Safety of alternate-day treatment with TS-1TM (tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil) in tumor-bearing dogs: a pilot study     

Yuta NISHIYAMA  Yasuhiro FUKUYAMA  Takuya MARUO  Shinichiro YODA  Masataka IWANO  Shinpei KAWARAI  Hideki KAYANUMA  Kensuke ORITO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(8):1206

Tegafur is a prodrug of fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), while TS-1^TM is an oral fixed-dose combination of three active drugs, tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil. This pilot study evaluated the safety of tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil in the treatment of cancers in dogs. Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil was administered orally at a mean dose of 1.1 mg/kg twice daily on alternate days, Monday-Wednesday-Friday, every week to 11 dogs with tumors. Partial response and stable disease were observed in one dog each, whereas six exhibited progressive disease. Three dogs were not assessed. Adverse events, the most serious being grade 2, were noted in seven dogs. Adverse events were acceptable, and the drug was effective in some dogs. Therefore, tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil may be useful for treating malignant solid tumors in canines.  相似文献   

Muscle carbonic anhydrase III levels in normal and muscular dystrophia afflicted chickens     

Toshiho Nishita  Daisuke Yorifuji  Kensuke Orito  Nobutsune Ichihara  Kazuyoshi Arishima 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):34

Background

The levels and immunohistochemical localization of muscle carbonic anhydrase III (CA-III) in healthy chickens and in muscular dystrophia affected (DA) chickens show that the muscles of diseased animal undergo a progressive increase of enzyme activity.

Methods

An enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to assess the CA-III levels in the muscles and other tissues from eight normal White Leghorn chickens and in two chickens with muscular dystrophy. Immunohistochemical localization of the enzyme in the muscles of these animals was also determined.

Results

The levels of CA-III in the tensor fasciae latae and the superficial pectoral muscles of the DA chickens were higher than the level in normal chickens. The concentrations of CA-III in erythrocytes and plasma from diseased chickens were approximately 15-fold and 1.4-fold higher than in the normal chickens, respectively. In the superficial pectoral and the tensor fasciae latae muscles of diseased chickens, the numbers of strongly stained and weakly stained fibers were greater than that in the normal chickens.

Conclusion

The levels of CA-III in the superficial pectoral muscle, the tensor fasciae latae muscle, plasma and erythrocytes from the chickens with muscular dystrophy were higher than found in normal chickens.  相似文献   

Near-infrared spectroscopic sensing system for on-line milk quality assessment in a milking robot   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Masataka Kawasaki  Shuso Kawamura  Maki Tsukahara  Shigeru Morita  Michio Komiya  Motoyasu Natsuga 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2008,63(1):22-robotics

A near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic sensing system was constructed on an experimental basis. This system enabled NIR spectra of raw milk to be obtained in an automatic milking system (milking robot system) over a wavelength range of 600–1050 nm. Calibration models for determining three major milk constituents (fat, protein and lactose), somatic cell count (SCC) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) of unhomogenized milk were developed, and the precision and accuracy of the models were validated. The coefficient of determination (r²) and standard error of prediction (SEP) of the validation set for fat were 0.95 and 0.25%, respectively. The values of r² and SEP for lactose were 0.83 and 0.26%, those for protein were 0.72 and 0.15%, those for SCC were 0.68 and 0.28 log SCC/mL, and those for MUN were 0.53 and 1.50 mg/dL, respectively. These results indicate that the NIR spectroscopic system can be used to assess milk quality in real-time in an automatic milking system. The system can provide dairy farmers with information on milk quality and physiological condition of an individual cow and, therefore, give them feedback control for optimizing dairy farm management. By using the system, dairy farmers will be able to produce high-quality milk and precision dairy farming will be realized.  相似文献   

Variation in lowland rice yield and its determinants in a rainfed area in Savannakhet Province,Laos     

Ikeura  Hiroshi  Phongchanmixay  Sengthong  Chomxaythong  Amphone  Matsumoto  Naruo  Kawamura  Kensuke  Homsengchanh  Laeh  Inkhamseng  Somphone 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(2):121-130

Paddy and Water Environment - Irrigated areas in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos) constitute only 12% of the total agricultural land. Most of the lowland rice is cultivated under...  相似文献   

Rice plant growth and nutrient leaching under different patterns of split chemical fertilization on sandy soil using a pot     

Phongchanmixay  Sengthong  Bounyavong  Bounson  Khanthavong  Phanthasin  Khanthavong  Thanouphone  Ikeura  Hiroshi  Matsumoto  Naruo  Kawamura  Kensuke 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(2):91-99

Paddy and Water Environment - Savannakhet Province has 25% of the total lowland rice cultivation area of Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos). However, most of the fields are rainfed, with...  相似文献   

Growth performance and survival of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae fed coloured feed          下载免费PDF全文

Annita Seok Kian Yong  Gunzo Kawamura  Leong‐Seng Lim  Pei Xuan Gwee 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(8):2815-2821

