Use of goose red blood cells for detection of infection with psittacine beak and feather disease virus by haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition     

N SEXTON  WJ PENHALE  SL PLANT  DA PASS 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(10):345-347

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Reply     

DA SHUTT  LR FELL 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(12):404-404

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Inhibition of Babesia divergens in cattle by oxytetracycline     

S M Taylor  C T Elliott  J Kenny 《The Veterinary record》1986,118(4):98-102

The effects of continuous oxytetracycline administration on the development of parasitaemia of Babesia divergens during both natural and artificial infections were studied. During natural exposure on grazing heavily infested with Ixodes ricinus, seven out of 42 cattle with no previous exposure to tick-borne diseases were injected every four days with a long acting preparation of oxytetracycline at a dose rate of 20 mg/kg. During the six week grazing period 21 untreated cattle developed a patent parasitaemia of B divergens and all became seropositive by the fluorescent antibody test. In contrast, no parasites were observed in treated cattle and antibody titres remained low. Artificial infections were studied with different dose levels of oxytetracycline and their effects on antibody stimulation noted. First, four groups of cows were infected with 10(8) erythrocytes infected with B divergens, three groups being injected every four days with the long acting oxytetracycline formulation at dose levels of 20, 10 and 5 mg/kg, respectively. The highest level completely inhibited parasite replication and antibody formation; the same was observed in one animal dosed at 10 mg/kg but the remainder, plus those treated at 5 mg/kg, developed both low parasitaemia and high antibody titres. The untreated cows developed severe babesiosis. A further untreated control group was added and three weeks after cessation of oxytetracycline treatment all were infected with 10(9) erythrocytes infected with a homologous isolate of B divergens. The controls, plus those in which the previous infection had been completely inhibited, developed severe clinical babesiosis but the remainder were refractory to parasite development.  相似文献   

Development and reproduction of Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on eggs of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) and pollen     

De Clercq P  Bonte M  Van Speybroeck K  Bolckmans K  Deforce K 《Pest management science》2005,61(11):1129-1132

Due to growing criticism over the use of non-indigenous coccinellids, the two-spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata (L.), has enjoyed increasing attention for aphid biocontrol in Europe. In the current study, eggs of the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, whether or not supplemented with bee pollen, were evaluated as a factitious food for larvae and adults of A. bipunctata. The predator showed slower larval development and lower survival when reared on live pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), than on E. kuehniella eggs. Survival on gamma-irradiated eggs of E. kuehniella was superior to that on frozen flour moth eggs, but other developmental characteristics were similar. Adults of A. bipunctata reared on Ac. pisum were only half as fecund as those offered irradiated or frozen E. kuehniella eggs, but egg hatch was markedly better on live aphids than on flour moth eggs (61 versus 20-27%, respectively). However, when a diet of flour moth eggs was supplemented with frozen moist bee pollen, egg hatch of A. bipunctata was equally as good as on live aphids. Supplementing flour moth eggs with dry pollen did not yield satisfactory results. Only 10% of larvae reached adulthood on moist bee pollen alone and resulting adults weighed less than half as much as those obtained on flour moth eggs. Our findings indicate that A. bipunctata is able to compensate for a suboptimal diet of animal prey by supplementary feeding on flower pollen. It is concluded that pollinivory may be a crucial trait for both the rearing of this natural enemy and its use in biological control programmes.  相似文献   

海西东部及环青海湖地区40多年的气候变化研究   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  

时兴合  李凤霞  扎西才让  达成荣  贾红莉  傅生武 《干旱地区农业研究》2005,23(2):215-222

利用1961～2004年地面观测资料,分析了海西东部及环青海湖地区年、季气候变化的特征和规律。结果表明,海西东部及环青海湖40多年来年季平均气温平均增温幅度为0．3～0．6℃,平均最低和最高气温多数季节增温具有非对称性。并且20世纪90年代四季增暖最为明显。夏季和冬季降水略有增加,而过渡季节降水变化基本呈减少趋势。年均和秋、冬、春、夏四季的气温变化倾向率均为正值．分别为0．48、0．57、0．692、0．337、0．373℃／10a。冬、夏季降水变化的倾向率为0．442、4．672mm／10a;而秋、春季了水变化的倾向率为-2．304、-0．022mm／10a。冬季降水量和累计积雪量的缓慢增加容易导致该地区地表积雪的积累,极易形成雪灾或低温冻害。春季气温升高、降水减少。干旱发生的频次将增加;秋、冬季气温上升幅度比较大．将有利于病虫害的越冬、繁殖,加重病虫害对农牧业生产的危害程度。  相似文献   

