Inhibitory profile of nonapeptide derived from porcine troponin C against angiotensin I-converting enzyme     

Katayama K  Tomatsu M  Kawahara S  Yamauchi K  Fuchu H  Kodama Y  Kawamura Y  Muguruma M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(4):771-775

A novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide (RMLGQTPTK; 9mer) from porcine skeletal troponin C was investigated for its inhibitory profile. This peptide was noncompetitive and as hydrophobic as the known ACE inhibitory peptides. Aminopeptidase M quickly hydrolyzed 9mer, resulting in production of MLGQTPTK and LGQTPTK with inhibitory activities similar to those of 9mer. The main hydrolysis product of 9mer with carboxypeptidase A and B was RMLGQTPT showing very weak activity. Most products derived from 9mer hydrolysis by ACE, aminopeptidase, or carboxypeptidase showed weak but definite ACE inhibitory activities. Thus, 9mer was estimated to be a wholly efficient inhibitor with these fragment peptides.  相似文献   

Inhibitory effects of lignans on the activity of human matrix metalloproteinase 7 (matrilysin)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Muta Y  Oyama S  Umezawa T  Shimada M  Inouye K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(19):5888-5894

Inhibitory effects of nine dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans on a human matrix metalloproteinase, matrilysin, were examined. All of the lignans examined inhibited matrilysin with the IC(50) values ranging from 50 to >280 microM. Matairesinol, which has the basic structure of the other lignans, showed the weakest inhibition. Lignans with methylenedioxy ring(s) or a hydroxyl group at the C5-position inhibited matrilysin more strongly than matairesinol. 5-Hydroxypluviatolide, which has both a methylenedioxy ring and a hydroxyl group at the C5-position, was the most potent inhibitor (IC(50) = 50 microM), suggesting that the introduction of these two elements might enhance synergistically the inhibitory activity of lignans. 5-Hydroxypluviatolide inhibited matrilysin in a competitive manner, and its inhibitory effect was greatly suppressed by the presence of another competitive inhibitor, dimethyl sulfoxide. The precursors of matairesinol, coniferyl alcohol and secoisolariciresinol, had no inhibitory activity, indicating that the dibenzylbutyrolactone structure is essential for the inhibition. It has been shown that lignans have the potential to inhibit matrilysin, and the knowledge of their structure-activity relationship might be beneficial to developing selective inhibitors for matrix metalloproteinases.  相似文献   

Impacts of the loss of neotropical highland forests on the species distribution: a case study using resplendent quetzal an endangered bird species     

Sofia Solórzano  Miguel Angel Castillo-Santiago  Ken Oyama 《Biological conservation》2003,114(3):341-349

We evaluated the impacts of land-cover changes of evergreen cloud forests on the distribution of quetzals in the four mountain regions of Chiapas, Mexico. The land-cover changes were estimated comparing satellite images of 1970 and 2000. We also simulated the amount of remnant forests 50 years in the future. The past and the current distributions of quetzals were based on literature records and recent field surveys. Our results showed that in 1970 the forests occupied 973 km², and in 2000, 312 km², and annual loss from 3.34 to 6.85%. Our simulation suggests that 50 years from now, only one region will maintain evergreen cloud forests. In addition, we documented literature reports of 39 forests inhabited by quetzals, but in 2001 there remained 11 small-isolated forests. In order to guarantee the survival of this species, conversation efforts must be made to protect the quetzal and its habitat throughout the entire Mesoamerica region.  相似文献   

Sequence variability in the mitochondrial DNA control region of five Sebastes species     

Masahito  HIGUCHI  Kazunori  KATO 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(3):643-650

ABSTRACT: Sequence variability of the control region of mitochondrial DNA in five Sebastes species ( S. thompsoni , S. joyneri , S. inermis , S. schlegeli and S. owstoni ) was investigated. Of 324 nucleotide sites in the control region of S. thompsoni , 56 sites (17.3%) varied, and all 20 individuals had different haplotypes. The other four species had between five and 17 sites (1.5–5.9%), which was fewer than that observed in S. thompsoni . The nucleotide diversity of S. thompsoni was highest (3.45%) among the five species, and that of S. schlegeli was the lowest (0.19%). The results demonstrated that sequence variability exists in the control region of the five Sebastes fishes investigated, and that sequence data in the control region may be suitable for stock structure analysis. Also, the extent of genetic variablitiy in the control region differed among these species. In particular, the mitochondrial DNA control region in S. thompsoni was characterized by high sequence variability, which may indicate a large effective population size.  相似文献   

Histological evidence of lunar-synchronized ovarian development and spawning in the spiny rabbitfish Siganus spinus (Linnaeus) around the Ryukyus     

Agustinus P Harahap  Akihiro Takemura  Shigeo Nakamura  MD  Saydur Rahman  Kazunori Takano 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(5):888-893

