Detection of activated platelets in canine blood by use of flow cytometry   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Wills TB  Wardrop KJ  Meyers KM 《American journal of veterinary research》2006,67(1):56-63

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether markers of platelet activation, including P-selectin expression, phosphatidylserine exposure, platelet-leukocyte aggregates, and microparticle formation, could be measured in nonstimulated and stimulated canine blood samples and develop a standardized protocol for detection of activated platelet markers in canine blood. SAMPLE POPULATION: Blood samples from 10 dogs. PROCEDURE: Platelet activation was determined by flow cytometric measurement of platelets with P-selectin expression, platelet-leukocyte aggregates, platelet microparticles, and platelets with phosphatidylserine exposure. Changes in specific markers of platelet activation in nonstimulated versus stimulated samples were assessed by use of varying concentrations of 2 platelet agonists, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and adenosine diphosphate. Flow cytometry was used to detect platelet CD61 (glycoprotein IIIa), CD62P (P-selectin), and the leukocyte marker CD45. Annexin V was used to identify exposed phosphatidylserine. RESULTS: A significant difference was detected in the percentages of platelets with P-selectin, plateletleukocyte aggregates, microparticles, and platelets with annexin V exposure (phosphatidylserine) in samples stimulated with 10nM PAF versus the nonstimulated samples, with platelet-leukocyte aggregates having the greatest difference. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Platelet activation is essential for thrombus formation and hemostasis and may be potentially useful for evaluation of dogs with suspected thromboembolic disease. Prior to development of a thrombotic state, a prothrombotic state may exist in which only a small number of platelets is activated. Identification of a prothrombotic state by use of activated platelets may help direct medical intervention to prevent a thromboembolic episode.  相似文献   

Sources of Resistance to Whitefly (Bemisia spp.) in Wild Populations of Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme (Dunal) Spooner G.J. Anderson et R.K. Jansen in Northwestern Mexico     

Pedro Sánchez-Peña  Ken Oyama  Juan Núñez-Farfán  Juan Fornoni  Sergio Hernández-Verdugo  Judith Márquez-Guzmán  José Antonio Garzón-Tiznado 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(4):711-719

Genetic variability of wild populations, closely related to domesticated species, constitute important genetic resources for plant breeding programs. In this paper, we analysed the variation of eight wild populations of Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme in a common garden experiment for levels of plant infestation by whitefly, leaf trichome density as a defensive character preventing infestation by whitefly, and the effect of whitefly incidence into vegetative and reproductive plant characters. Number of adults of whitefly was recorded in the eight wild populations of S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, one population of the wild species S. habrochaites (C-360), and one of a cultivated variety of S. lycopersicum (Rio Grande). There were significant differences among the wild populations of S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme in the average level of whitefly incidence and trichome density. Cultivated tomatoes had the higher incidence of whiteflies ( = 7.50 ± 0.14) followed by plants of S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme ( = 2.02 ± 0.92) and plants of S. habrochaites with the lowest incidence ( = 0.36 ± 0.35). Whitefly incidence was negatively correlated with trichome density (r = − 0.38, p < 0.0001), suggesting that trichomes deter or limit the establishment of whiteflies. Additionally, a significant negative effect of whitefly incidence along the growing season upon plant growth rate (number of branches and height) and fruit production was detected.  相似文献   

Soluble starch synthase I effects differences in amylopectin structure between indica and japonica rice varieties     

Takemoto-Kuno Y  Suzuki K  Nakamura S  Satoh H  Ohtsubo K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(24):9234-9240

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Pole and global shape of 25143 Itokawa     

Demura H  Kobayashi S  Nemoto E  Matsumoto N  Furuya M  Yukishita A  Muranaka N  Morita H  Shirakawa K  Maruya M  Ohyama H  Uo M  Kubota T  Hashimoto T  Kawaguchi J  Fujiwara A  Saito J  Sasaki S  Miyamoto H  Hirata N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5778):1347-1349

