长白山东方蜜蜂形态特征研究^*   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张连江  樊贤  谭垦  和绍禹 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,21(4):511-516

 通过测定长白山6个不同样点17群东方蜜蜂的38个形态特征并采用计算机进行数据分析,得出长白山东方蜜蜂可分为3个类群。同邻近国家(日本、韩国)及中国部分地区的东方蜜蜂形态数据进行分析发现,长白山东方蜜蜂与日本、韩国的东方蜜蜂归于1个类群,由于长白山的气候及自然地理条件而形成多个小的生态区域,长白山东方蜜蜂在小区域内自成繁殖体系,各个生态区域间蜜蜂个体体色差异较大,体型大小差异不大。  相似文献   

胡蜂与蜜蜂的防御行为研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

谭垦  余玉生  刘意秋  周丹银  和绍禹 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,19(5):584-588

 在19.4℃气温条件下,选择东方蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂各3群进行蜜蜂激怒时的结团温度的试验研究,刺激物分别为半导体点温仪器的铜线头和活体胡蜂,在蜂群内放入刺激物后每隔15 s做一次温度记录。结果发现,在东方蜜蜂群内,蜂群对两种刺激物的结团蜜蜂数在25～32只之间;温度在210 s左右的时间内分别达到44.6 ℃和45.0 ℃,其中,刺激物为铜线头的结团温度最高可以达到45.0 ℃, 而刺激物为活体胡蜂的结团温度最高可以达到45.6 ℃;在西方蜜蜂群内,蜂群对两种刺激物的结团蜜蜂数在18～26只之间;蜂群对两种刺激物的结团温度在210 s左右的时间内分别达到42.2 ℃和 44.1 ℃,其中刺激物为铜线头的结团温度最高可以达到42.7 ℃,而刺激物为活体胡蜂的结团温度最高可以达到44.4 ℃.在恒温箱的耐温试验里,20 min内,黑盾胡蜂的最高耐温极限温度为46 ℃,而东方蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂的最高耐温极限温度却分别为51 ℃和52 ℃.另外, 选择云南高原温带型东方蜜蜂和云南低海拔热带型东方蜜蜂各2群,在蜂箱门口用活体黑盾胡蜂（Vespa velutina）干扰蜜蜂采集活动,干扰的时间分别为3 min,6 min和12 min. 每 min为一计数单位,记录蜜蜂采集蜂飞出的数量。结果发现:蜜蜂采集蜂飞出的数量随干扰时间的增加而明显下降,干扰的时间越长,蜜蜂采集蜂恢复到正常数量的时间就越长;高原温带型东方蜜蜂和低海拔热带型东方蜜蜂在胡蜂干扰时的在数量变化有着明显的差异,后者对胡蜂的干扰比前者更为敏感(P<0.05）。  相似文献   

枸杞光合特性评价及高光效指标筛选     

何昕孺  王玉静  李妍颖  张波  黄婷  尹跃  段淋渊  秦垦  戴国礼 《西北农业学报》2022,(7):893-901

通过对枸杞种质的光合特性进行综合评价,以期筛选出高光效种质,为枸杞品种选育提供参考依据。采用大田试验,连续2 a对76份枸杞种质材料的光合气体交换参数、叶片物理性状指标进行测定,利用主成分分析、层次分析法、聚类分析法对枸杞种质的光合特性进行综合评价,筛选出合理的高光效评价指标。结果表明：枸杞种质间净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率、水分利用率、叶面积、叶鲜质量、叶干质量均存在极显著差异,其中气孔导度、叶鲜质量、叶干质量、比叶重、叶面积的变异系数大,为46.3%~57.6%,胞间CO₂浓度、水分利用率的变异系数小,在10.9%～27.4%。利用主成分分析,提取到3个主成分,累计贡献率达86.88%,具有代表性,筛选出净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率、叶面积、叶鲜质量、比叶重作为评价指标,通过层次分析法得出权重值依次为蒸腾速率＞比叶重＞叶鲜质量＞气孔导度＞叶面积＞净光合速率＞胞间CO₂浓度。通过聚类分析将76份材料划分为3种类型,低光效型6个,中等光效型51个,高光效型19个。利用判别分析对聚类结果重新进行分类,只有1个材料被误判,总误判率为1.32%,判对的概率为98.68%,分类结果可靠,可为后续新品种选育提供材料。  相似文献   

