Effect of an adenoviral vector that expresses the canine p53 gene on cell growth of canine osteosarcoma and mammary adenocarcinoma cell lines     

Yazawa M  Setoguchi A  Hong SH  Uyama R  Nakagawa T  Kanaya N  Nishimura R  Sasaki N  Masuda K  Ohno K  Tsujimoto H 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(7):880-888

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Genetic analysis of shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from cattle in a limited region     

Kenichi OTAWA  Masaaki SATO  Takako SASAKI  Hiraku SASAKI  Jun NONAKA  Kikuji ITO  Toshio KUROKI  Yutaka NAKAI 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(3):261-269

The ecology of shiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) is important in the animal production environment. We investigated fecal shedding of STEC in one town in Miyagi, Japan by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting shiga toxin gene 1 (stx₁), gene 2 (stx₂) and malB promoter gene, and analyzed the PCR products of stx₁ or stx₂ (54 samples) by direct sequencing. Three of 46 (6.5%) beef cattle in the University Farm of Tohoku University (Kawatabi Farm) and 11 of 70 (15.7%) calves in neighboring dairy farms carried STEC. Rate of detecting genes of stx₁, stx₂ and stx₁₊₂ was 3.4% (4/116), 8.6% (10/116) and 0.9% (1/116), respectively. Serotyping indicated that STEC contaminated farms at different times or through different routes. Isolates harbored no mutation among stx₁, but six (Kawatabi Farm) and 38 (neighboring farms) base substitutions among stx₂, respectively. The diversity of substitutions of stx₂ was observed among farms or even in a farm. Phylogenic analysis revealed that STEC detected in the area were classified into three clusters by the variety of stx₂. Sequence analysis of stx₂ will be one of the tools for clarifying the source of outbreaks and the route of contamination of STEC.  相似文献   

Propagation of bovine coronavirus in clones of the Caco-2 cell line showing different levels of alkaline phosphatase activity     

Kenichi MORI  Yuuki INOUE  Takao MUKAI  Hitoshi OHORI 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(2):253-257

The aim of the present study was to determine whether bovine coronavirus (BCV) has the ability to initiate infection in a human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco‐2, that has been established to spontaneously differentiate after confluence. When Caco‐2 cells were infected with BCV, a titer of 5.5 × 10⁶ plaque‐forming units (p.f.u.)/mL was found in the culture supernatant at 5 days postinfection. Two clones, Caco‐2/CA1 and Caco‐2/CA2, were then isolated by monitoring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and cell proliferation activities. The ALP activity level of CA1 cells was significantly higher than that of CA2 cells, while the level of cell proliferation activity of CA1 was significantly lower than that of CA2. When CA1 and CA2 cells were infected with BCV at confluence, virus hemagglutination (HA) was detected in the culture supernatant at 5 days postinfection for CA1 cells and at 8 days postinfection for CA2 cells. Thus, BCV propagation was substantially delayed in CA2 cells, suggesting that a cellular factor(s) that appears at the differentiation stage may control BCV propagation. BCV‐susceptible CA1 and CA2 cells showing different levels of ALP activity would be useful for further experiments to elucidate the mechanism of BCV propagation.  相似文献   

Extracellular matrix of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Magnaporthe oryzae</Emphasis> may have a role in host adhesion during fungal penetration and is digested by matrix metalloproteinases     

Kanako Inoue  Tomoko Suzuki  Kenichi Ikeda  Shan Jiang  Naoki Hosogi  Gang-Su Hyong  Sizuka Hida  Taku Yamada  Pyoyun Park 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(6):388-398

Spores and infection structures such as germ tubes and appressoria of Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungus causing blast disease of wheat, produced an extracellular matrix (ECM) on the surfaces of host leaves during fungal differentiation. The chemical components and function of the ECM were studied to understand the pathological roles using two immunological techniques and ECM-digesting enzymes. The ECM was characterized by fibrous and amorphous materials, located in the spaces between fungal cell walls and plant cuticles. Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopy suggested that ECM includes components positively reacted with antibodies of four animal cell adhesion factors (collagen VI, vitronectin, fibronectin and laminin) and an animal integrin α3. ECM, incubated on a cellulose membrane, was rapidly digested by matrix metalloproteinases (collagenase and gelatinase B), resulting in the detachment of most infection structures from membrane surfaces. Both ultrastructural observation and immunological responses showed that more ECM was located at the appressoria than at the spores and germ tubes. This result suggested that appressoria needed a powerful adhesion force for aggressive action of penetration pegs into plant cuticles. An erratum to this article can be found at  相似文献   

