Kamp J. 《Journal of pest science》1959,32(1):14

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Estimation of the ideal ratio of true ileal digestible sulfur amino acids:lysine in 8- to 26-kg nursery pigs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gaines AM  Yi GF  Ratliff BW  Srichana P  Kendall DC  Allee GL  Knight CD  Perryman KR 《Journal of animal science》2005,83(11):2527-2534

Four experiments were conducted to determine the ideal ratio of true ileal digestible (TID) sulfur AA to Lys (SAA:LYS) in nursery pigs at two different BW ranges using both DL-Met and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (HMTBA) as Met sources. In Exp. 1, 1,549 nursery pigs (Triumph 4 x PIC Camborough 22; initial BW 8.3 +/- 0.08 kg) were allotted to one of nine dietary treatments. The basal diet (Diet 1) was a semicomplex corn-soybean meal-based diet (1.32% TID Lys) with no supplemental HMTBA or DL-Met (47.7% TID SAA:LYS). Diets 2 to 9 consisted of the basal diet supplemented with four equimolar levels of DL-Met or HMTBA (52.7, 57.7, 62.7, and 67.7% TID SAA:LYS). In Exp. 2, 330 nursery pigs (Triumph 4 x PIC Camborough 22; initial BW 11.4 +/- 0.10 kg) were allotted to one of nine dietary treatments. The basal diet (Diet 1) was a corn-soybean meal-based diet (1.15% TID Lys) with no supplemental HMTBA or DL-Met (49% TID SAA:LYS). Diets 2 to 9 consisted of the basal diet supplemented with four equimolar levels of DL-Met or HMTBA (54, 59, 64, and 69% TID SAA:LYS). In Exp. 3, 1,544 nursery pigs (Triumph 4 x PIC Camborough 22; initial BW 12.4 +/- 0.13 kg) were allotted to one of nine dietary treatments as in Exp. 2. In Exp. 4, 343 nursery pigs (Genetiporc; initial BW 12.8 +/- 0.56 kg) were allotted to one of six dietary treatments. The basal diet (Diet 1) was a corn-soybean meal-based diet (1.05% TID Lys) with no supplemental DL-Met (49% TID SAA:LYS). Diets 2 to 5 consisted of the basal diet supplemented with four levels of DL-Met (54, 59, 64, and 69% TID SAA:LYS), and Diet 6 was the basal diet supplemented with one equimolar level of HMTBA to satisfy 59% TID SAA:LYS ratio. In all experiments, increasing the TID SAA:LYS ratio resulted in quadratic improvements in ADG (P < or = 0.09) and G:F (P < or = 0.05). Three different methods were used to estimate the optimal TID SAA:LYS ratio for each experiment. The two-slope broken-line regression model, x-intercept value of the broken-line and quadratic curve, and 95% of upper asymptote across the four experiments indicated that the average optimal TID SAA:LYS ratios were 59.3, 60.1, and 57.7% for ADG and 60.6, 61.7, and 60.1% for G:F, respectively. Thus, the optimal TID SAA:LYS ratio for 8- to 26-kg pigs based on the average value of these three estimates was 59.0% for ADG and 60.8% for G:F.  相似文献   

The relationship of soil province to molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Cryptosporidium parvum isolated from calves in Georgia     

Miller DL  Mauel MJ  Liggett A  Hines ME  Frazier KS  Pence M  Whittington L  Baldwin CA 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2006,171(3):478-482

Although Cryptosporidium spp. are found throughout the world and in multiple environmental conditions, few data are available that explore the possibility of an association between specific environmental parameters and the species or strain of Cryptosporidium. This study examines the potential association between a particular Cryptosporidium species/strain found in calves and soil provinces in Georgia, USA. Necropsy cases spanning the years 1996-2002 were tested. No significant differences (P=0.962, chi(2) test of homogeneity) between numbers of positive cases were noted among soil provinces. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences for the PCR products revealed sequence similarity of the products with Cryptosporidium parvum strain C1. Although, clinical Cryptosporidiosis in calves was not found to be affected by soil province and may be caused by a single genotype, other genotypes may be responsible for subclinical infection and warrant further investigation.  相似文献   

Palatability improves young piglets'feed intake     

Jan Vande Ginste 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2012,32(7)

断奶(前)仔猪采食量下降不可避免地会导致其生长放缓,进一步引发整个饲养期经济损失.众所周知,推迟断奶后首次采食的时间将会显著提高断奶后厌食对肠道发育和维护进而对仔猪生产性能的负面影响.因此,在仔猪生长的最早时期优化采食量是仔猪营养师最重要的挑战之一.  相似文献   

Development of a magnetic particle-based enzyme immunoassay for the determination of penoxsulam in water     

Rubio DR  Kamp LM  Heilman M  Williams L  Rubio FM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(17):7606-7612

A competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for the quantitation of Penoxsulam [2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-6-(trifluoromethyl-N-(5,8-dimethoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-2-yl))benzenesulfonamide] in ground and surface waters was developed. This immunoassay utilizes magnetic particles as the solid phase to which polyclonal rabbit anti-Penoxsulam antibodies are attached. The ELISA has an estimated detection limit of 0.17 ppb (microg/mL) of Penoxsulam in water. Specificity studies indicate that the antibody can distinguish Penoxsulam from its major metabolites and structurally similar pesticides. Interference studies indicate that the ELISA has a wide tolerance of sample pH and salinity and for compounds commonly found in surface and ground waters. The ELISA was shown to compare favorably to LC-MS/MS on ground and surface water samples (r(2) = 0.957). The various studies performed demonstrate the usefulness of the ELISA technique as a rapid and high-throughput analytical method for the cost-effective monitoring of water samples.  相似文献   

