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61.
Sediment source fingerprinting: benchmarking recent outputs,remaining challenges and emerging themes
Collins Adrian L. Blackwell Martin Boeckx Pascal Chivers Charlotte-Anne Emelko Monica Evrard Olivier Foster Ian Gellis Allen Gholami Hamid Granger Steve Harris Paul Horowitz Arthur J. Laceby J. Patrick Martinez-Carreras Nuria Minella Jean Mol Lisa Nosrati Kazem Pulley Simon Silins Uldis da Silva Yuri Jacques Stone Micheal Tiecher Tales Upadhayay Hari Ram Zhang Yusheng 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(12):4160-4193
Journal of Soils and Sediments - This review of sediment source fingerprinting assesses the current state-of-the-art, remaining challenges and emerging themes. It combines inputs from international... 相似文献
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The tourism industry has long been recognised for supporting women in achieving economic empowerment and social freedom through entrepreneurial and employment opportunities. Widely recognised as a women-dominated sector, tourism is deemed to be a facilitator of women's development following the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As the existing literature suggests, women's involvement in tourism activities supports local economic growth and development, while facilitating social transformation that enables them to create their own identities. Despite these achievements, several studies noted the persisting issues women face in participating in tourism. With the goal of contributing to existing discourses, this paper aims to analyse their experiences in community entrepreneurship by examining several community-involved tourism enterprises in the Philippines. The findings of this study reveal that women have been largely involved in tourism activities in that country, yet their experiences working in these enterprises vary. The opportunities and challenges identified in this study can serve as a springboard for further analysis of the experience of women working in the Philippine tourism industry. 相似文献
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Mahmood Sinaie Kazem Darvish Bastami Masoud Ghorbanpour Hossein Najafzadeh Majid Shekari Sara Haghparast 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(4):1235-1242
It is of crucial importance to study on the biomarkers types to assess the specification of the pollutants and health status
of marine ecosystems in environmental evaluation projects. In this respect, total metallothionein biosynthesis and mercury
bioaccumulation in the liver and gills under acute mercury exposure were investigated in fish, Scat (Scatophagus argus). Spotted scat was exposed to different mercury concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30) for 24, 48, 72 h. Total MT levels were determined
by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Mercury contents were determined through cold vapor atomic absorption
spectrometry (CVAAS). Induction of MT during exposure was tissue specific, displaying different response pattern in gills
and liver. Mercury accumulated in liver much higher than in gills and the latter also showed lower MT level (P < 0.05). MT biosynthesis in liver showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase after exposure to different mercury concentration with increase in exposure time, whereas total MT content
did not significantly (P > 0.05) change in gills except for 72 h exposure at 30 μg l−1. Nonetheless, the relationship between MT biosynthesis and Mercury bioaccumulation in both tissues was significant (P < 0.05). The results suggest that this form of MT in S. argus was Hg inducible and could be extended as a biomarker of mercury pollution in marine ecosystems. 相似文献
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Yakov KUZYAKOV Anna GUNINA Kazem ZAMANIAN Jing TIAN Yu LUO Xingliang XU Anna YUDINA Humberto APONTE Hattan ALHARBI Lilit OVSEPYAN Irina KURGANOVA Tida GE Thomas GUILLAUME 《农业科学与工程前沿(英文版)》2020,7(3):282
Assessment of soil health requires complex evaluation of properties and functions responsible for a broad range of ecosystem services. Numerous soil quality indices (SQI) have been suggested for the evaluation of specific groups of soil functions, but comparison of various SQI is impossible because they are based on a combination of specific soil properties. To avoid this problem, we suggest an SQI-area approach based on the comparison of the areas on a radar diagram of a combination of chemical, biological and physical properties. The new approach is independent of the SQI principle and allows rapid and simple comparison of parameter groups and soils. Another approach analyzing the resistance and sensitivity of properties to degradation is suggested for a detailed evaluation of soil health. The resistance and sensitivity of soil properties are determined through comparison with the decrease of soil organic carbon (SOC) as a universal parameter responsible for many functions. The SQI-area and resistance/sensitivity approaches were tested based on the recovery of Phaeozems and Chernozems chronosequences after the abandonment of agricultural soils. Both the SQI-area and the resistance/sensitivity approaches are useful for basic and applied research, and for decision-makers to evaluate land-use practices and measure the degree of soil degradation. 相似文献