Wild stock structure of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Girella punctata</Emphasis> in Japan revealed shallow genetic differentiation but subtle substructure in subsidiary distributions     

Tetsuya Umino  Teruyuki Kajihara  Hiroshi Shiozaki  Toshiyuki Ohkawa  Dal-Sang Jeong  Kenichi Ohara 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(4):909-919

Twelve populations of Girella punctata, from widespread locations of the species’ range in Japan and Korea, were screened for sequence variability within the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region (n = 128) and at five polymorphic microsatellite loci (n = 547) to determine the genetic structure maintaining population integrity. mtDNA variability of 132 variable sites within a 334-bp region reveals shallow genetic differentiation across populations. The weak differentiation of G. punctata was partly supported by the screening of five polymorphic microsatellite loci. However, hierarchical analysis of molecular variance and principal component analysis on the basis of allele frequencies in microsatellite loci extracted a subtle substructure in a subsidiary population and in near-subsidiary populations in the semi-enclosed Seto Inland Sea.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the Impacts of Marine Salts and Asian Dust on the Forested Yakushima Island Ecosystem, a World Natural Heritage Site in Japan     

Takanori Nakano  Yoriko Yokoo  Masao Okumura  Seo-Ryong Jean  Kenichi Satake 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(9):5575-5597

To elucidate the influence of airborne materials on the ecosystem of Japan??s Yakushima Island, we determined the elemental compositions and Sr and Nd isotope ratios in streamwater, soils, vegetation, and rocks. Streamwater had high Na and Cl contents, low Ca and HCO₃ contents, and Na/Cl and Mg/Cl ratios close to those of seawater, but it had low pH (5.4 to 7.1), a higher Ca/Cl ratio than seawater, and distinct ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios that depended on the bedrock type. The proportions of rain-derived cations in streamwater, estimated by assuming that Cl was derived from sea salt aerosols, averaged 81?% for Na, 83?% for Mg, 36?% for K, 32?% for Ca, and 33?% for Sr. The Sr value was comparable to the 28?% estimated by comparing Sr isotope ratios between rain and granite bedrock. The soils are depleted in Ca, Na, P, and Sr compared with the parent materials. At Yotsuse in the northwestern side, plants and the soil pool have ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios similar to that of rainwater with a high sea salt component. In contrast, the Sr and Nd isotope ratios of soil minerals in the A and B horizons approach those of silicate minerals in northern China??s loess soils. The soil Ca and P depletion results largely from chemical weathering of plagioclase and of small amounts of apatite and calcite in granitic rocks. This suggests that Yakushima??s ecosystem is affected by large amounts of acidic precipitation with a high sea salt component, which leaches Ca and its proxy (Sr) from bedrock into streams, and by Asian dust-derived apatite, which is an important source of P in base cation-depleted soils.  相似文献   

