Use of tilmicosin in a severe outbreak of respiratory disease in weaned beef calves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PR SCOTT  M. McGOWAN  ND SARGISON  CD PENNY  BG LOWMAN† 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(2):62-64

Severe respiratory disease, associated with seroconversion to bovine respiratory syncitial virus (BRSV), caused the death of two cattle and necessitated antibiotic treatment of 70 calves (rectal temperature of 39.6°C or greater) from a group of 96 (73%) during an 8-day period. Tilmicosin injection resulted in a reduction in median rectal temperature from 40.3°C to 39.2°C and 39.0°C for the first and second days after treatment. The rectal temperature was 39.5°C or lower in 72% (48 of 67) and 96% (64 of 67) of cattle 1 and 2 days after tilmicosin treatment, respectively. Ten cattle were re-treated with tilmicosin 6 to 16 days after the first treatment. Our study demonstrated that bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection could cause severe respiratory disease in a beef herd that had no previous history of BRSV-related disease. Secondary bacterial invasion after BRSV infection was controlled effectively by tilmicosin treatment but repeat antibiotic treatments were occasionally necessary due to bacterial re-infection of the respiratory tract.  相似文献   

Patent ductus arteriosus in a Holstein calf: A two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic study of the ductus arteriosus and validation          下载免费PDF全文

O'grady MR  Cockshutt JR  Khanna A  Kloeze HJ  Hoffman AM  Viel L 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1991,32(5):303-304

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Nutrient cycling under mixed-species tree systems in southeast Asia     

P. K. Khanna 《Agroforestry Systems》1997,38(1-3):99-120

Eucalyptus and Acacia are two tree genera that are commonly used in industrial plantations and as components of agroforestry systems in southeast Asia. These fast-growing trees are mostly grown in monocultures. However, questions are now being raised about the long-term sustainability of their growth as well as their effects on site quality. Losses of N and P from the site through biomass harvest and during site preparation constitute a major nutrient drain. As an alternative to monocultures, mixed-species cultures which include at least one N2-fixing tree species can improve plant productivity and soil N dynamics. Among the various aspects of N dynamics in such stands, export of N during biomass harvest and inputs by the N₂-fixing component are the most important. Reported estimates of the amount of N fixed by acacia and other N₂-fixing trees are highly variable, depending on inherited plant characteristics, tree age, site factors (e.g., drought), soil fertility (e.g., available P, metal toxicities) and unreliable methods of measuring N₂-fixation. Of the available techniques for assessing N₂-fixation by trees, the total N difference method (TND) is the simplest. The contribution of roots to assessments of N₂-fixation is recognized but rarely measured. For short-rotation mixed-species plantations, the amount and time of N transfer from N₂-fixing trees to non-N₂-fixing trees are important issues to consider when attempting to develop productive nutrient management strategies. Based on limited information from trials in southeast Asia, it appears that acacia fixes substantial amounts of N during the first few years of establishment and a significant amount of that N is transferred to adjacent eucalypts, thereby improving the growth and nutrition of the eucalypts. The presumed transfer of N from acacias to eucalypts during the early stages of plantation development probably results from belowground turnover of roots and nodules because aboveground litter decomposition is slight at this stage, and contributes little to the overall N dynamics. The available information on P cycling in mixed-species stands, during the early stages of stand growth, provides inconclusive evidence as to whether the availability of soil P increases, despite indications of higher levels of phosphatase activity in the fine roots of nitrogen-fixing trees. This would imply that additional inputs of P as fertilizer are required to remove any P deficiency in mixed-species stands. Long-term observations are required for better understanding of the nutritional and growth benefits of including N₂-fixing trees in mixed-species stands. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Molybdenum poisoning in feedlot cattle     

DA SWAN  JH CREEPER  CL WHITE  M. RIDINGS  GM SMITH  ND COSTA 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(5):345-349

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Haemoglobin and Albumin Polymorphisms in Indian Water Buffaloes     

N. D. Khanna  M. Brsend 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1968,9(4):316

A total of 507 samples from the Murrah breed of Indian water buffalo were examined for haemoglobin and albumin polymorphism using starch gel electrophoresis. The majority of samples showed the same two band haemoglobin phenotype, A₁A₂, where the fastest band A₁ was about 67 % of total haemoglobin. Two rare phenotypic haemoglobin variants were observed. The one, found in four animals, had three bands and is explained by mutation in the β chain. The other, found in two animals, showed another relationship between the A₁ and A₂ bands than the common type and is assumed to be caused through heterozygosity at a modulating locus. Three albumin phenotypes were observed. Family data were in agreement with these being controlled by two codominant alleles, called Al^F and Al^s. Frequency of Al^F was 0.09 and 0.29 in two different populations. Age and sex did not have any effect on distribution of albumin phenotypes.  相似文献   

Comparative oncology today.     