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S. Abdi N. Abbaspur S. Avestan A. V. Barker 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2016,91(3):211-219
The plant growth regulator CycocelTM [(2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride] can be used to produce drought tolerance in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) due to a reduction in the ratio between vegetative growth and fruit production. To evaluate the physiological responses of two grapevine cultivars to drought and CycocelTM treatment, a factorial experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. The factors included irrigation frequency (at 5-, 10-, or 15-day intervals corresponding to no, mild, or severe drought stress), CycocelTM concentration (0, 500, or 1000 mg l–1), and cultivar (‘Rasheh’ or ‘Bidane-Sefid’). Stomatal conductance (gs) the net rate of CO2 assimilation (Anet), the rate of transpiration (Tr), and chlorophyll a and b concentrations decreased in plants exposed to mild or severe water-deficit stress, whereas carotenoid, proline, and total soluble sugar concentrations increased compared to plants with no drought stress. The relative water content (RWC) of leaves declined only under severe drought stress. A reduction in intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci) occurred under mild drought stress; however, under severe drought stress, Ci values increased. Under mild drought stress, the reduction in the net rate of photosynthesis was related to stomatal closure, whereas under severe drought stress, non-stomatal factors were dominant. Water-use efficiency (WUE) improved under mild drought stress relative to non-stressed plants, but under severe drought, it declined. Foliar applications of CycocelTM resulted in increased Anet, gs, Tr, and WUE values, as well as proline and soluble sugar concentrations. ‘Rasheh’ was more tolerant to drought stress than was ‘Bidane-Sefid’. Foliar applications of CycocelTM, particularly at 1000 mg l–1, mitigated the negative effects of drought stress by increasing Anet, WUE, RWC, compatible solute concentrations, such as proline, soluble sugar, and chlorophyll a and b concentrations. 相似文献
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Seed dormancy is an obstacle to revegetation and reclamation efforts, particularly in arid and semiarid environments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the most effective germination pretreatment for Haloxylon persicum, a tall desert shrub or small tree. The experiment employed a completely randomized block design. Dormancy breaking treatments included scarification with 98% sulfuric acid for 10, 20, 30, and 60 minutes; debracting seeds; debracting + piercing seeds; stratification for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks; and leaching seeds in flowing water for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. Results demonstrated that scarification with 98% sulfuric acid for 10 min was the most effective treatment which increased germination from 23.3% (control) to >82.6%. 相似文献
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In this study, effects of foliar application (with constant 0.2% concentration) of chemical NPK (N20:P10:K20) and organic fertilizers of Biomin (an organic aminochelate fertilizer), Humifolin (a humic acid based fertilizer), Biomin?+?Humifolin, a synthetic macro-micro mixture, soil application of NPK (600?mg.kg?1 of the N20:P10:K20 formulation), and a no fertilizer control were evaluated on growth and quality of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum var annuum) seedlings under greenhouse conditions with cool temperature of 15?±?3?°C. The results showed that most growth and quality traits were best improved by foliar application of Biomin aminochelate followed by Humifolin fertilizer. Higher values for leaf area, leaf number, chlorophyl index, root and shoot biomass, and leaf concentration of soluble sugars, N, K, Ca, and Zn, were attributed to foliar application of Biomin and Humifolin. The mixture of Biomin?+?Humifolin had reduced values of those parameters indicating possible negative interaction when these two organic fertilizers are mixed. 相似文献
70.
The increased optical fiber development for a variety of physical and chemical measurements using smart structures and sensors
leads to investigate the mechanical and chemical reliability of standard commercial acrylate polymer coated fibers. Multimode
optical fiber was subjected to aggressive chemical reagents in gaseous and liquid phase, such as acetylene, ammonia, dimethyl-sulfoxide
for different durations after prior vacuum exposure. Tensile testing results were treated using Weibull statistic. A comparison
of mean failure strengths of aged fibers for similar exposure duration has revealed the highest sensitivity to acetylene and
dimethyl-sulfoxide reagents. Based on analysis of aged fiber surface morphology obtained from Scanning Electron Microscopy,
we can deduce the damage extent and the consequence on the structure of the fiber in contact with these harsh environments. 相似文献