排序方式： 共有49条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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A Grinberg WE Pomroy HB Carslak Y Shi IR Gibson BM Drayton 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):284-289
Abstract AIM: To assess the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in faecal specimens from foals, and investigate an outbreak of neonatal cryptosporidiosis in foals revealed in the course of the study. METHODS: Faecal specimens from foals received by a diagnostic veterinary laboratory in New Zealand between 2006 and 2007 were submitted to Massey University and tested microscopically for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts. The Cryptosporidium isolates in the oocyst-positive specimens were genetically identified to species level. In addition, specimen submission data from the participating laboratory for 2005–2007 were examined. In the course of the study, the identification of one Cryptosporidium-positive specimen triggered an on-farm investigation. RESULTS: Twelve faecal specimens submitted by the participating laboratory between 2006 and 2007 were tested further, and three were positive for C. parvum. Specimen submission records indicated a total of 67 faecal specimens were tested for Cryptosporidium by the participating laboratory between 2005 and 2007; 12 (18%) were positive. The on-farm investigation on a broodmare farm revealed a high incidence of neonatal diarrhoea in foals; C. parvum was the only enteropathogen found in the faeces of 4/4 affected foals examined. The diarrhoea in all those foals was self-limiting, manifesting during the second week of life, resembling foal heat diarrhoea, and accompanied by a short but intense period of shedding oocysts. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The fact that Cryptosporidium parasites were identified in 18% of faecal specimens from foals analysed for this agent in 2005–2007 by the participating laboratory indicated that infection with this agent in foals is not uncommon. Collectively, the results of this and previous studies performed in New Zealand indicate C. parvum is a cause of diarrhoea in newborn foals, potentially accounting for a proportion of cases empirically diagnosed as foal heat diarrhoea. It is therefore advisable to take precautions when handling diarrhoeic foals, until this potentially zoonotic agent is ruled out in the laboratory. 相似文献
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BM Binney PJ Biggs PE Carter BM Holland NP French 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):309-314
AIMS: To quantify the numbers of live cattle, sheep and poultry imported into New Zealand and, where possible, their country of origin from 1860 to 1979.METHODS: Information on the origin and number of live animal importations into New Zealand was collected for cattle, sheep and poultry for the period 1868–1979 from the annual reports compiled by the New Zealand Registrar General's Office, Government Statistician's Office, Census and Statistics Office, Census and Statistics Department, Customs Department and Department of Statistics. Census data from 1851 to 1871 were also used to estimate the livestock population during this period. The number of animals imported and the mean population for each species in a decade were determined, and the major countries of origin were identified.RESULTS: A large number of cattle (53,384) and sheep (604,525) were imported in the 1860s, and then there was a marked reduction in importations. Live poultry were imported in relatively small numbers (20,701) from 1880 to 1939, then 1,564,330 live poultry were imported between 1960 and 1979. Australia was the predominant country of origin for sheep between 1868 and 1959 (51,347/60,918; 84.3%) and of cattle between 1868 and 1979 (10,080/15,157; 66.5%). Only 6,712 (11.0%) sheep and 3,909 (25.8%) cattle were imported from the United Kingdom over the same periods, and even fewer from other countries.CONCLUSIONS: The collated data and historical reports show that from 1860 to 1979 Australia has been the main source of livestock introduced into New Zealand. The pattern of importation showed that large numbers of cattle and sheep were initially imported in the 1860s, probably in response to rapid agricultural expansion. Thereafter importations continued at much reduced numbers. In contrast, relatively small numbers of poultry were introduced until the 1960s when large numbers were imported as part of the development of a modern high-production industry. The overall pattern for both cattle and sheep was of a bottleneck event, as initially a relatively limited number of animals arrived from outside populations, followed by population expansion with ongoing but limited immigration (admixture). Investigation into the genetic population structure of New Zealand's cattle and sheep, as well as their host-associated microorganisms, could reflect the impact of these early historical events. 相似文献
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Studies were conducted to examine the possibility of preserving slaughterhouse‐derived buffalo ovaries at 4°C for 0 (control), 12 and 24 h to maintain the developmental competence of the oocytes (experiment 1), to assess the effect of incubation temperature during oocyte maturation on rates of in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of buffalo oocytes and embryo development (experiment 2), and to examine the effect of storage at 25°C for 0 (control), 4 and 8 h of frozen–thawed buffalo sperm and BO and H‐TALP as sperm processing and fertilization media on cleavage and embryo development in vitro of buffalo oocytes (experiment 3) in order to optimize the IVF technology in buffalo. Results suggested that storage of ovaries at 4°C for 12 or 24 h significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the developmental potential of oocytes. Incubation temperatures during the IVM influenced the fertilization rate but had no significant effect on maturation and subsequent embryo development. The incubation temperature of 38.5°C during IVM was found to be optimum for embryo production in vitro. Storage of frozen–thawed sperm at 25°C for 8 h significantly (p < 0.05) decreased its ability to cleave the oocytes. Sperm processed in BO medium had significantly (p < 0.05) higher ability to cleave the oocytes than the H‐TALP medium. 相似文献
