Equine nonneoplastic abnormal ovary in a draft mare with high serum anti-Müllerian hormone: a case study     

Akira GOTO  Masaaki TAGAMI  Fumiki KATO  Tsukasa SUZUKI  Takashi YAMAGA  Harutaka MURASE  Fumio SATO  Munkhtuul TSOGTGEREL  Tadamasa NIIKURA  Tomoe MORIYAMA  Akiko CHIBA  Ken-ichi WATANABE  Nao TSUZUKI  Yasuo NAMBO 《Journal of Equine Science》2021,32(4):147

We performed a standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy in a draft mare that presented with high serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and had an enlarged single cystic ovary. Histopathological examination revealed no tumor cell proliferation in the ovary, but the presence of a large ovarian cyst was confirmed. In the diagnosis of abnormal ovaries in mares, a comprehensive assessment should be performed, including the monitoring of ovarian morphology and biomarkers over time, to determine the disease prognosis and treatment plan. The case of this mare with a nonneoplastic abnormal ovary and increased serum AMH level was rare. We suggest that standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy is useful for the removal of large ovaries in draft mares.  相似文献   

Assisted reproductive techniques for canines: preservation of genetic material in domestic dogs     

Hiroshi SUZUKI  Hiroyuki WATANABE  Yasuyuki ABE 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2022,68(1):1

Assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs), such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and cryopreservation of gametes/zygotes, have been developed to improve breeding and reproduction of livestock, and for the treatment of human infertility. Their widespread use has contributed to improvements in human health and welfare. However, in dogs, only artificial insemination using frozen semen is readily available as an ART to improve breeding and control genetic diversity. A recent priority in sperm cryopreservation is the development of alternatives to egg yolk, which is widely used as a component of the sperm extender. Egg yolk can vary in composition among batches and is prone to contamination by animal pathogens. The latter can be a problem for international exchange of cryopreserved semen. Low-density lipoprotein and skim milk are promising candidates for use as extenders, to ensure fertility after artificial insemination. Although not tested for its effects on fertility following artificial insemination, polyvinyl alcohol may also be a useful alternative to egg yolk as an extender. The development of cryopreservation techniques for canine embryos lags behind that for other mammals, including humans. However, given the success of non-surgical embryo transfer in 2011, studies have sought to refine this approach for practical use. Research on sperm cryopreservation has yielded satisfactory results. However, investigation of other approaches, such as cryopreservation of oocytes and gonadal tissues, remains insufficient. Techniques for the efficient induction of estrus may aid in the development of successful canine ARTs.  相似文献   

Increasing nitrate removal at low temperatures by incorporating organic matter into paddy fields   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tomoki TAKAHASHI  Hidehiro INAGAKI  Tsutomu FUKUSHIMA  Tomohiro OISHI  Kazuo MATSUNO 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2010,56(1):163-167

Denitrification of paddy fields is a key process for improving water quality in fields where nitrate concentrations are high. The objective of the present study was to understand the effects of incorporating organic carbon (C) into soil on the denitrification rate of paddy fields in winter. On 11 December 2007, separate paddy field plots were prepared by incorporating 5 Mg ha⁻¹ of rice straw (RS), 11 Mg ha⁻¹ of rice straw compost (RSC) or a control. A field with a high concentration of nitrate in the water (averaging 18 mg N L⁻¹) was irrigated until 29 March. During the experiment, the daily average soil temperature at a depth of 0.05 m ranged between 3 and 15°C. The nitrate concentration in the surface water in the RS plot, where the residence time was 2 days, decreased more than the concentration in the control or RSC plots. The total estimated nitrate removal from each plot in relation to the other plots was RS > RSC = control. Measurements of the soil from each plot on 29 February 2008 showed that incorporation of RS significantly increased the denitrification potential, even at low temperatures (5–10°C). Furthermore, the RS plot contained more dissolved organic C than the control or RSC plots. This result indicates that supplying RS effectively increases denitrification under low-temperature conditions.  相似文献   

Development of Singlet Oxygen Absorption Capacity (SOAC) Assay Method. 3. Measurements of the SOAC Values for Phenolic Antioxidants     

