β 1-4 mannobiose enhances Salmonella-killing activity and activates innate immune responses in chicken macrophages     

Ibuki M  Kovacs-Nolan J  Fukui K  Kanatani H  Mine Y 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,139(2-4):289-295

Salmonella spp. is one of the major causes of food-borne illness in humans, and Salmonella enteritidis (SE) infection in commercial poultry is a world-wide problem. Here we have investigated the in vitro immune-modulating effects of β 1-4 mannobiose (MNB), which was previously found to prevent SE infection in vivo in chickens, using chicken macrophage (MQ-MCSU) cells. Treatment of MQ-NCSU cells with MNB dose-dependently increased both phagocytic activity and Salmonella-killing activity of macrophages, with the highest reduction in SE viability observed at a concentration of 40 μg/ml at 48 h post-infection. Likewise, both hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and nitric oxide (NO) production were increased in a dose-dependent manner by MNB. Gene expression analysis of MNB-treated macrophages revealed significant increases in the expression of iNOS, NOX-1, IFN-γ, NRAMP1, and LITAF, genes critical for host defense and antimicrobial activity, when compared to untreated cells. This data confirms that MNB possesses potent innate immune-modulating activities and can up-regulate antibacterial defenses in chicken macrophages.  相似文献   

Varietal differences in the growth of rice plants in response to aluminum and silicon     

Md. Taiabur Rahman  Kazunobu Kawamura  Hiroyuki Koyama  Tetsuo Hara 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):423-431

Effects of Al (0–100 μM) and Si (0–2,000 μM) supplied singly or in combination on root growth of different rice varieties were examined under hydroponic conditions. Al addition inhibited root elongation of rice plants, and the inhibition increased with increasing amount of Al in the culture solution. Among 22 indica varieties and among 8 japonica varieties tested, IAC3 and Nakateshinsenbon were relatively tolerant to AI, respectively, whereas IR45 and Norinl were relatively sensitive to AI, respectively. Si exerted a beneficial effect at all levels of Si treatment on indica varieties, whereas Si supply resulted in a slight increase in the root dry weight of japonica varieties only at the highest level (2,000 μM Silo The alleviation of Al inhibition of rice root growth by Si was observed in the combination of Al and Si treatments. Alleviation was more pronounced for all the Si treatments in indica varieties than in japonica varieties, and the alleviation was maximum with 2,000 μM Si in IR45. The alleviation effect by Si was more pronounced in the AI-sensitive varieties than in the AI-tolerant varieties. The application of Si resulted in an increase in the contents of Al and Si in plants, and there was no relationship between the Al content and Al inhibition in plants.  相似文献   

Starvation tolerance of newly metamorphosed abalone Haliotis discus hannai   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hideki Takami  Tomohiko Kawamura  Yoh Yamashita 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(6):1180-1182

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Regional variability in landscape effects on forest bird communities     

Spake  Rebecca  Soga  Masashi  Kawamura  Kazuhiro  Cooke  Robert S.  Yamaura  Yuichi  Eigenbrod  Felix 《Landscape Ecology》2020,35(5):1055-1071

Landscape Ecology - Functional responses to landscape heterogeneity are context-dependent, hampering the transferability of landscape-scale conservation initiatives. Japan provides a unique...  相似文献   

Effective Synthesis and Antifouling Activity of Dolastatin 16 Derivatives     

Loida O. Casalme  Keisuke Katayama  Yoshiki Hayakawa  Kensuke Nakamura  Arisa Yamauchi  Yasuyuki Nogata  Erina Yoshimura  Fuyuhiko Matsuda  Taiki Umezawa 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)

Some derivatives of dolastatin 16, a depsipeptide natural product first obtained from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia, were synthesized through second-generation synthesis of two unusual amino acids, dolaphenvaline and dolamethylleuine. The second-generation synthesis enabled derivatizations such as functionalization of the aromatic ring in dolaphenvaline. The derivatives of fragments and whole structures were evaluated for antifouling activity against the cypris larvae of Amphibalanus amphitrite. Small fragments inhibited the settlement of the cypris larvae at potent to moderate concentrations (EC₅₀ = 0.60-4.62 μg/mL), although dolastatin 16 with a substituent on the aromatic ring (24) was much less potent than dolastatin 16.  相似文献   

Isolation and purification of a low molecular weight protein from bovine urine     

S Kawamura  H Inoue  T Oda  N Itoh  S Higuchi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(4):787-793

A low molecular weight protein was separated from urine samples obtained from a heifer with spontaneous renal disease and from cows with CaNa2EDTA-induced renal dysfunction. The molecular weight and electrophoretic mobility of the separated protein were examined. The low molecular weight protein collected by gel filtration chromatography was further separated into two fractions by ion exchange chromatography using DEAE-cellulose. One of the two fractions, the lowest molecular weight protein showed a single band in SDS-PAGE, and its molecular weight was approximately 12,000. An antiserum against this protein formed a single precipitin line with the urine from cows with experimentally induced renal dysfunction and a heifer with spontaneous renal disease by the double immunodiffusion technique. However, the antiserum did not form any precipitin line with the concentrated urine of healthy cow and human beta 2-microglobulin. In cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, this protein migrated in the same position as that of serum gamma-globulin from healthy cow.  相似文献   

Scanning electron microscopy of Theileria sergenti   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S Higuchi  S Kawamura  Y Yasuda 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1985,47(1):133-137

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Development of Babesia gibsoni in the gut epithelium of the tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis.     

S Higuchi  S Simomura  H Yoshida  F Hoshi  S Kawamura  Y Yasuda 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(1):129-131

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Pathologic changes in pigs with prednisolone-induced recrudescence of herpesvirus infection   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M Narita  M Shimizu  H Kawamura  M Haritani  M Moriwaki 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(7):1506-1510

In pigs inoculated with Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), recrudescence of herpesvirus infection was induced by daily administration of 1,000 mg of prednisolone for 5 days at 2 (group A) or 5 (group B) months after the primary infection. At necropsy in group A pigs, ADV was recovered from nasal secretions 3 to 9 days after prednisolone treatment initiation and from the brain cortex 10 days after treatment initiation; ADV was not recovered from group B pigs. In pigs of both groups killed 10 days after treatment initiation, 2 types of characteristic lesions were found. One type was a nonsuppurative encephalitis that consisted of neuronal necrosis, neuronophagia, and formation of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. The 2nd type had basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the enlarged endothelial cells of the kidneys, liver, lungs, adrenal glands, and lymph node sinusoids. Cells containing intranuclear inclusion bodies had immature and mature herpesvirus particles. Therefore, the brain lesions containing the eosinophilic inclusion bodies were considered to be due to ADV. Basophilic inclusion bodies in the endothelial cells were due to porcine cytomegalovirus. These observations indicated that prednisolone treatment resulted in recrudescence of ADV and porcine cytomegalovirus infections.  相似文献   

Application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detection of antibodies against Tyzzer's organism (Bacillus piliformis) in mice     

W Toriumi  S Kawamura  K Fujiwara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1986,48(6):1241-1244

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