Inheritance and geographical distribution of phenol reaction-less varieties of barley   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Kazuyoshi Takeda  Cheng Lin Chang 《Euphytica》1996,90(2):217-221

Summary The reaction of spikes and grains of barley to phenol was investigated using 8,849 cultivated and 349 wild accessions collected from the world. The pericarp and hull of the grain were stained dark brown by a 1% phenol solution and the reaction of awn was sharpest. Phenol reaction was controlled by a dominant gene, named Phr (phenol reaction) which was located on chromosome 2. All the wild strains of various Hordeum species showed a positive reaction to phenol indicating it was the prototype of the trait. Only 51 accessions of cultivated barley showed negative reaction to phenol. They were distributed along the so-called Silk-road and the type of variety was limited suggesting that it was a rather new mutation which occurred in the Middle East. Synteny of the chromosome region involving the phenol reaction gene in some gramineous plants was discussed.  相似文献   

Evaluation of duodenal perfusion by contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy and intestinal lymphoma     

Khoirun Nisa  Sue Yee Lim  Masayoshi Shinohara  Tatsuyuki Osuga  Nozomu Yokoyama  Masahiro Tamura  Noriyuki Nagata  Kazuyoshi Sasaoka  Angkhana Dermlim  Rommaneeya Leela‐Arporn  Tomoya Morita  Noboru Sasaki  Keitaro Morishita  Kensuke Nakamura  Hiroshi Ohta  Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):559-568

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Retardation of pine wilt disease symptom development in Japanese black pine seedlings exposed to simulated acid rain and inoculated withBursaphelenchus xylophilus     

Ei-ichiro Asai  Kazuyoshi Futai 《Journal of Forest Research》2001,6(4):297-302

Three- or 4-year-old Japanese black pine seedlings were exposed to simulated acid rain (SAR) at pH 3 for two months, then inoculated with a virulent isolate (S 10) of pinewood nematodes. The experiments were repeated three times in 1996–1998. The exposure to SAR killed no seedlings, and retarded the development of disease symptoms in the seedlings inoculated with nematodes. In the experiments in 1996 and 1997, however, cessation of resin exudation, and primary decrease in the xylem conductivity occurred earlier in the seedlings exposed to SAR than in those exposed to tap water as a control. These results imply that acid rain at pH 3 influenced an increase in some resistance of Japanese black pine seedlings to pinewood nematode, and that this improved resistance could potentially overcome damage caused by acid rain. The exposure to SAR did not have any significant effect on the water relations of the seedlings itself, suggesting that retardation of the symptom development after the exposure to SAR could not be attributed to the improvement in the water relations. This work was supported in part by a Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Forest Technical Association (JAFTA).  相似文献   

The role of litter and humus layer as a mortality factor of seedlings of Japanese red pine,Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.     

Junichi Kikuchi  Souichirou Iida  Tamio Akema  Kazuyoshi Futai 《Journal of Forest Research》1996,1(1):37-40

The process of decrease in seedlings of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb.et Zucc.) and the effect of litter and humus layers on the mortality were studied in their stand and adjacent bare land. After the rainy season, only small number of individuals died in the bare land but more seedlings died in the forest. The number of seedlings killed by drought was greater in the forest than in the bare land. The population of naturally occurring current year seedlings was larger in the forest than in the bare land, but that of 1- to 5-year-old seedlings was smaller. Severe summer drought exceeding the permanent wilting point was observed only in the forest F-H horizon where greater part of seedling roots distributed, this may be one of major mortality factors. Inhibitory substances to seedling growth in fresh fallen pine needles were also suggested.  相似文献   

