Effects of glucose and amino acids on ghrelin secretion in sheep     

Toshihisa SUGINO  Yuko KAWAKITA  Rika FUKUMORI  Yoshihisa HASEGAWA  Masayasu KOJIMA  Kenji KANGAWA  Taketo OBITSU  Kohzo TANIGUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(2):199-204

Two experiments were conducted to elucidate the effects of post‐ruminal administration of starch and casein (Exp. 1), plasma amino acids concentrations (Exp. 2), and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations (Exp. 2) on plasma ghrelin concentrations in sheep. In Exp. 1, plasma ghrelin concentrations were determined by four infusion treatments (water, cornstarch, casein and cornstarch plus casein) in four wethers. Abomasal infusion of casein increased plasma α‐amino N (AAN) concentrations. Infusion of starch or casein alone did not affect plasma ghrelin concentrations, but starch plus casein infusion increased plasma levels of ghrelin, glucose and AAN. In Exp 2, we investigated the effects of saline or amino acids on ghrelin secretion in four wethers. Two hours after the initiation of saline or amino acid infusion into the jugular vein, glucose was also continuously infused to investigate the effects of blood glucose and insulin by hyper‐glycemic clump on plasma ghrelin concentrations. Infusion of amino acids alone raised plasma levels of ghrelin, but the higher plasma glucose and insulin concentrations had no effect on plasma ghrelin concentrations. These results suggest that high plasma levels of amino acids can stimulate ghrelin secretion, but glucose and insulin do not affect ghrelin secretion in sheep.  相似文献   

Multi-locus sequence typing of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis strains in Japan between 1973 and 2004     

Tamie Noda  Koichi Murakami  Tetsuo Asai  Yoshiki Etoh  Tomoe Ishihara  Toshiro Kuroki  Kazumi Horikawa  Shuji Fujimoto 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):38

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) was responsible for a worldwide pandemic during the 1980s and 1990s; however, changes in the dominant lineage before and after this event remain unknown. This study determined S. Enteritidis lineages before and after this pandemic event in Japan using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Thirty S. Enteritidis strains were collected in Japan between 1973 and 2004, consisting of 27 human strains from individual episodes, a bovine strain, a liquid egg strain and an eggshell strain. Strains showed nine phage types and 17 pulsed-field profiles with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. All strains had homologous type 11 sequences without any nucleotide differences in seven housekeeping genes. These MLST results suggest that S. Enteritidis with the diversities revealed by phage typing and pulsed-field profiling has a highly clonal population. Although type 11 S. Enteritidis may exhibit both pleiotropic surface structure and pulsed-field type variation, it is likely to be a stable lineage derived from an ancestor before the 1980s and/or 1990s pandemic in Japan.  相似文献   

Phylogenetic identification of Cystoisospora spp. from dogs, cats, and raccoon dogs in Japan     

Matsubayashi M  Carreno RA  Tani H  Yoshiuchi R  Kanai T  Kimata I  Uni S  Furuya M  Sasai K 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,176(2-3):270-274

Cystoisospora spp. from feces in dogs, cats, and raccoon dogs were isolated, sequenced at the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene locus and compared to other Cystoisospora spp. Cystoisospora oocysts from dogs and raccoon dogs were morphologically similar with those of C. ohioensis, and cat isolates were similar with those of C. felis. The sequences from dogs and raccoon dogs, and cats have a homology with C. ohioensis and C. felis, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA sequences showed that the dog and raccoon dog isolates were nested in a clade with other Cystoisospora spp. including C. ohioensis, C. belli, and C. orlovi. The cat isolate formed a sister group with C. felis that was a separate clade from the dog and raccoon dog group. We report sequence variation in these Cystoisospora sequences and have identified raccoon dogs as another carnivore host for Cystoisospora spp. infecting dogs.  相似文献   

In vitro inhibitory effect of trichostatin A on canine grade 3 mast cell tumor     

Nagamine MK  Sanches DS  Pinello KC  Torres LN  Mennecier G  Latorre AO  Fukumasu H  Dagli ML 《Veterinary research communications》2011,35(6):391-399

Mast cell tumor (MCT) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms that affect skin and soft tissue in dogs. Because mast cell tumors present a great variety of clinical appearance and behavior, their treatment becomes a challenge. Trichostatin A (TSA), an antifungal antibiotic, has shown inhibitory effects on the proliferation and induction of apoptosis in various types of cancer cells. In order to evaluate the potential of trichostatin A as a therapeutic drug, cells of grade 3 MCT were cultured and treated with concentrations of 1 nM to 400 nM of TSA. MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion assays were performed to estimate cell growth and cell viability, and cell cycle analysis was evaluated. TSA treatment showed a reduction in numbers of viable cells and an increase of cell death by apoptosis. The cell cycle analysis showed an increase of hypodiploid cells and a reduction of G0/G1 and G2/M –phases. According to these results, trichostatin A may be an interesting potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of canine MCT.  相似文献   