K Mukai  A Ouchi  S Takahashi  K Aizawa  T Inakuma  J Terao  S Nagaoka 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(32):7905-7916

Measurements of the singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) quenching rates (k(Q) (S)) and the relative singlet oxygen absortpion capacity (SOAC) values were performed for 16 phenolic antioxidants (tocopherol derivatives, ubiquinol-10, caffeic acids, and catechins) and vitamin C in ethanol/chloroform/D(2)O (50:50:1, v/v/v) solution at 35 °C. It has been clarified that the SOAC method is useful to evaluate the (1)O(2)-quenching activity of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants having 5 orders of magnitude different rate constants from 1.38 × 10(10) M(-1) s(-1) for lycopene to 2.71 × 10(5) for ferulic acid. The logarithms of the k(Q) (S) and the SOAC values for phenolic antioxidants were found to correlate well with their peak oxidation potentials (E(p)); the antioxidants that have smaller E(p) values show higher reactivities. In previous works, measurements of the k(Q) (S) values for many phenolic antioxidants were performed in ethanol. Consequently, measurements of the k(Q) (S) and relative SOAC values were performed for eight carotenoids in ethanol to investigate the effect of solvent on the (1)O(2)-quenching rate. The k(Q) (S) values for phenolic antioxidants and carotenoids in ethanol were found to correlate linearly with the k(Q) (S) values in ethanol/chloroform/D(2)O solution with a gradient of 1.79, except for two catechins. As the relative rate constants (k(Q)(AO) (S)/k(Q)(α-Toc) (S)) of antioxidants (AO) are equal to the relative SOAC values, the SOAC values do not depend on the kinds of solvent used, if α-tocopherol is used as a standard compound. In fact, the SOAC values obtained for carotenoids in mixed solvent agreed well with the corresponding ones in ethanol.  相似文献   

Community structure of the microbiota in the floodwater of a Japanese paddy field estimated by restriction fragment length polymorphism and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis pattern analyses   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Makoto Kimura  Taketoshi Shibagaki  Yasunori Nakajima  Kazuo Matsuya  Makoto Ikenaga 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2002,36(4):306-312

The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) patterns of 16S rDNA were studied to elucidate the effects of the type of fertilization and the growth stage of rice plants on the community structure of the microbiota in the floodwater of a Japanese paddy field under a long-term fertilizer trial. From the mid tillering stage, a higher pH and temperature were observed in the plot without fertilization (NoF plot) than in the plots supplied with chemical fertilizers (CF plot) and with compost (CM plot). DNA fragments specific to the respective plots and common to every plot were detected after the digestion of PCR products by restriction enzymes. Cluster analysis separated the RFLP and DGGE patterns of the microbiota in the floodwater into four clusters; the microbiota in (1) the NoF plot, (2) the CF plot, (3) the CM plot, and (4) the CF and CM plots in the early growing stage. The effect of fertilizer application on the community structure was more conspicuous than that of seasonal variation.  相似文献   

Protease in sturgeon sperm and the effects of protease inhibitors on sperm motility and velocity     

Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi  Pavla Postlerová-Maňásková  Azadeh Hatef  Martin Pšenička  Jana Pěknicová  Kazuo Inaba  Andrzej Ciereszko  Otomar Linhart 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(5):1393-1398

In mammals, proteases are present in sperm acrosome and play key role in fertilization. Sturgeon sperm has an acrosome, but its physiology, biochemistry, and potential role in fertilization are unknown. In the present study, we have observed high protease activity in acidic extract of intact sperm compared to that of seminal plasma in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus). The protease activity was decreased and increased in acidic extract of motility-activated sperm and in the activation medium, respectively. Molecular analysis revealed total protease and serine (acrosin) protease activities in sperm acidic extract which was accumulated in a protein band with relative molecular mass of 35 kDa. Immunoelectron microscopy using an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody for boar acrosin localized the protease at the acrosome region. Moreover, initiation of sperm motility was inhibited after activation in the presence of inhibitors for both trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like proteases, while the effects of protease inhibitors on sperm velocity were uncertain. Our results indicate similarities in physiology and biochemistry of acrosome between sturgeon and mammals and suggest potential role of protease in the initiation of sperm motility in sturgeon.  相似文献