Role of asymptomatic carrier trees in epidemic spread of pine wilt disease     

Futai  Kazuyoshi 《Journal of Forest Research》2003,8(4):253-260

To determine why pine wilt disease caused by the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) recurs in the same pine stand even after thorough eradication of dead pine trees, the amount of oleoresin exudation from artificial wounds was measured from 72 Pinus koraiensis trees, highly susceptible to this disease, for 4 years. The amount of exuded oleoresin was rated from 0 to 4. All values obtained for each tree were summed at each measurement; thereby a cumulative curve was drawn to monitor the physiological condition of each test tree. Cumulative curves suggest that some pine trees that died had already been infected in the previous year or earlier and then had survived without any visible symptoms. If cessation of oleoresin exudation delays, and overlaps with activity of Monochamus alternatus, the vector beetle of pinewood nematodes, in the following season, such trees can be referred to as latent carriers or asymptomatic carriers. They could play a significant role as attractants for M. alternatus that could then transmit B. xylophilus to neighboring trees. Behavior of M. alternatus caged with several pine seedlings, only one of which acted as an asymptomatic carrier of B. xylophilus, confirmed this idea. The presence of asymptomatic pine trees, which harbored B. xylophilus nematodes or had reduced annual elongation, near stumps of newly dead trees in the study stand also substantiated this hypothesis.  相似文献   

Presence of surfactant proteins in the uteri and placentae of pregnant mares     

Masanari ARAKI  Tadatoshi OHTAKI  Junpei KIMURA  Seiji HOBO  Kazuyoshi TAYA  Nobuo TSUNODA  Hiroyuki TANIYAMA  Shigehisa TSUMAGARI  Yasuo NAMBO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(7):1167

Immunohistochemical investigations of the expression of surfactant protein A (SP-A) and surfactant protein D (SP-D) in the uterine and placental tissues of 13 pregnant mares were performed using anti-horse monoclonal primary antibodies. Strong positive reactions for both SP-A and SP-D were observed in the trophoblasts in the microcotyledons of the placentae at 182 to 314 days of gestation; in uterine glandular epithelial cells, faint-to-weak reactions were observed during gestation. This study describes, for the first time, the changes in the SP-A and SP-D expression levels in the endometrium of mares during gestation; the SP-A and SP-D expression levels increased after the second trimester of gestation.  相似文献   

Expression of inhibin/activin subunits in the ovaries of fetal and neonatal mice     

Weng Q  Wang H  S Medan M  Jin W  Xia G  Watanabe G  Taya K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(5):607-616

In the present study, the expression of inhibin/activin subunits in the mouse ovary from 13 days post-coitus (dpc) to 30 days postpartum (dpp) was investigated. Circulating FSH, LH, inhibin A, and inhibin B in neonatal to 30 dpp ovaries were measured. Inhibin/activin subunits (alpha, beta(A), beta(B) ) were weakly stained in 13 dpc ovarian stromal cells and increased with age. Inhibin alpha subunit was immunolocalized in follicular granulosa cells at each developmental stage. In 30 dpp ovaries, several large antral follicles were strongly stained for inhibin alpha subunit. Inhibin beta(A) subunit was weakly immunolocalized in granulosa cells until 20 dpp. Moreover, 2 to 3 antral follicles from 20 to 30 dpp were strongly stained for inhibin beta(A) subunit. There was relatively high immunoactivity for inhibin beta(B) subunit in neonatal to 30 dpp mouse ovaries. All three inhibin subunits were stained in theca-interstitial cells from 15 dpp onward. RIA data showed that a temporal increase in circulating FSH occurred around 10 dpp, while the plasma concentrations of LH were sustained at a relatively higher level from 8 to 15 dpp. Inhibin B was detectable in circulation early at 1 dpp (day of birth), and a clear increase in inhibin B occurred around 8 dpp. Circulating inhibin B gradually increased from 20 dpp to 30 dpp, indicating a negative correlation with FSH. Inhibin A levels were only measured on 25 and 30 dpp, and the levels were low. These results suggest that inhibins play an important role in early folliculogenesis in mice. In addition, inhibin B seems to be the main functional isoform from the neonatal to prepubertal stage in the mouse ovary.  相似文献   