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The starch grain and phenolsulphonphthalein (PSP) tests were used to investigate the patency of the fallopian tubes in five "repeat breeder" cows. Evidence of tubal lesions was determined in three cows on rectal palpation. Using the starch grain test, bilateral occlusion was determined in three animals, left sided occlusion was determined in one and right sided occlusion in another. Using the PSP test there was evidence of bilateral occlusion in two of the four coes which were tested. In four cows the genital organs were examined visually and by palpation at laparotomy and in two cows tubal occlusion was confirmed when they were flushed with saline, and patency restored. In one animal both ovaries were almost completely encapsulated, while in the fourth adhesions involving the fimbriae occluded the ostia. There were broken down and this cow was the only one which subsequently conceived. 相似文献
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Kessy Mecku J. Machang’u Robert S. Swai Emmanuel Senyael 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(3):523-530
Serological and microbiological studies on leptospirosis in pigs from Morogoro municipality, Tanzania were carried out between
October 2007 and May 2008. Serum samples (n = 385) from apparently healthy pigs were tested by microscopic agglutination test for antibodies against live cultures of
six known Leptospira interrogans serovars: Pomona, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Ballum, Tarassovi, Grippotyphosa and Hardjo. Significant positive titres were detected
in 4.42% (17/385) of all the tested serum samples. Asceptically collected samples, urine (n = 236) and kidney tissues (n = 214), were cultured in enriched Fletcher’s and Ellinghausen McCullough–Johnson and Harris media and assessed, at weekly
intervals for 24 weeks, for growth by dark-field microscopy. Two leptospiral organisms were isolated from the urine samples.
There was a statistical association between seroposivity and location that the subjects reside in (P < 0.05), whereas it was not significantly associated with sex nor age (P > 0.05). The evidence of pig exposure to different serovars and the isolation of the leptospiral organisms confirm that the
infection is present in pigs although with an overall low prevalence. Apart from its economic importance on to the pig industry,
this disease is a potential zoonotic public health risk in Tanzania, especially because of the lack of studies on leptospirosis
among persons who handle pigs and pork products. 相似文献
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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the role of exfoliative cytology in the diagnosis of canine transmissible venereal tumour and to improve the success rate of surgical excision of this tumour. The technique was used to screen 360 dogs and, at the time of surgery, 34 clinical cases. Seventy-five per cent of the cases detected by screening were described as early stage disease in comparison with 23 per cent of cases reported by owners. The value of exfoliative cytology at the time of surgery to determine tumour cell removal was demonstrated by the reduction in local tumour recurrence from 22 per cent to 8 per cent. The technique is, therefore, recommended for use in screening dogs for canine transmissible venereal tumour and in determining the extent of surgical removal. However, more work is needed to assess its applicability in practice by determining its sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of a positive and negative test answer. 相似文献
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We hypothesized that veterinarians and veterinary students may lack key knowledge about pulse oximetry, which may result in this type of patient monitor not being used on appropriate patient populations or to its full capabilities. A questionnaire was developed to assess an individual's knowledge and understanding of pulse oximetry. Residents and specialists in anesthesiology and critical care at several academic institutions were surveyed first to assess the questionnaire for clarity and to serve as a control group. General veterinary practitioners (GPs) attending continuing education courses at the University of Georgia were surveyed over a 24-month period. Students entering their senior year anesthesiology rotation at the University of Georgia were also surveyed. Residents and specialists (69% correct responses) scored significantly higher than senior students (46%), who scored significantly higher than GPs (34%). Only 15% of GPs and 21% of senior students reported that they had received training in pulse oximetry in school. Those who had received training scored significantly higher than those who did not. Many GPs did not report using a pulse oximeter on their critical patients under anesthesia, a group that would be expected to benefit from its use. Veterinarians have a poor understanding about how pulse oximetry works, the information provided by pulse oximetry, and how to best apply it to their patients. Furthermore, the respondents did not use pulse oximeters in a manner that would derive the most information and result in the greatest benefit to the patient relative to the cost of the instrument. Didactic training in veterinary curricula and during continuing education opportunities continues to be necessary in order to produce veterinarians, who have an understanding of the technologies available that can be used to improve patient care. 相似文献