日本以农协为主推进智慧农业发展经验及对中国的启示     

胡鹤鸣  王应宽  李明  芋生憲司  海津裕  古桥贤一  张洪铎  冈本凉佑  黄金其 《农业工程学报》2024,40(8):299-310

日本农业面临严峻的农业人口老龄化与农业人口减少的问题,且以小型田块和山地耕地居多,农业劳作不便。为了解决上述问题,保障粮食供应,振兴地方经济,日本正大力发展智慧农业。日本农协协助制定了新的农业基本法以及农林水产信息化战略以支持农业的发展,并在农业机械自动化、农用信息系统、农村网络改造、农用航空、植物工厂等方面开展了大量的科技创新与应用,推动了日本现代农业的发展,日本以140.4万人且主体为老龄人口的核心农户实现了近1.3亿人口的主要粮食自给自足。日本农协多层级、多部门、全方位覆盖农业流程的服务,为智慧农业的落地助力。纵观日本智慧农业的发展历程与成效,借鉴其成功经验,对中国农业发展提出如下建议：应当创新农业体制机制,打通信息、人力、资源的流通渠道;优化农村营商环境,发挥好地方、高校、企业等不同主体的优势,立足乡村振兴角度对智慧农业技术进行长期的实证化研究;借鉴日本农协在农业生产、销售、推广、管理上的经验,因地制宜,积极探索,夯实根基,有助于推进中国乡村全面振兴,加快农业农村现代化和建设智慧农业强国。  相似文献   

Evaluation by weight change rate of dairy herd condition     

Kohiruimaki M  Ohtsuka H  Hayashi T  Kimura K  Masui M  Ando T  Watanabe D  Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(9):935-940

The purpose of this study was to clarify whether weight change rate (WCR) is useful in evaluating herd health. Five herds (A, B, C, D, and E) were examined monthly for approximately 1 year to measure both WCR and BCS. WCR was calculated using the following equation: WCR (%) = (body weight of current month-body weight of the preceding month)/body weight of current month x 100. In addition, blood profiles were performed in each herd before and after calving. The incidence of periparturient diseases was higher in Herds A, B, and C compared with Herds D and E. Reproductive performance in Herds A and B was rather poor compared with Herds C, D, and E. There were significantly lower WCRs in Herd A compared with Herd C during the period of day -30 to day 30 after calving. According to the blood profiles, high levels of non-essential fatty acids (NEFA) were observed during the period of day -30 to -1 and high beta-hidroxybutyricacid (BHB) and low levels of glucose were observed at day 30 after calving in Herd A. A marked poor condition in Herd A during the peripaturient period was clearly expressed by low WCR in this experiment. WCR can express body condition of herds and is suggested to be a useful parameter in the determination of herd performance in field experiments.  相似文献   

Comparison of the insulin reaction of peripheral blood T cells between healthy Holstein dairy cows and JB during the periparturient period     

Ohtsuka H  Kitagawa M  Kohiruimaki M  Tanami E  Masui M  Hayashi T  Ando T  Watanabe D  Koiwa M  Sato S  Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(11):1211-1214

To compare the changes in the insulin reaction of Holstein dairy cows and Japanese Black cows (JB) during the periparturient period, the insulin resistance test in vivo and lymphocytes proliferation with insulin in vitro were performed. Ten healthy Holstein dairy cows (Holstein group) and 10 healthy JB cows (JB group) used in this study were observed on days 60, 40, and 20 before calving and days 7 and 20 after calving. In insulin resistance reaction in vivo and in vitro, a low insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate and lymphocyte proliferation with insulin were observed in the Holstein group compared with the JB group during the experimental period. An analysis of the lymphocytes cultured with insulin showed that the percentage of CD4+CD45R- T cells in the Holstein group was significantly lower than that of the JB group before day 20. These findings indicate that T cells reaction to insulin in healthy periparturient Holstein cows is lower than that in Japanese Black.  相似文献   

Measurement for canine IgE using canine recombinant high affinity IgE receptor α chain (FcεRIα)     

Tsukui T  Sakaguchi M  Kurata K  Maeda S  Ohmori K  Masuda K  Tsujimoto H  Iwabuchi S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(7):851-856

To detect allergen-specific IgE in dogs with allergic diseases, we developed a recombinant canine high affinity IgE receptor α chain (FcεRIα)-based IgE detection system. Using the recombinant protein of canine FcεRIα expressed by an Escherichia coli expression system, we could detect house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae) allergen-specific IgE in sera from dogs naturally and experimentally sensitized to this allergen with ELISA and western blotting. The IgE binding activity of recombinant canine FcεRIα on ELISA was impaired by heat treatment of these sera. The specificity of this recombinant canine FcεRIα-based IgE detection system was confirmed by inhibition assays with canine IgE. The recombinant canine FcεRIα-based IgE detection system established in this study offers an alternative tool to measure allergen-specific IgE in dogs.  相似文献