Age-related changes of reproductive hormones in young Meishan boars     

Kanematsu N  Jin W  Watanabe G  Taya K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(5):651-656

Meishan pigs are known for their early sexual maturity. On the other hand, they grow slowly. There is no information currently available about the combination of these two characteristics in Meishan pigs. To study the developmental characteristics of Meishan pigs, the plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, inhibin, testosterone, estradiol-17beta, progesterone and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in young Meishan boars were determined using RIA and ELISA. Inhibin decreased with age in weeks, while testosterone and estradiol-17 beta increased. Testosterone increased gradually, and an increase in estradiol-17beta occurred after sexual maturity. IGF-I increased before puberty and subsequently decreased just after puberty like a pubertal IGF-1 surge. FSH, LH and progesterone did not change with age. There was no significant correlation among the hormones. During the experimental period, the Meishan boars showed large individual differences. These differences may depend on the fact that Meishan boar reach maturity at 12 weeks of age and continue to grow thereafter.  相似文献   

The effect of active immunization against inhibin on gonadotropin secretions and follicular dynamics during the estrous cycle in cows   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Medan MS  Takedom T  Aoyagi Y  Konishi M  Yazawa S  Watanabe G  Taya K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(1):107-113

The hypothesis of the present study is that active immunization of cows against inhibin would neutralize endogenous inhibin, increase circulating levels of follicle stimulating hormone, and subsequently affect follicular dynamics and the ovulation rate during the estrous cycle. Thirteen cows were immunized against inhibin alpha-subunit and, 6 cows were immunized with a placebo. Both groups were given 4 booster immunizations 7, 14, 21, and 34 weeks after the primary injection. Ovaries were examined daily after the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th booster immunizations by transrectal ultrasonography for 25 days. After the 4th booster immunization, blood samples were collected daily for one complete estrous cycle to measure FSH and LH. The results showed that the immunized cows generated antibodies against inhibin, and that they had higher FSH levels compared with the controls. The number of follicular waves during the estrous cycle was higher in the immunized cows (3 or 4 waves) than in the controls (2 or 3 waves). Moreover, the immunized cows had a greater number of follicles during the estrous cycle compared with the control cows. The maximum number of follicles was 14.8 +/- 1.7 vs 5.4 +/- 0.2 in inhibin-immunized and control cows, respectively, during the first follicular wave and 13.9 +/- 1.9 vs 5.6 +/- 0.7, respectively, during the ovulatory wave. Multiple ovulations were increased in the immunized cows. However, the ovulation rate varied greatly in the immunized animals. In conclusion, immunization against inhibin increased FSH secretions during the estrous cycle in the cows. Moreover, the immunized cows had a greater number of follicular waves during the estrous cycle and a greater number of follicles, and this could be used as a potential source of oocytes for use in IVF/embryo transfer programs.  相似文献   

Development and biological properties of a new live attenuated mumps vaccine     

Saika S  Kidokoro M  Kubonoya H  Ito K  Ohkawa T  Aoki A  Nagata N  Suzuki K 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2006,29(2-3):89-99

To develop a new live attenuated mumps vaccine, a wild mumps Y7 strain isolated from a patient who developed mild parotitis was treated with nitrosoguanidine and ultraviolet, followed by selection of a temperature-sensitive clone. The selected clone, Y125, showed stable temperature-sensitivity in Vero cells. Intraspinal inoculation of marmosets with the Y125 produced only minimal histopathological changes, while intracerebral inoculation of neonatal rats revealed that the Y125 did not cause hydrocephalus. Both these effects of the Y125 were similar to those of the non-neurovirulent Jeryl Lynn strain. Furthermore, subcutaneous inoculation of the Y125 induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies in all Cercopithecus monkeys examined. Although the safety and immunogenicity should be confirmed in further field trials in humans, the present results indicate that the Y125 could be a promising vaccine candidate.  相似文献