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991.
Two new coumarin glycosides, named Rhodonin (1) and Rhodonetin (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Rhododendron lepidotum. 相似文献
992.
Mohammed S. Uddin Sharif A. Mukul Mohammed Abu Sayed A. Khan Mohammed Alamgir Md. Y. Harun Mohammad S. Alam 《Small-Scale Forestry》2008,7(2):139-149
Globally, trade in agar-based products is growing rapidly due to their recent adoption as an ingredient in the cosmetics and
pharmaceuticals sector. In Bangladesh, people living in some north-eastern districts have been engaged in the production,
processing and trading of such products for several decades. These practices, which they consider as the lifeblood of their
existence, have been inherited from their ancestors. This paper reports a case study carried out in Maulvibazar district exploring
the production and marketing, and industry problems, of agar-based enterprises and their potential contribution to socio-economic
development. An exploratory survey was undertaken over 30 randomly selected agar-based factories during December 2005–April
2006, with entrepreneurs of the factories personally interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The majority of the
factories of the area were found to depend on local sources of raw materials to produce agar-based products. About 514 full
and part-time workers are employed in the factories. Average annual expenditure, revenue and net annual income per factory
for three consecutive years 2003–2005 of the study were estimated as Tk 63,980, Tk 111,414 and Tk 47,435, respectively, being
highest where attar (agar oil) of superior grade was produced for export. There appears to be a sustainable source of raw materials, availability
of technical and financial assistance and opportunity for expansion of market facilities to secure the maximum benefit achievable
from this highly promising industry.
相似文献
Sharif A. MukulEmail: |
993.
Nader Danehloueipour Heather J. Clarke Guijun Yan Tanveer N. Khan K. H. M. Siddique 《Euphytica》2008,162(2):281-289
The three major leaf types in chickpea are normal compound leaf, simple leaf and multipinnate. Simple leaf types are less
commonly cultivated worldwide and are often reputed to be susceptible to ascochyta blight disease, whereas other leaf types
range from resistant to susceptible. This study determined the association between host plant resistance to ascochyta blight
and different leaf types in segregating populations derived from crosses between disease resistant and susceptible chickpea
genotypes. In addition, the inheritance of disease resistance and leaf type was investigated in intraspecific progeny derived
from crosses between two resistant genotypes with normal leaf type (ICC 3996 and Almaz), one susceptible simple leaf type
(Kimberley Large) and one susceptible multipinnate leaf type (24 B-Isoline). Our results showed that, in these segregating
populations, susceptibility to ascochyta blight was not linked to multipinnate or simple leaf types; resistance to ascochyta
blight depended more on genetic background than leaf shape; leaf type was controlled by two genes with a dihybrid supplementary
gene action; normal leaf type was dominant over other leaf types; and inheritance of ascochyta blight resistance was controlled
by two major genes, one dominant and one recessive. Since there was no linkage between ascochyta blight susceptibility and
leaf type, breeding various leaf types with ascochyta blight resistance is a clear possibility. These results have significant
implications for chickpea improvement, as most current extra large seeded kabuli varieties have a simple leaf type. 相似文献
994.
Wei Wang Zulfiqar Ali Xing-Cong Li Troy A. Smillie De-An Guo Ikhlas A. Khan 《Fitoterapia》2009,80(7):404-407
Two new clerodane diterpenoids 2β-methoxy-cleroda-3,13-dien-18-carboxy-15,16-olide (1) and 15ξ-methoxy-cleroda-3,12-dien-18-carboxy-15,16-olide (2) and one new nitrogen-containing clerodane diterpenoid 15-oxo-echinophyllin A (3), along with six known compounds, namely, echinophyllin A, (−)-patagonic acid, tyrosol, oplopanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-[(1R)-1-(1-methylethyl)-4-oxopentyl]-2-cyclohexen-1-one and 1β,6α-dihydroxy-eudesman-4(15)-ene were isolated from the leaves of Casearia sylvestris. Their structures were determined by extensive NMR techniques. 相似文献
995.
M. Harunur Rashid M. Murshedul Alam M. Akhter Hossain Khan J.K. Ladha 《Field Crops Research》2009,113(3):274-281
Conventional tilled transplanting, a widely practiced method of rice (Oryza sativa L.) establishment in puddled soils in rice–rice and rice–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) systems in Asia, requires a large amount of labor and water, which are becoming scarce and expensive. Growing more food with the same production costs or even reduced costs and sustaining the quality of the natural resource base are a major concern. On-farm trials were conducted in Chuadanga District of Bangladesh during the wet season as monsoon rice (aman) and during the dry season as winter rice (boro) in 2006–07 to evaluate the effects of establishment methods with improved crop management on productivity, resource (land, water, and labor) use, and economic return. Rice was established by sowing in line with a drum seeder on conventional tilled puddled soils (CT-DrumR) and by transplanting in line on the day of CT-DrumR (CT-TPR1) and 30 and 35 days after CT-DrumR (CT-TPR2) in aman and boro seasons, respectively. Farmers’ usual transplanting time corresponds to the day of CT-TPR2. Grain yields in CT-DrumR and CT-TPR2 were similar but the crop occupied the main field 22–24 days longer in CT-DrumR than in CT-TPR2, resulting in lower productivity (45 kg grain ha−1 day−1 vs. 55 kg grain ha−1 day−1) in both seasons. Drum-seeded rice matured earlier by 8 and 11 days, received 12% and 6% less irrigation water, saved 19 and 24 person-days ha−1, and gave higher gross margins of 6% and 4% but input costs increased by 20% and 12% than CT-TPR2 in aman and boro seasons, respectively. There is a need to examine these benefits of drum-seeded rice in relation to the feasibility of adoption by farmers. 相似文献
996.