Investigations of an enteric infection of cockatoos caused by an enterovirus-like agent     

SL. WYLIE  DA. PASS 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(10):321-324

An enteric infection in cockatoos associated with a 30 nm diameter enterovirus-like agent seen in faeces and intestinal epithelial cells is described. The disease is characterised by intractable, profuse, mucoid diarrhoea, weight loss, dehydration and death. Lesions in the intestine consist of villous atrophy, villous fusion, enterocyte hyperplasia and, in some cases, chronic inflammation. Affected birds so far examined have concurrent psittacine beak and feather disease.  相似文献   

Outbreak of Nematodirus battus infection in calves     

McCoy MA  Kenny J  Hill J 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(12):370-371

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Effect of refined soy oil or whole soybeans on intake, methane output, and performance of young bulls     

Jordan E  Kenny D  Hawkins M  Malone R  Lovett DK  O'Mara FP 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(9):2418-2425

An experiment was conducted to establish the effects of feeding refined soy oil (RSO) or whole soybeans (WSB) containing soy oil on DMI, animal performance, and enteric methane (CH4) emissions in young bulls. Thirty-six Charolais and Limousin cross-bred, young beef bulls (338 +/- 27 kg of BW, 218 +/- 17 d of age at the beginning of the experiment) were blocked by BW, age, and breed before being assigned in a randomized complete block design to 1 of 3 experimental treatments (n = 12). The experimental period lasted for 103 d, with enteric CH4 output recorded for 2 periods of 5 consecutive days on d 37 to 41 and d 79 to 83. The 3 dietary treatments consisted of a barley/soybean meal-based concentrate with 0 g/d of RSO; oil from WSB as 6% of DMI (WSB treatment); and oil from RSO as 6% of DMI (RSO treatment). Each diet had a 10:90 forage:concentrate ratio, using barley straw as the forage source. Diet affected DMI (P < or = 0.001) and GE intake (P < 0.05 during the CH4 measurement periods), with the WSB treatment producing the lowest values. The addition of WSB decreased ADG (P < 0.05) compared with the RSO treatment. The WSB treatment also decreased (P < 0.05) average daily carcass gain (ADCG). Both the RSO and WSB concentrates decreased (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) daily enteric CH4 output when expressed in terms of liters per day, liters per kilogram of DMI, percentage of GE intake, liters per kilogram of ADG, and liters per kilogram of ADCG. Diet had no effect (P = 0.557) on ruminal protozoal numbers. The reductions in enteric CH4 were achieved at relatively high oil inclusion levels. Such oil levels have previously been reported to decrease DMI of high-forage diets, although no effect on DMI was noted with the low-forage diets fed in this experiment. This impact on DMI of high-forage diets may limit the range of diets for which this CH4 reduction strategy may be applicable. The inclusion level of WSB in the current experiment (27%) was beyond the palatability threshold of the bulls used and resulted in a marked decline in intake and performance. Therefore, WSB may have a role to play in ruminant diets, but only at a reduced inclusion rate.  相似文献   

农副产品及废弃物化感抑藻作用的研究与机理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

边归国  赵卫东  达来 《内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,33(2):268-274

农副产品废弃物作为可再生性、可降解性的生物质资源,在农村被大量的丢弃和焚烧,给环境造成了极大地危害.通过一系列技术处理,可以从农副产品和废弃物中提取化感物质,应用于海水和淡水中藻类的抑制,以有效利用废物资源.文章对化感作用的概念、20种农副产品及废弃物对19种藻类的化感抑制作用以及化感作用抑藻机理等进行了较系统的论述,对今后植物化感作用抑藻技术的研究方向进行了展望.提出应多学科结合,利用化感物质对不同藻类的影响及其选择性抑制机理做更深入的研究.  相似文献   

Embryonic development and implantation related gene expression of oocyte reconstructed with bovine trophoblast cells     

Saadeldin IM  Choi W  Roibas DA Torre B  Kim B  Lee B  Jang G 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(4):425-431

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