ABSTRACT: This study clarifies the annual reproductive cycle and the lunar-synchronized spawning of the spiny rabbitfish ( Siganus spinus ) that inhabit the Okinawan waters. Annual and weekly changes in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and the histological features of the ovaries were checked. Gonadosomatic index was high during the months of May to July, and yolk-laden oocytes were observed in the ovaries from March to July. Some of the ovaries collected during June and July contained oocytes at maturation stage or ovulatory follicles. These results suggest that the spiny rabbitfish undergo active vitellogenesis and spawning from May to July. During the reproductive season (May to July), collection of fish according to the lunar phase revealed that a high GSI occurred around the time of the new moon. Cyclic oocyte development with peaks around the time of the same moon phase was also observed, suggesting that, in Okinawan waters, this species is a lunar-synchronized spawner and spawns three times.  相似文献   

Efficacy of oral torasemide in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease and new onset congestive heart failure: The CARPODIEM study     

Beatrice Besche  Thomas Blondel  Emilie Guillot  Catherine Garelli-Paar  Mark A. Oyama 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(5):1746-1758

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Utility of radiographic measurements to predict echocardiographic left heart enlargement in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease     

Megan H. Poad  Timothy J. Manzi  Mark A. Oyama  Anna R. Gelzer 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(5):1728-1733

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Comparison of polymerase chain reaction with bacterial 16s primers to blood culture to identify bacteremia in dogs with suspected bacterial endocarditis     

Meurs KM  Heaney AM  Atkins CE  DeFrancesco TC  Fox PR  Keene BW  Kellihan HB  Miller MW  Oyama MA  Oaks JL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(4):959-962

Background: Identification of the bacterial organism in dogs with endocarditis is challenging. Human studies have reported the utility of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify and identify bacterial nucleic acid from infected valvular tissue and blood. Hypothesis/Objectives: We hypothesized that PCR using primers designed to amplify the bacterial 16s gene would identify circulating bacteria in dogs with suspected bacterial endocarditis more consistently than standard blood culture techniques. Animals: Eighteen dogs with suspected bacterial endocarditis based upon clinical and echocardiographic findings. Fifteen clinically normal dogs served as negative controls. Methods: Prospective study of dogs evaluated for suspect endocarditis at 6 veterinary hospitals. A blood sample was drawn from all dogs and evaluated with both a single‐sample PCR and standard 3‐sample blood culture techniques. Results: Blood culture identified noncontaminant bacteria in 6/18 study animals (33%) and 1 control dog; PCR identified noncontaminant bacteria in 7/18 study animals (39%). There were no study animals in which the 2 tests identified different bacteria (κ= 1.0). However, bacteria were identified by both techniques in only 2/18 study animals. When results from both PCR and blood culture were considered together, a noncontaminant bacterial organism was identified in 11/18 study animals (61%). Conclusion and Clinical Importance: The results of this study suggest that although single sample PCR with 16s primers was not more sensitive than blood culture for detection of bacteremia in dogs with suspect endocarditis, performing both techniques simultaneously did increase the likelihood of identification of bacteria in blood.  相似文献   

Multicenter evaluation of plasma N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) as a biochemical screening test for asymptomatic (occult) cardiomyopathy in cats     

Fox PR  Rush JE  Reynolds CA  Defrancesco TC  Keene BW  Atkins CE  Gordon SG  Schober KE  Bonagura JD  Stepien RL  Kellihan HB  Macdonald KA  Lehmkuhl LB  Nguyenba TP  Sydney Moise N  Lefbom BK  Hogan DF  Oyama MA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(5):1010-1016

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Is there a relationship between the intrinsic rate of propagation and <Emphasis Type="Italic">in-vitro</Emphasis> migration and virulence of the pinewood nematode, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</Emphasis>?     

Jinu Eo  Shuhei Takemoto  Kazunori Otobe 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,130(2):231-237

We investigated if rates of propagation and migration were related with the level of virulence in the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus using 17 offspring lines from the F₂ crosses between virulent and avirulent isolates. Virulence was tested by inoculating seedlings of Pinus thunbergii with the nematodes. The proportion of dead seedlings ranged from 13.3% to 77.8%, 20 weeks after inoculation. Migration rate of the nematodes was estimated by measuring their migration distance per unit time in an artificial substrate that imitated pathways in pine trees. Migration rate varied from 0.85 to 3.53 mm min⁻¹. Propagation rate was determined based on population growth on the fungus Botrytis cinerea, and it ranged between 10^3.88 and 10^4.99 per 12 days. Statistical analyses revealed that virulence was not correlated with migration rate, but was negatively correlated with propagation rate on Botrytis cinerea, suggesting that the nematodes paid some cost for virulence. Also, there was no relationship between rates of migration and propagation. Cluster analysis showed that the biological parameters varied between crossbred lines, with no kinship bias, suggesting the absence of sex-linked inheritance in virulence and rates of propagation and migration.  相似文献