The changes in proximate compositions and glycogen contents in the dorsal ordinary muscles of the full-cycle cultured Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis occurring with growth     

Yoshi -Nori Nakamura  Masashi Ando  Manabu Seoka  Ken -Ichi Kawasaki  Yasuyuki Tsukamasa 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(6):1140-1146

ABSTRACT:   Using full-cycle cultured (FC) Pacific bluefin tuna (body length [BL], 42.6–66.4 cm; body weight [BW], 1.66–7.40 kg, n  = 15), the changes in chemical compositions and histological structure of the cephalal parts of the dorsal ordinary muscles (DOM) occurring with growth were investigated. A positive correlation ( r  = 0.9644, P  < 0.05) was observed between BL and BW with growth. The protein, lipid and ash contents of DOM and condition factor did not change with growth. However, the glycogen content of DOM increased ( P  < 0.05) from approximately 55 cm (BL) in this study. Using optical microscopic photographs, the various shapes of muscle fibers were observed and it was noted that the muscle fiber diameter increased ( P  < 0.05) with growth. Using transmission electron microscopic observation, many glycogen granules were observed in muscle fibers (especially, side of connective tissue) of DOM throughout the growth stage in this study. These results indicate that the glycogen content of DOM of FC Pacific bluefin tuna increases before the lipid with growth.  相似文献   

Effect of activation methods for bovine oocytes after intracytoplasmic injection   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ikumi S  Asada M  Sawai K  Fukui Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2003,49(1):37-43

A principal nuclear transfer procedure is to inject a donor cell into the perivitelline space in an enucleated oocyte and then electric fusion is performed (cell fusion method). The effects of activation methods in reconstructed oocytes for the serum-starved somatic cell cloning procedure were investigated in this study by means of intracytoplasmic injection (i.c.i.). Bovine oocytes were enucleated at 18-22 h for in vitro maturation, and subsequently the nucleus of cumulus cell collected from Japanese Black Bulls (JBCC) after 5-7 days of starved culture was injected into the recipient cytoplast with a piezo-micromanipulator. At 1 h after i.c.i., reconstructed oocytes were stimulated with ethanol (ET) or calcium ionophore (CaI) as the first activation treatment, followed by cycloheximide (CHX) or 6-dimethylaminopurin (DMAP) treatment as the second activation. In the experiment on the first activation method, the proportion of reconstructed oocytes developing to the blastocyst stage was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the ET activation method than that with CaI (10.5% and 4.7%, respectively). And the experiment on the second activation method after ET treatment showed similar proportions of blastocyst development in both CHX and DMAP treatments (5.9% and 2.8%, respectively). The present results indicated that combined activation treatment with ET and CHX was efficient for reconstructed bovine oocytes by i.c.i.  相似文献   

Clinical response of ovarian cysts in dairy cows after PRID treatment     

Zulu VC  Nakao T  Yamada K  Moriyoshi M  Nakada K  Sawamukai Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(1):57-62

