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91.
Toshiho Nishita Yuichiro Tomita Daisuke Yorifuji Kensuke Orito Hideharu Ochiai Kazuyosi Arishima 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):63
Background
The developmental profile of chicken carbonic anhydrase-III (CA-III) blood levels has not been previously determined or reported. We isolated CA-III from chicken muscle and investigated age-related changes in the levels of CA-III in blood.Methods
CA-III was purified from chicken muscle. The levels of CA-III in plasma and erythrocytes from 278 female chickens (aged 1-93 weeks) and 68 male chickens (aged 3-59 weeks) were determined by ELISA.Results
The mean level of CA-III in female chicken erythrocytes (1 week old) was 4.6 μg/g of Hb, and the CA-III level did not change until 16 weeks of age. The level then increased until 63 weeks of age (11.8 μg/g of Hb), decreased to 4.7 μg/g of Hb at 73 weeks of age, and increased again until 93 weeks of age (8.6 μg/g of Hb). The mean level of CA-III in erythrocytes from male chickens (3 weeks old) was 2.4 μg/g of Hb, and this level remained steady until 59 weeks of age. The mean plasma level of CA-III in 1-week-old female chickens was 60 ng/mL, and this level was increased at 3 weeks of age (141 ng/mL) and then remained steady until 80 weeks of age (122 ng/mL). The mean plasma level of CA-III in 3-week-old male chickens was 58 ng/mL, and this level remained steady until 59 weeks of age.Conclusion
We observed both developmental changes and sex differences in CA-III concentrations in White Leghorn (WL) chicken erythrocytes and plasma. Simple linear regression analysis showed a significant association between the erythrocyte CA-III level and egg-laying rate in WL-chickens 16-63 weeks of age (p < 0.01). 相似文献92.
Yamasaki M Ishida M Nakamura K Sasaki N Murakami M Kumara WR Tamura Y Lim SY Ohta H Takiguchi M 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,180(3-4):215-225
Antibodies that recognized either Babesia gibsoni or canine red blood cell (RBC) 70-kilodalton (kDa) protein were detected in serum from acutely and chronically B. gibsoni-infected. In those sera, antibodies that reacted with recombinant B. gibsoni and canine heat shock protein 70 (rBgHsp70 and rcHsp70) were detected; therefore, B. gibsoni and canine RBC 70-kDa proteins seemed to be BgHsp70 and cHsp70, respectively. In infected dogs, the amounts of these antibodies increased after infection. Interestingly, polyclonal antibody raised against rBgHsp70 in two rabbits reacted not only with rBgHsp70 but also with rcHsp70 and native cHsp70 from canine RBCs. Because BgHsp70 showed high homology with cHsp70 (70.8%), anti-rBgHsp70 antibody might cross-react with cHsp70. Additionally, the localizations of both BgHsp70 and cHsp70 were observed by indirect fluorescence assay. As a result, cHsp70 was not found on the membrane surface of erythrocytes, suggesting that erythrocytes would not be targets of anti-cHsp70 antibody. Meanwhile, only exoerythrocytic parasites were stained by anti-rBgHsp70 antibody. This result showed that BgHsp70 would be expressed on the surface of parasites during the exoerythrocytic stage. These results indicated that BgHsp70 was a highly immunogenic protein in canine B. gibsoni infection, and that exoerythrocytic parasites might be targets of anti-BgHsp70 antibody. 相似文献
93.
Kiyoshi NAKAMURA Kensuke ARAKAWA Yasushi KAWAI Narimi YASUTA Takahiro CHUJO Masamichi WATANABE Hiroyuki IIOKA Masashi TANIOKA Junko NISHIMURA Haruki KITAZAWA Koichi TSURUMI Tadao SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(2):144-149
Gassericin A (GA) is a circular bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus gasseri LA39. In this study, GA‐containing concentrate was prepared using a cross‐flow membrane filtration device (30 kDa cut‐off) from the culture supernatant of Lb. gasseri LA39 cultivated in a cheese whey‐based food‐grade medium. The bacteriocin activity titer in the concentrate was 16 times as high as that of the culture supernatant and was completely maintained through each incubation at 4°C for 3 months, 37°C for 2 months, 60°C for 5 h, and 100°C for 30 min. The GA‐containing concentrate was used with glycine powder to make custard creams, and then four representative strains of custard cream spoilage bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Achromobacter denitrificans and Pseudomonas fluorescens) were individually inoculated at c. 103 colony forming units/g in the custard creams. Throughout 30 days of incubation at 30°C, all of the inoculated bacteria were completely inhibited by the combination of 5% (w/w) of the GA‐containing concentrate and 0.5% (w/w) glycine. This is the first highly practical application of GA to foods as a biopreservative, and the concentration method and the bacteriocin concentrate would contribute to biopreservation of several foods. 相似文献
94.