Continuous exposure to α-glycosyl isoquercitrin from developmental stages to adulthood is necessary for facilitating fear extinction learning in rats     

Yasunori Masubuchi  Junta Nakahara  Satomi Kikuchi  Hiromu Okano  Yasunori Takahashi  Kazumi Takashima  Mihoko Koyanagi  Robert R. Maronpot  Toshinori Yoshida  Shim-mo Hayashi  Makoto Shibutani 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2020,33(4):247

  相似文献   

Efficacy of en bloc thoracic duct ligation in combination with pericardiectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for canine idiopathic chylothorax     

Hiroo Kanai DVM  Masaru Furuya DVM  PhD  Ken Hagiwara MD  Aya Nukaya DVM  Motoki Kondo DVM  PhD  Toshihide Aso DVM  Ayako Fujii DVM  Kazumi Sasai DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(Z1):O102-O111

  相似文献   

水稻种胚愈伤组织增殖力的形态学和组织学研究     

张林  服部一三  和田富吉 《华中农业大学学报》2005,24(5):429-434

对高愈伤组织增殖力品种Aikoku和低愈伤组织增殖力品种Moritawase进行了形态学和组织学的观察。在相同的培养条件下2品种表现出不同的形态和组织学特征,证实了基因型对愈伤组织增殖的作用。Aikoku的愈伤组织颜色淡黄、增殖较快,而Moritawase的愈伤组织则呈褐色且增殖速度慢。组织学的观察表明,Aikoku的种胚盾片上皮组织以及由上皮细胞起源的愈伤组织的细胞分裂活性高于Moritawase而且在上述2个品种中还观察到不同的细胞分化类型,在Aikoku的愈伤组织中观察到了带有表皮状结构的圆形细胞块,而在Moritawase的愈伤组织中却观察到了根状结构。在本研究中还观察到Aikoku中起源于中胚轴和盾片维管束的愈伤组织表现出与盾片上皮细胞起源愈伤组织不同的细胞学特征。  相似文献   

Proposal for stock-recruitment relationship for Japanese sardine <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sardinops melanostictus</Emphasis> in North-Western Pacific     

Satomi Shimoyama  Kazumi Sakuramoto  Naoki Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(5):1035-1041

ABSTRACT:   This study assessed the stock-recruitment relationship (SRR) for the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus in the North-western Pacific. Of the 20 SRR models investigated, the Akaike information criterion (AIC) was the minimum (AIC = 551.2) when the data were separated into two groups (A and B) and the log-normal distribution was applied as the error term. Group A was constructed with SRR data from 1976–1987 and 1992–2004. Group B consisted of data from 1988–1991. The AIC minimum model was R  = 22.8 S  ×  e ^ε for Group A, where R , S , and ε denote the recruitment of sardine (individual number of 0-year old fish), spawning stock biomass (SSB), and error term, respectively. This model indicated that recruitment was proportional to the SSB and that no density-dependent effect operated over the range of SSB investigated (51 000–11.3 million t). Recruitment was markedly higher (lower) when the sea surface temperature (SST) of the Kuroshio Extension area in February was low (high). The essential SRR can simply be expressed as R  = 22.8 S  ×  e ^ε with the level of recruitment deviating from the model to a greater or lesser degree depending on the environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Electrophoretic evidence for extensive hybrid gene introgression into commercial Oreochromis niloticus (L.) stocks in the Philippines*     

J. M. MACARANAS  N. TANIGUCHI  M. J. R. PANTE  J. B. CAPILI  R. S. V. PULLIN 《Aquaculture Research》1986,17(4):249-258

Abstract. The usefulness of isozyme and protein markers in identifying tilapia species and their hybrids is demonstrated Genetic characterization of Oreochromis niloticus populations from commercial farms, experimental stations, and government hatcheries in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao in the Philippines indicates well-established introgression with O mossambicus Genetic differentiation of the O niloticus stocks, measured by Nei's genetic distance, was highly correlated with O mossambicus gene content The implications of these results for tilapia genetic improvement are discussed.  相似文献   

Inheritance mode of microsatellite DNA markers and their use for kinship estimation in kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

TAKUMA  SUGAYA  MINORU  IKEDA  HIDESHI  MORI  NOBUHIKO  TANIGUCHI 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(2):299-305

The allelic inheritance mode of microsatellite DNA markers was examined using seven copulated wild females and their offspring. Five microsatellite loci, CSPJ002 *, CSPJ010 *, CSPJ012 *, CSPJ014 *, and CSPJ015 *, were used in the study. At almost all family/locus combinations, one sire was determined and distributions of genotypes in offspring were consistent with the Mendelian segregation ratio. Distributions of genotypes were consistent with the ratio after assuming a null allele at some loci. Consequently, the alleles of CSPJ002 * and CSPJ012 * were inherited following the Mendelian inheritance mode in every family; however, the null allele was expected in CSPJ010 *, CSPJ014 *, and CSPJ015 * in some families. Thus, these loci should be used carefully in population genetic analysis, but siblings could be detected in the dendrograms based on unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPMGA).  相似文献