We investigated the therapeutic effects of a progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) on cystic ovarian disease (COD) and reproduction performance of cows. The possible influence of PRID on metabolic and/or health status was also examined. A total of 40 Holstein-Friesian cattle, with ovarian cystic structures, > or =2.5 cm in diameter, persisting for more than 7-14 days, without a corpus luteum (CL) were used for the study. PRID or placebos were inserted into the vagina for 12 days. Five animals lost the intravaginal device before removal and one was culled. Based on plasma progesterone concentration on the day of treatment, 20 (17 PRID and 3 placebos) of the remaining 34 cows had follicular cysts (progesterone < or =1 ng/ml) and 14 (10 PRID and 4 placebos) had luteal cysts (progesterone >1 ng/m l). Fourteen (82%) of the PRID-treated follicular cystic cows responded with formation of a CL within 14 days after treatment, and an overall conception rate of 53.8%. Likewise, 70% of the treated luteal cystic cows responded with CL formation and 71.4% conception rate. No significant differences were observed in hematocrit (Ht), white blood cell count and serum levels of glucose, blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, between the day of PRID insertion and removal, in animals with follicular and luteal cysts. PRID treatment resulted in ovulation 2-4 days later and formation of a CL in cows that recovered.  相似文献   

Experimental infection of recent field isolates of feline herpesvirus type 1     

Hamano M  Maeda K  Mizukoshi F  Une Y  Mochizuki M  Tohya Y  Akashi H  Kai K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(8):939-943

Two field isolates of feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) designated as 00-015 and 00-035, were obtained from cats diagnosed as feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR) in Japan. To analyze the character of recent FHV-1, these two isolates and our laboratory strain C7301 were inoculated experimentally to specific-pathogen-free cats. Although all cats showed typical FVR symptoms, more severe clinical symptoms were observed on cats infected with the isolates 00-015 and 00-035 compared with those of C7301-infected cats. Severe ocular lesions including conjunctivitis were found in the cats infected with the isolates, indicating that the recent FHV-1 has a potential to induce severe FVR symptoms including ocular lesions.  相似文献   

Detection of CAP59 gene in 2 feline cases of systemic cryptococcosis     

Okabayashi K  Kano R  Sirouzu K  Yanai T  Mizuno M  Yamamura H  Saegusa S  Hasegawa A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(8):953-955

Two feline cases were diagnosed as systemic cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus neoformans (teleomorph: Filobasidiella neoformans) by PCR assay with CAP59 gene primers using urine, serum and biopsy samples. The results of molecular analysis were consistent with the mycological findings.  相似文献   

Percutaneous ultrasound-guided over-the-wire catheterization of the portal and hepatic vessels in cattle     

Mohamed T  Oikawa S  Nakada K  Kurosawa T  Sawamukai Y  Sato H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(7):821-824

A new method for catheterization of the portal and hepatic veins in cattle by means of the over-the-wire system was investigated to maintain more reliable long-term patency of catheters. Four cattle were used to evaluate the success rate, patency and safety of the procedure. The catheters, coated by urokinase were patent as long as they were in situ. In addition, the introducer was useful to prevent the catheter from being broken. No complications developed during the10 days after the procedure. Two cows were then euthanized. Post mortem findings were minimal. The results of the study reported here are promising, the benefits are significant and there is no apparent disadvantage to its use.  相似文献   

Identification of endotrypanum species from a sloth,a squirrel and Lutzomyia sandflies in ecuador by PCR amplification and sequencing of the mini-exon gene     

Katakura K  Mimori T  Furuya M  Uezato H  Nonaka S  Okamoto M  Gomez L EA  Hashiguchi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(5):649-653

PCR amplification and nucleotide sequencing of the mini-exon gene revealed that four strains isolated from a sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni), a squirrel (Sciurus granatensis) and two sandflies (Lutzomyia hartmanni) in Ecuador were indistinguishable from Endotrypanum monterogeii. Another strain isolated from Lu. hartmanni showed the high sequence similarity to E. schaudinni. Since three of these strains have been previously identified as Leishmania (Viannia) equatorensis, the results demonstrate that L. (V.) equatorensis is genetically closely related to the genus Endotrypanum. The present study also indicates that Endotrypanum species are distributed in arboreal animals and sandflies in Ecuador, and that mini-exon gene amplification is useful for epidemiological studies of Leishmania and Endotrypanum in the New World.  相似文献