The locations of the pole and rotation axis of asteroid 25143 Itokawa were derived from Asteroid Multiband Imaging Camera data on the Hayabusa spacecraft. The retrograde pole orientation had a right ascension of 90.53 degrees and a declination of -66.30 degrees (52000 equinox) or equivalently 128.5 degrees and -89.66 degrees in ecliptic coordinates with a 3.9 degrees margin of error. The surface area is 0.393 square kilometers, the volume is 0.018378 cubic kilometers with a 5% margin of error, and the three axis lengths are 535 meters by 294 meters by 209 meters. The global Itokawa revealed a boomerang-shaped appearance composed of two distinct parts with partly faceted regions and a constricted ring structure.  相似文献   

The effect of pelleting on in situ rumen degradability of compound feed containing brown rice for dairy cows          下载免费PDF全文

Shin‐ichi Tagawa  Norio Yoshida  Yukihiro Iino  Ken‐ichi Horiguchi  Toshiyoshi Takahashi  Maria Watanabe  Kei Takemura  Syuhei Ito  Toyoji Mikami 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):185-189

This study was conducted to determine the effect of pelleting on in situ dry matter degradability of pelleted compound feed containing brown rice for dairy cows. Mash feed of the same composition was used as a control and the in situ study was conducted using three non‐lactating Holstein steers fitted with a rumen cannula. The feeds contained 32.3% brown rice, 19.4% rapeseed meal, 11.4% wheat bran and 10.6% soybean meal (fresh weight basis). Except for moisture content, the chemical composition of the feed was not affected by pelleting. In situ dry matter disappearance of the feed increased from 0 to 2 h and after 72 h of incubation with pellet processing. Integration of the dry matter disappearance values over time revealed that degradability parameter a (soluble fraction) increased with pellet processing, whereas parameter b (potentially degradable fraction) decreased. Parameter c (fractional rate of degradation) and effective degradability (5% passage rate) were not affected by pellet processing. We concluded that pellet processing promotes rumen degradability at early incubation hours when the pelleted feed contains brown rice.  相似文献   

Generation of recombinant bovine interferon tau in the human embryonic kidney cell line and its biological activity          下载免费PDF全文

Toru Takahashi  Ryosuke Sakumoto  Ken‐Go Hayashi  Misa Hosoe  Junsuke Shirai  Kazuyoshi Hashizume 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(10):1498-1505

The objective of this study was to generate recombinant bovine interferon tau (rbIFNT) in mammalian hosts. The complementary DNA encoding bovine IFNT2 was cloned for the construction of pRcRSV‐bIFNT2 expression vector. The expression vector was transfected to 293 cells. Transfected cells harboring expression vector were selected with G418. Highly expressing clonal line was adapted to serum‐free suspension culture in a spinner flask. The recombinant protein had 24 kDa apparent molecular mass, suggesting being expressed as a glycoprotein, and was purified from serum‐free conditioned medium by the combination of Diethylaminoethanol Sepharose ion exchange and Sephacryl S‐200 HR gel filtration. A total of 7.3 mg rbIFNT was obtained from 13.5 L conditioned medium. Generated rbIFNT was biologically active in terms of antiviral activity measured by the plaque inhibition assay with Madin‐Darby bovine kidney cells and the vesicular stomatitis virus. The recombinant protein was also utilized for immunization to raise antibodies in the rabbit. The generated antibody was capable of use in both Western blotting and the binding assay. The results in the present study suggest that a certain amount of rbIFNT is raised in mammalian hosts by using conventional plasmid vector and its antibody provides useful tools for studies in the biology of bovine IFNT.  相似文献   

Markers to differentiate species of anthracnose fungi identify <Emphasis Type="Italic">Colletotrichum fructicola</Emphasis> as the predominant virulent species in strawberry plants in Chiba Prefecture of Japan     

Pamela Gan  Nanako Nakata  Takeshi Suzuki  Ken Shirasu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(1):14-22

Colletotrichum fungi belonging to the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex include a number of economically important postharvest pathogens that often cause anthracnose. Until now, different species within this group could only be distinguished from one another reliably using multigenic phylogenetic analyses. Using a comparative genomics approach, we developed a marker that can differentiate Colletotrichum fructicola, Colletotrichum aenigma and Colletotrichum siamense within the C. gloeosporioides species complex based on PCR amplicon size differences. When we used this marker to classify 115 isolates collected over 20 years from strawberries in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, the isolates were predominantly C. fructicola. To our knowledge, this is the first report characterizing different species of Colletotrichum infecting strawberries in Japan and contributes to our understanding on the diversity of anthracnose pathogens in Japan.  相似文献   