This paper examines the use of pressurized steam for wrapping and setting the yarn hairs concurrently via a new steam-jet
process during winding. Yarn torque can also be stabilized as an added advantage. The results obtained with two batches of
pure wool yarns suggest that there is potential to achieve yarn hairiness reduction of up to 60 % with minimum deterioration
in hairiness even after subsequent rewinding. 相似文献
997.
Maqbool Hussain Khalid Mohammed Khan Syed Ishrat Ali Rasheeda Parveen Woo Sub Shim 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(4):407-412
The fluorescence properties of textiles dyed with optical brighteners have been widely reported in literature. However, little
sufficient study has investigated the UV protection properties of textiles dyed with fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs).
This study reports the synthesis of a series of stilbene-triazine compounds and their performance on cotton fiber as UV absorbing
and FWAs. Triazinyldiaminostilbene compounds were synthesized by reacting 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine
to give 4,4′-bis(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid. This intermediate was further condensed
in two steps with amines by nucleophilic substituents on their triazine moiety. The structure of synthesized compounds were
characterized by spectroscopic techniques i.e. IR, UV, elemental analysis and conformed by proton NMR Spectroscopy. These
compounds were applied to cotton fiber as fluorescent whitening and UV absorbing agents. Their performances were evaluated
with regards to whitening effects, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), degree of exhaustion and fastness test. 相似文献
998.
B. Vanlauwe F. Kanampiu G.D. Odhiambo H. De Groote L.J. Wadhams Z.R. Khan 《Field Crops Research》2008
Striga hermonthica (Delile) Benth., stemborers, and declining soil fertility are serious threats to sustainable food production in the Lake Victoria zone of Kenya. To address these constraints, promising integrated crop management technologies were evaluated, using a multi-locational design in four sub-locations in Siaya and Vihiga district (western Kenya) for six cropping seasons. Technologies evaluated consisted of the traditional maize (Zea mays L.) – bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercrop, maize – Desmodium (Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC.) push–pull intercrop, Crotalaria (Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don) – maize rotation, and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) – maize rotation. Within each of these systems, imazapyr-coated herbicide-resistant maize (IR-maize) and fertilizer were super-imposed as sub-plot factors. The push–pull system was observed to significantly reduce Striga emergence and stemborer damage from the second season onwards. IR-maize reduced and delayed Striga emergence from the first cropping season. Differences in Striga emergence and stemborer damage between the other systems were not significantly different. After five cropping seasons, the Striga seedbank was significantly higher in the maize-bean intercrop system than in the push–pull system under both maize varieties while the rotational systems had intermediate values not different from the day zero values. Under IR-maize, the Striga seedbank was significantly lower than under local maize for all cropping systems. Maize yields varied between seasons, districts, and cropping systems. Yields in the push–pull system were higher than in the maize-bean intercrop after two seasons and in the absence of mid-season drought stress. Both maize and soybean responded significantly to fertilizer application for both districts and for most seasons. The various interventions did not substantially affect various soil fertility-related parameters after five seasons. In the short term, IR-maize integrated in a push–pull system is the most promising option to reduce Striga while the rotational systems may need a longer timeframe to reduce the Striga seedbank. Finally, farmer-led evaluation of the various technologies will determine which of those is really most acceptable under the prevailing farming conditions. 相似文献
999.
Soomro MT Zahir E Mohiuddin S Khan AN Naqvi II 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(2):285-289
In present study, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd were analyzed by FAAS in green and black tea samples of locally available in the Pakistani market. Na and K were also determined by Flame Photometer. Tea leaves can be the source of mineral components and trace elements, as well as some undesirable substances due to exposure to the environment. Among the metals tested, K was the most abundant one followed by Na, Mn and Fe. Fortunately, toxic heavy metals, Pb and Cd, had the lowest contents in tea samples and also in tea aqueous extracts. Concentration of heavy metals in tea aqueous extract was markedly lower than their total contents except that of K. The solubility of studied metals in tea aqueous extract varied widely and ranged from 0.0-95%. The lowest ranges of solubility were listed for toxic heavy metals Pb and Cd. The possible uptake of metals by the human body from tea aqueous extract has also been determined. The amounts of metals that one may take up through consumption of tea aqueous extract were found to match the acceptable daily intake even taking into account exposure from air, food and drinking water. 相似文献
1000.
Yasinzai MI Kakarsulemankhel JK 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(12):1620-1624
This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of malarial infections in human population in 37 localities of district Zhob, Balochistan, Pakistan. Malarial parasites were identified in the blood slides of suspected patients of the disease from July, 2004 to June, 2006 and encompassed 7748 subjects. Out of 7748 suspected cases of malaria, 3240 (41.8%) were found to be positive for malarial parasite in blood smear slides. Out of positive cases, 1681 (51.8%) were identified as Plasmodium vivax infection and 1559 (48.1%) cases with P. falciparum. However, seasonal variation was also noted with the highest (85.4%: 141/165) infection of P. vivax in March and lowest (18.6%: 59/316) in October while infection of P. falciparum was highest (81.3%: 257/316) in October and lowest (14.5%: 24/165) in March. Infection with P. vivax in male was 75.7% (125/165) in March and in female 26.3% (58/220) in May whereas infection of P. falciparum in male was 61.5% (245/398) in July and in female was 20.5% (65/316) in October. These results are compared with those of other studies done in Pakistan. Cases of P. malariae and P. ovale were not found in the present study. In conclusion it can be pointed out that the high incidence rate of P. vivax (51.8%:1681/3240) in Zhob district poses a significant health hazard because it may also lead to cerebral malaria as it was suggested by previous workers. 相似文献