SUDUN WULIJIDELIGEN Kensuke ARAKAWA Mari MIYAMOTO Taku MIYAMOTO 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(1):66-74
The interaction between nine lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and five yeast strains isolated from airag of Inner Mongolia Autonomic Region, China was investigated. Three representative LAB and two yeasts showed symbioses were selected and incubated in 10% (w/v) reconstituted skim milk as single and mixed cultures to measure viable count, titratable acidity, ethanol and sugar content every 24 h for 1 week. LAB and yeasts showed high viable counts in the mixed cultures compared to the single cultures. Titratable acidity of the mixed cultures was obviously enhanced compared with that of the single cultures, except for the combinations of Lactobacillus reuteri 940B3 with Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4C and Lactobacillus helveticus 130B4 with Candida kefyr 2Y305. C. kefyr 2Y305 produced large amounts of ethanol (maximum 1.35 g/L), whereas non‐lactose‐fermenting S. cerevisiae 4C produced large amounts of ethanol only in the mixed cultures. Total glucose and galactose content increased while lactose content decreased in the single cultures of Leuconostoc mesenteroides 6B2081 and Lb. helveticus 130B4. However, both glucose and galactose were completely consumed and lactose was markedly reduced in the mixed cultures with yeasts. The result suggests that yeasts utilize glucose and galactose produced by LAB lactase to promote cell growth. 相似文献
95.
Yasushi KAWAI Kensuke ARAKAWA Ayako ITOH Boku SAITOH Yasuyuki ISHII Junko NISHIMURA Haruki KITAZAWA Takatoshi ITOH Tadao SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(1):45-51
Gassericin A, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus gasseri LA39, has a cyclic structure linking N‐ and C‐terminal amino acids. Gassericin A was expressed in Escherichia coli JM109 as a biotinylated fusion protein on the basis of the DNA sequence of mature bacteriocin. A positive clone accumulated the bacteriocin, with no activity, as a soluble fusion protein in the cytoplasm. After release of an N‐terminal tag with factor Xa protease, gassericin A was converted into an active peptide having N‐ and C‐termini. The total amount of purified bacteriocins (expressed and native) was 480 µg/L and 370 µg/L, respectively. However, the specific activity of expressed gassericin A was 15 AU/mg lower than that of native bacteriocin (2600 AU/mg). Although the actual Mr (molecular weight) of the expressed bacteriocin should be 5666, the peptide showed the same mobility (Mr 3800) in sodium dodecylsulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) as native cyclic gassericin A, suggesting that the expressed peptide retains compact folding of the molecule similar to that of native gassericin A. 相似文献
96.
A comparison of plasma glucose and oxidative status in lactating dairy cows in summer and autumn 
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下载免费PDF全文 Yuzo Kurokawa Rina Yamashita Miki Okita Rena Yoshitoshi Toshihisa Sugino Taketo Obitsu Kensuke Kawamura 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(10):1212-1217
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the hot summer season on plasma glucose and oxidative stress markers. For two 14‐day experimental periods, namely periods 1 (July‐August) and 2 (October‐November), 12 and 14 lactating dairy cows, respectively, that were milked using an automatic milking system, were fed diets containing similar ingredients, and their milk production, plasma metabolites and oxidative status markers were investigated. Dry matter intake and milk yield were not affected by the experimental period. Rectal temperature at 18.00 hours and milk protein concentration in period 1 were higher and lower, respectively, than in period 2 (P < 0.05), suggesting that the hot summer season had an effect on the experimental dairy cows. Plasma glucose and the ascorbic acid + dehydroascorbic acid (AA) concentrations in period 1 were lower than in period 2 (P < 0.01). The plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration did not differ between the experimental periods. The increase in the cellular AA uptake in peripheral tissues in period 1 might be a possible compensatory mechanism to balance the occurrence of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant capacity in the cells, resulting in the absence of an effect of the hot summer season on plasma MDA concentration. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science 相似文献
97.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the tissue and plasma renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is activated in dogs with mild regurgitation through the mitral valve and determine the contribution of chymase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to the activation of the RAAS and potential production of angiotensin II during the chronic stage of mild mitral valve regurgitation. ANIMALS: 5 Beagles with experimentally induced mild mitral valve regurgitation and 6 clinically normal (control) Beagles. PROCEDURES: Tissue ACE and chymase-like activities and plasma RAAS were measured and the RAAS evaluated approximately 1,000 days after experimental induction of mitral valve regurgitation in the 5 dogs. RESULTS: Dogs with experimentally induced mitral valve regurgitation did not have clinical signs of the condition, although echocardiography revealed substantial eccentric hyper- trophy. On the basis of these findings, dogs with mitral valve regurgitation were classified as International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council class Ib. Plasma activity of renin and plasma concentrations of angiotensin I, angiotensin II, and aldosterone were not significantly different between dogs with mitral valve regurgitation and clinically normal dogs. Tissue ACE activity was significantly increased and chymase-like activity significantly decreased in dogs with mitral valve regurgitation, compared with values in clinically normal dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The tissue RAAS was modulated without changes in the plasma RAAS in dogs with mild mitral valve regurgitation during the chronic stage of the condition. An ACE-dependent pathway may be a major route for production of angiotensin II during this stage of the condition. 相似文献
98.