International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine Consensus Guidelines for On-Site Management and Transport of Patients in Canyoning Incidents     

Giacomo Strapazzon  Oliver Reisten  Fabien Argenone  Ken Zafren  Greg Zen-Ruffinen  Gordon L. Larsen  Inigo Soteras 《The Forestry Chronicle》2018,29(2):252-265

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Dynamics of soil-derived greenhouse gas emissions from shelterbelts under elevated soil moisture conditions in a semi-arid prairie environment     

Chukwudi C. Amadi  Richard E. Farrell  Ken C. J. Van Rees 《Agroforestry Systems》2018,92(2):321-334

Soil moisture is known to be a major control of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural soils. However, there is little data regarding GHG exchange from the organic matter-rich soils characteristic of shelterbelts—especially under elevated soil moisture conditions. In the present study, we quantified CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O fluxes from shelterbelts under elevated soil moisture (irrigated) and semi-arid (rainfed) conditions. Studies were carried out at the Canada-Saskatchewan Irrigation Diversification Centre (CSIDC) near Outlook, Saskatchewan. Non-steady state vented chambers were used to monitor soil GHG fluxes from three shelterbelts in 2013 and 2014. The shelterbelts consisted of a single row of caragana with a north–south orientation and a single row of Scots pine with either a north–south or east–west orientation. Each shelterbelt was divided into two areas based on whether or not it received irrigation. During the 2-year study period, N₂O emissions from the irrigated shelterbelts (IR-SB) (0.93 kg N₂O-N ha^?1) were significantly greater than those from the rainfed shelterbelts (RF-SB) (0.49 kg N₂O-N ha^?1). Soil CH₄ oxidation was significantly lower in the IR-SB compared to the RF-SB (?0.85 and ?1.20 kg CH₄-C ha^?1, respectively). Irrigation activities stimulated CO₂ production/emission in 2014, but had no effect on CO₂ emissions during the much drier 2013 season. Correlation analyses indicate a strong dependence of CO₂ and CH₄ fluxes on soil moisture in both IR-SB and RF-SB sites. There was a significant relationship between N₂O emissions and soil moisture for the IR-SB sites in 2013; however, no such relationship was observed in either the IR-SB or RF-SB sites in 2014. Our study suggests that changes in precipitation patterns and soil moisture regime due to climate change could affect soil-atmosphere exchange of GHGs in shelterbelts; however, elevated soil moisture effect on GHG emissions will depend on the availability of N and C in the shelterbelts.  相似文献   

Weeds as the potential inoculum source of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Colletotrichum fructicola</Emphasis> responsible for strawberry anthracnose in Nara,Japan     

Yoshihiko Hirayama  Shunsuke Asano  Ken’o Okayama  Satoshi T. Ohki  Motoaki Tojo 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(1):12-19

Colletotrichum fructicola is a major causal agent among anthracnose pathogens of strawberry in Nara, Japan. We hypothesized that a wide range of weeds growing in and around strawberry fields are inoculum sources of the disease and investigated their potential as hosts of C. fructicola. We also examined the influence of herbicide treatment on C. fructicola sporulation on weeds. The fungus was detected on 31 of 541 (5.7%) leaves sampled from 13 weed species from 2005 to 2008. The fungus was most frequently isolated from leaves of Amaranthus blitum with an isolation frequency of 17.9%; inoculation of A. blitum with the pathogen caused brown leaf spots. Other weeds such as Digitaria ciliaris, Galinsoga ciliata, Solidago altissima, Erigeron annuus, and Sonchus oleraceus were found to harbor the fungus at lower rates (4.3–8.1%) without symptoms. C. fructicola formed acervuli on leaves of A. blitum, D. ciliaris, and S. oleraceus after plants were killed by a herbicide (glyphosate). These results demonstrated that infected weeds associated with strawberry cultivation are potential inoculum sources of C. fructicola, especially after herbicide treatment.  相似文献