Melissa C Paoloni  Chand Khanna 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2007,37(6):1023-32; v

The value of comparative oncology has been increasingly recognized in the field of cancer research, including the identification of cancer-associated genes; the study of environmental risk factors, tumor biology, and progression; and, perhaps most importantly, the evaluation of novel cancer therapeutics. The fruits of this effort are expected to be the creation of better and more specific drugs to benefit veterinary and human patients who have cancer. The state of the comparative oncology field is outlined in this article, with an emphasis on cancer in dogs.  相似文献   

Transphrenic approach for the treatment of intrathoracic suppurating lesions in buffaloes.     

J Singh  B Prasad  A K Khanna 《The Indian veterinary journal》1979,56(4):326-328

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Overview of the Third International Workshop on Swine Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens.     

K Haverson  A Saalmüller  B Alvarez  F Alonso  M Bailey  A T Bianchi  W J Boersma  Z Chen  W C Davis  J Dominguez  H Engelhardt  A Ezquerra  L S Grosmaire  M J Hamilton  E Hollemweguer  C A Huang  K V Khanna  G Kuebart  G Lackovic  J A Ledbetter  R Lee  D Llanes  J K Lunney  K C McCullough  T Molitor  J Nielsen  T A Niewold  M D Pescovitz  J M de la Lastra  Z Rehakova  H Salmon  W M Schnitzlein  J Seebach  A Simon  J Sinkora  M Sinkora  C R Stokes  A Summerfield  L Sver  E Thacker  I Valpotic  H Yang  F A Zuckermann  R Zwart 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2001,80(1-2):5-23

The aim of the Third International Workshop on Swine Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (CD workshop), supported by the Veterinary Immunology Committee (VIC) of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS), was to standardize the assignment of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) reactive with porcine leukocyte differentiation antigens and to define new antibody clusters, using nomenclature in accordance with human and ruminant CD nomenclature, as agreed at the summary meeting of the Second International Swine CD Workshop in Davis, 1995: only mAb with proven reactivity for the orthologous porcine gene product or cross-reactivity for the human gene products, were given the full CD nomenclature, all other allocations were prefixed with "w". As in previous workshops, the overall organization was entrusted to the chair and first author, with support by the chair of the previous workshop and second author. In addition to the existing 26 pig leukocyte CD/SWC determinants established in previous workshops, this workshop established/confirmed another 11 CDs for pig leukocytes, identified by a total of 21 mAb: CD11R1 (2 mAb), CD11R2 (1 mAb), CD11R3 (4 mAb), wCD40 (1 mAb), wCD46 (4 mAb), wCD47 (3 mAb), wCD49d (1 mAb), CD61 (1 mAb), wCD92 (1 mAb), wCD93 (1 mAb) and CD163 (2 mAb).  相似文献   

Al cluster superatoms as halogens in polyhalides and as alkaline earths in iodide salts     

Bergeron DE  Roach PJ  Castleman AW  Jones NO  Khanna SN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5707):231-235

Two classes of gas-phase aluminum-iodine clusters have been identified whose stability and reactivity can be understood in terms of the spherical shell jellium model. Experimental reactivity studies show that the Al13I-x clusters exhibit pronounced stability for even numbers of I atoms. Theoretical investigations reveal that the enhanced stability is associated with complementary pairs of I atoms occupying the on-top sites on the opposing Al atoms of the Al13- core. We also report the existence of another series, Al14I-x, that exhibits stability for odd numbers of I atoms. This series can be described as consisting of an Al14I-3 core upon which the I atoms occupy on-top locations around the Al atoms. The potential synthetic utility of superatom chemistry built upon these motifs is addressed.  相似文献   

Effects of fertilizer application and fire regime on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,and nitrogen mineralization in an Australian subalpine eucalypt forest   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A. K. M. A. Hossain  R. J. Raison  P. K. Khanna 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1995,19(2-3):246-252

The effects of a range of fertilizer applications and of repeated low-intensity prescribed fires on microbial biomass C and N, and in situ N mineralization were studied in an acid soil under subalpine Eucalyptus pauciflora forest near Canberra, Australia. Fertilizer treatments (N, P, N+P, line + P, sucrose + P), and P in particular, tended to lower biomass N. The fertilizer effects were greatest in spring and smaller in summer and late actumn. Low-intensity prescribed fire lowered biomass N at a soil depth of 0–5 cm with the effect being greater in the most frequently burnt soils. No interactions between fire treatments, season, and depth were significant. Only the lime + P and N+P treatments significantly affected soil microbial biomass C contents. The N+P treatment increased biomass C only at 0–2.5 cm in depth, but the soil depth of entire 0–10 cm had much higher (>doubled) biomass C values in the line + P treatment. Frequent (two or three times a year) burning reduced microbial boomass C, but the reverse was true in soils under forest burn at intervals of 7 years. Soil N mineralization was increased by the addition of N and P (alone or in combination), line + P, and sucrose + P to the soil. The same was true for the ratio of N mineralization to biomass N. Soil N mineralization was retarded by repeated fire treatments, especially the more frequent fire treatment where rates were only about half those measured in unburnt soils. There was no relationship between microbial biomass N (kg N ha^-1) and the field rates of soil N mineralization (kg N ha^-1 month^-1). The results suggest that although soil microbial biomass N represents a distinct pool of N, it is not a useful measure of N turnover.  相似文献