Oral infection with a Shiga toxin-negative Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain elicits humoral and cellular responses but does not protect sheep from colonisation with the homologous strain     

Vande Walle K  De Zutter L  Cox E 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,148(2-4):317-322

We have previously shown that rectally inoculated sheep excrete Escherichia coli O157:H7 during weeks to months without developing a clear antibody response. However, antibodies against this bacterium were observed in naturally infected sheep, which most likely became orally infected. To understand this difference, sheep were orally inoculated with the same Shiga toxin-negative E. coli O157:H7 strain that was used for the rectal inoculation. A primary oral inoculation resulted in shedding of E. coli O157:H7 in the faeces and detection of antibody responses against intimin, EspA and EspB. The antibody titres waned as shedding decreased. A secondary inoculation resulted in longer shedding, even though a booster antibody response occurred. Cellular responses followed a similar pattern as the antibody levels, albeit with a lower secondary response. The presence of antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells indicates involvement of both a systemic response in the spleen and a local immune response in the terminal rectum. These results suggest that E. coli O157:H7 has to pass the small intestine to evoke antibody responses.  相似文献   

Effect of farm management on topsoil organic carbon and aggregate stability in water: A case study from Southwest England,UK     

Sarah M. Collier  Sophie M. Green  Alex Inman  David W. Hopkins  Hazel Kendall  Molly M. Jahn  Jennifer A. J. Dungait 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):49-62

There are few reliable data sets to inspire confidence in policymakers that soil organic carbon (SOC) can be measured on farms. We worked with farmers in the Tamar Valley region of southwest England to select sampling sites under similar conditions (soil type, aspect and slope) and management types. Topsoils (2–15 cm) were sampled in autumn 2015, and percentage soil organic matter (%SOM) was determined by loss on ignition and used to calculate %SOC. We also used the stability of macroaggregates in cold water (WSA) (‘soil slaking’) as a measure of ‘soil health’ and investigated its relationship with SOC in the clay‐rich soils. %SOM was significantly different between management types in the order woodland (11.1%) = permanent pasture (9.5%) > ley‐arable rotation (7.7%) = arable (7.3%). This related directly to SOC stocks that were larger in fields under permanent pasture and woodland compared with those under arable or ley‐arable rotation whether corrected for clay content (F = 8.500, p < .0001) or not (F = 8.516, p < .0001). WSA scores were strongly correlated with SOC content whether corrected for clay content (SOC_adj R² = .571, p < .0001) or not (SOC_unadj R² = 0.490, p = .002). Time since tillage controlled SOC stocks and WSA scores, accounting for 75.5% and 51.3% of the total variation, respectively. We conclude that (1) SOC can be reliably measured in farmed soils using accepted protocols and related to land management and (2) WSA scores can be rapidly measured in clay soils and related to SOC stocks and soil management.  相似文献   

Radiographic parameters for diagnosing sand colic in horses     

Anna Kendall  Charles Ley  Agneta Egenvall  Johan Br?jer 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2008,50(1):17

Background

Ingestion of sand can cause colic, diarrhoea and weight loss in horses, but these signs are unspecific and can have many other causes. The amount of sand that induces disease may vary between individuals. To avoid over-diagnosing, it is important to determine the amount of sand that can be found in horses without clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease. The aim of this study was to use previously suggested parameters for establishing a radiographic diagnosis of sand colic, and compare these findings between a sand colic group and a control group.

Methods

Abdominal radiographs were obtained in 30 horses with a complaint unrelated to the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, archived abdominal radiographs of 37 clinical cases diagnosed with sand impaction were investigated. The size of the mineral opacity indicative of sand in the abdomen was measured and graded according to a previously published protocol based on height and length. Location, homogeneity, opacity and number of sand accumulations were also recorded.

Results

Twenty out of 30 control horses (66%) had one or more sand accumulations. In the present study; height, length and homogeneity of the accumulations were useful parameters for establishing a diagnosis of sand colic. Radiographically defined intestinal sand accumulation grades of up to 2 was a common finding in horses with no clinical signs from the gastrointestinal tract whereas most of the clinical cases had much larger grades, indicating larger sand accumulations.

Conclusion

Further work to establish a reliable grading system for intestinal sand content is warranted, but a previously proposed grading system based on measurements of height and length may be an alternative for easy assessment of sand accumulations in the meantime. The present study indicates that a grade 1 – 2 sand accumulation in the intestine is a frequent finding in horses. When working up a case with clinical signs from the gastrointestinal tract, one or more accumulations of this grade should not be considered the cause until other possibilities have been ruled out.  相似文献   

Book Review     

Kim Kendall 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(7):441-441

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Retrospective evaluation of 155 adult equids and 21 foals with tetanus in Western,Northern, and Central Europe (2000–2014). Part 1: Description of history and clinical evolution          下载免费PDF全文

Gaby van Galen DVM  PhD  DECEIM  DECVECC  Claude Saegerman DVM  PhD  DECVPH  Joke Rijckaert DVM  Helene Amory DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Lara Armengou DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Barbora Bezdekova DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Inge Durie DVM  DECEIM  Rikke Findshøj Delany DVM  Nathalie Fouché DVM  DVM  Laura Haley MVB  Michael Hewetson BVSc  DECEIM  Rene van den Hoven DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Anna Kendall DVM  DECEIM  Fernando Malalana DVM  DECEIM  MRCVS  Jessika Muller Cavalleri DVM  DECEIM  PhD  Tresemiek Picavet DVM  DECEIM  PhD  Katja Roscher DVM  DECEIM  Denis Verwilghen DVM  PhD  DECVS  Meret Wehrli Eser DVM  DECEIM  Cornélie Westermann DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Tim Mair BVSc  PhD  DECEIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(6):684-696

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