the basin of Dianchi Lake, one of the most eutrophic lakes in China. We conducted field surveys based on feed samplings and interviews of livestock farmers. The N and P in local and external feeds, animal body retentions, animal products and excretions were calculated at the individual level for dairy cattle, fattening pigs, breeding sows, broilers and laying hens. The N and P flows in the total livestock production system in the area were estimated by multiplying the individual N and P budgets by the number of animals. For the dairy and fattening pig productions, N and P supplied from local crops or by‐products accounted for large parts of the inputs. For the other livestock categories, most of the N and P inputs depended on external resources. The N and P outputs through animal manure into the cropland were 287 and 66 kg/ha/year, respectively, which were higher than the N and P inputs into the livestock production systems from the cropland. The N and P loads from manure should be reduced for the establishment of sustainable agricultural production systems.  相似文献   

Tissue distribution of sulfadimethoxine and sulfamonomethoxine in horses after intravenous injection     

S Oishi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1968,30(1):21-23

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In vitro ruminal fermentation and in situ ruminal degradation of tamarind kernel powder extract residue in wethers          下载免费PDF全文

Lin Wang  Kazato Oishi  Yoshiaki Sato  Takashi Nakanishi  Hiroyuki Hirooka  Kei Takahashi  Hajime Kumagai 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(7):966-973

We examined the in vitro fermentation characteristics and in situ dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability of tamarind kernel powder extract residue (TKPER), a by‐product of polysaccharides thickener processing. Two types of TKPER (I and II), of which the CP and neutral detergent fiber organic matter basis contents (%) were 41.4 and 42.0 and 1.4 and 0.5, respectively, were compared with dry heat soybean (SB), soybean meal (SBM) and dry soybean curd residue (SBCR). The TKPERs had significantly lower in vitro gas production compared to the other products at each observation time (P < 0.05). The in vitro DM and CP digestibility (%) of TKPER I and II were 67.7 and 64.9, and 64.5 and 58.0, respectively, significantly lower than those of SB and SBM (P < 0.05). We used four wethers (55.6 ± 4.6 kg) with ruminal cannulas to investigate the in situ degradability of TKPER I, SB, SBM and SBCR. At the ruminal outflow rate of 0.05/h, the effective degradability (%) values of the DM and CP of TKPER I were 64.1 and 49.7, respectively, which were similar to those of SBM. In conclusion, TKPER had high CP and exhibited in situ degradability similar to that of SBM, suggesting that TKPER could be used as a protein source feed.  相似文献   

Health and mineral nutrition status of yaks in southern Mustang,Nepal          下载免费PDF全文

Hajime Kumagai  Mitsumi Nakajima  Hiroki Anzai  Takashi Sakai  Kazato Oishi  Hiroyuki Hirooka  Manoj Kumar Shah 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1156-1161

Biochemical values and mineral concentrations in blood plasma were investigated to evaluate the statuses of health and mineral nutrition among yaks in Mustang District, Nepal. In total, 118 plasma samples of female yaks collected in April and September/October of 2013–2015 were offered. Seventy‐four percent of yaks showed lower plasma total‐cholesterol concentrations than the lowest limit of reference range (100 mg/dL) and the values in spring (83.41 mg/dL) were lower (P < 0.05) than those in autumn (95.05 mg/dL). All the yaks had lower plasma albumin concentrations than the lowest limit of reference range (3.0 g/dL) and 66% of yaks showed lower plasma inorganic phosphorus concentrations than the critical level of phosphorus deficiency (4.5 mg/dL). Thirty‐five percent of yaks showed lower plasma calcium concentrations than the lowest limit of normal range (8 mg/dL) and the concentrations were lower in spring than in autumn (P < 0.01). Seventy‐five percent of yaks presented lower copper concentrations than the critical level (0.65 mg/L) and the concentrations were lower in spring than in autumn (P < 0.01). Since the low plasma total‐cholesterol might have indicated shortage of dry matter and energy intake, attention should be paid to the nutritional statuses of energy, phosphorus, calcium and copper in winter and early spring.  相似文献