This study examined the behavioural response on the preference and acceptance, growth performance and survival of Marcobrachium rosenbergi larvae fed with isonitrogenous and isolipidic yellow (YCF) and blue (BCF) coloured feed. In the behavioural response test, single and paired feed drop test of YCF and BCF were introduced at the middle of a tank about 15–20 cm from the edge of the white colour tank wall to larvae zoea IV–VI. The number of larvae attracted to each coloured feed was recorded. For the growth and survival performance, each coloured feed was fed to triplicate groups of larvae (zoea V–VI) at stocking density of 30 larvae/L in 12 ppt brackish water for 28 days until they reached postlarval (PL) stage. In the behavioural test, the number of larvae that attracted and accepted the BCF was significantly higher than those fed YCF (p < 0.05). The body weight and length of PL fed BCF was 28% and 5.6% bigger than those fed YCF respectively. However, the survival of the PL was almost similar in both treatments. This study shows that the freshwater prawn larvae were attracted more to the BCF and able to detect and capture the preferred BCF by vision and this contributed to higher growth of the larvae.  相似文献   

Evaluation of genetic characteristics of wild and cultured populations of the Japanese pearl oyster <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinctada fucata martensii</Emphasis> by using AFLP markers     

T. Miyake  K. Isowa  T. Ishikawa  A. Komaru  K. Kawamura 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(2):537-548

Genetic characteristics of four wild (Mie, Fukui, Shimane and Nagasaki) and five cultured populations (selectively bred for 12 years with an origin of Ehime population) of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii, were evaluated by using AFLP markers. Six primer pairs generated 1019 loci in total, among which 45.2–55.1 % was polymorphic among populations. Although there was no significant difference in gene diversity between wild (0.170–0.174) and cultured (0.158–0.173) populations, genetic relatedness in cultured populations (0.316–0.450) was about three times higher than that in wild populations (0.110–0.165). In addition, genetic differentiation was about twenty times larger in cultured populations (Nei’s distance: 0.0111) than in wild populations (Nei’s distance: 0.0005). These results mean that selective breeding can cause marked inbreeding as well as large genetic differentiation among cultured populations in a short period. On the other hand, it was suggested that genetic homogenization in the wild, probably due to a large-scale transport of cultured oysters, had progressed in the sea around Japan. In conclusion, it is necessary to prevent inbreeding by the reconsideration of the style of selective breeding in cultured populations, while the escape of gametes or spats of cultured strains in the wild should be avoided for the preservation of genetic characteristics in native populations of P. f. martensii.  相似文献   

Quantitative trait loci for leg weakness traits in a Landrace purebred population     

Yoshinobu UEMOTO  Shuji SATO  Chika OHNISHI  Kensuke HIROSE  Kenji KAMEYAMA  Kazuo FUKAWA  Osamu KUDO  Eiji KOBAYASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):28-33

Leg weakness in pigs is a serious problem in the pig industry. We performed a whole genome quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis to find QTLs affecting leg weakness traits in the Landrace population. Half-sib progeny ( n  = 522) with five sires were measured for leg weakness traits. Whole genome QTL mapping was performed using a half-sib regression-based method using 190 microsatellite markers. No experiment-wide significant QTLs affecting leg weakness traits were detected. However, at the 5% chromosome-wide level, QTLs affecting leg weakness traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 3, 10 and 11 with QTL effects ranging from 0.07 to 0.11 of the phenotypic variance. At the 1% chromosome-wide level, QTLs affecting rear feet score and total leg score were detected on chromosomes 2 and 3 with QTL effects of 0.11 and 0.13 of the phenotypic variance, respectively. On chromosome 3 and 10, some QTLs found in this study were located at nearby positions. The present study is one of the first reports of QTLs affecting fitness related traits such as leg weakness traits, that segregate within the Landrace population. The study also provides useful information for studying QTLs in purebred populations.  相似文献   

Confirmation of yessotoxin production by the dinoflagellate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Protoceratium reticulatum</Emphasis> in Mutsu Bay     

Kensuke?Eiki  Masayuki?Satake  Kazuhiko?Koike  Takehiko?Ogata  Tadashi?Mitsuya  Yasukatsu?OshimaEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(3):633-638

ABSTRACT:   Yessotoxin (YTX) is a shellfish toxin and its contamination in bivalves has seriously damaged shellfish industries. The biogenetic origin of YTX was identified as the dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum (Claparède et Lachmann) Bütschli collected in New Zealand and Yamada Bay, Iwate in Japan. Scallops cultured in Mutsu Bay, Japan, were frequently contaminated with YTX, however, occurrence of P. reticulatum in this bay and YTX production by the local strains have not been investigated. Eight strains of P. reticulatum , isolated from the bay, were cultured in the laboratory, and analyzed by fluorometric high-pressure liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry methods for YTX production and composition. All strains tested were confirmed to produce YTX, and none of them produced known YTX analogs. Toxin amount and composition differed from strain to strain. This result is also confirmation of one of the biogenetic origins of YTX in Mutsu Bay.  相似文献   

Available organic nitrogen in temperate, subtropical, and tropical soils extracted with different solutions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Miwa Okamoto  Kensuke Okada 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2008,44(3):533-537

Extraction of organic N by chemical solutions has been used to assess the amount of available N in soil. We tested the efficiency of several solutions in extracting organic N from tropical, subtropical and temperate soils. A conventional 0.067 M phosphate buffer successfully extracted organic N from all 23 soils examined. High-performance size exclusion chromatograms showed a single peak at about 7,800 Da for all phosphate buffer extracts irrespective of soil types. The peak area correlated with the organic N concentration of extracts. Tropical soils had lower retention of organic N than other soils according to the conventional and sequential extraction with phosphate buffer. Organic N extracted with sulfuric acid was significantly (P < 0.001) correlated with the amount of extracted Fe, suggesting that Fe might play a role in the retention of organic N in soil.  相似文献