Katsumi Takaba Teruyoshi Imada Shigehisa Katsumata Hiroshi Okumura Sachiko Iwamoto Yui Suzuki Minami Imaizumi Kensuke Myojo Chie Takada Naoya Kimoto Koji Saeki Itaru Yamaguchi 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2012,25(4):265-271
This study histopathologically and immunohistochemically investigated a spontaneously
occurring single mass subcutaneously located in the left lower abdomen of a female
BALB/cAJcl−nu/+ mouse at 10 weeks of age. The mass was about 20 × 15 × 10 mm
in size after formalin fixation; nevertheless, it was not detected by clinical observations at
9 weeks of age. H&E staining revealed the tumor origin was epithelial and probably arose
from the mammary gland, and the tumor cells demonstrated a squamous, acinar or polyhedral/basal
pattern. A cell kinetics analysis revealed that many of the tumor cells of the squamous, acinar
or polyhedral/basal component were positive for PCNA and cyclin D1, although there were a few
of TUNEL-positive tumor cells in all of the components. An epithelial/mesenchymal analysis
demonstrated that most of the tumor cells of the squamous and acinar components contained
keratin and E-cadherin; however, most of the tumor cells of the polyhedral/basal component were
less or very weakly positive for these markers. The tumor cells of the squamous component were
negative for vimentin and SMA; however, many of the tumor cells of the polyhedral/basal
component exhibited vimentin. In addition, expression of SMA was confirmed in some tumor cells
of the acinar and basal components. Based on the microscopic and immunohistochemical
characterizations, the tumor was diagnosed to be adenosquamous carcinoma that originated from
the mammary gland with rapid growth, and the tumor cells demonstrated epithelial-mesenchymal
transition-like changes. 相似文献
99.
Imai A Nishita T Ichihara N Shirota K Orito K 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,149(1-2):108-111
Xylitol is used as a sugar substitute in food products. Dogs have been reported to experience lethal liver injury after accidental ingestion of xylitol. Because liver injury may be a serious consequence of canine immune-mediated reactions, antibodies produced against xylitol may attack the liver. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated whether binding sites for xylitol antibodies are located at the liver or not. Anti-xylitol antibodies were generated by immunization of rabbits with a xylose-bovine serum albumin conjugate. Immunohistological examination showed that binding sites for the anti-xylitol antibodies were located in the hepatic arteries and the portal veins. Western blotting analyses by using a canine liver homogenate showed 4 protein bands with different molecular weights which reacted with anti-xylitol antibodies. Therefore, binding of anti-xylitol antibodies to the vessels may be the first step in an immune-mediated pathogenic response in xylitol toxicity. Further studies are necessary to determine the effects of anti-xylitol antibodies on the liver in the pathogenesis of xylitol toxicity. 相似文献
100.
Isotani M Katsuma K Tamura K Yamada M Yagihara H Azakami D Ono K Washizu T Bonkobara M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(8):809-814
Because of their unsurpassed potency in presenting antigens to naive T cells, dendritic cells are considered to be an important candidate in the development of immunotherapeutic strategies. Despite the high potential of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy, as a so-called dendritic cell vaccination, few clinical approaches using dendritic cell vaccination have been performed in the dog because of very limited information regarding the generation of canine dendritic cells and their functional properties. We therefore established a protocol for the efficient generation of dendritic cells from canine bone marrow cells using recombinant feline granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and canine interleukin-4. Dendritic cells were generated efficiently: a yield of 1-9 x 10(6) cells per approximately 0.5 ml of canine bone marrow aspiration was achieved. These dendritic cells showed features shared with mouse and human dendritic cells: dendrite morphology, expression of surface markers MHC class II and CD11c, and up-regulation of molecules related to antigen presentation (MHC class II, B7-1, and B7-2) by activation with lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, the dendritic cells demonstrated phagocytic activity, processing activity of pinocytosed proteins, and activation of allogeneic T cells far more potent than that by macrophages. Our findings suggest that the bone marrow-derived dendritic cells are functional for the capturing and processing of antigens and the initiation of T cell responses. 相似文献