Effects of chlorpropham (CIPC) on sprouting of individual potato eyes and on plant emergence     

Mie-Soon Lee Kim  E. E. Ewing  J. B. Sieczka 《American Journal of Potato Research》1972,49(11):420-431

The sprout inhibitor chlorpropham (CIPC) was applied in varying concentrations to individual eyes of potato tubers. Sensitivity of a given eye to CIPC depended upon the status of the remaining eyes on the same tuber. If the remaining eyes were inhibited, higher concentrations of CIPC were required for inhibition of the given eye. Apical eyes were more sensitive to CIPC than were lateral eyes. It was confirmed that CIPC is highly volatile and that contaminating levels of CIPC vapors can induce a rosette sprout growth. Seed potatoes treated with low concentrations of CIPC before planting sprouted more slowly than untreated potatoes, and the delay was related to CIPC concentration. At high CIPC levels, total emergence as well as rate of emergence was reduced. However, emergence was far greater than would have been anticipated from the sprouting of similar treated lots held in storage.  相似文献   

Synthesis and characterization of copolyester sizing agents     

Doo Hyun Baik  Gil Lae Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2001,2(1):26-29

The effect of main chain structure of anion-containing copolyesters on the properties of copolyester sizing agents was investigated. The copolyesters were prepared by conventional two step polymerization technique from DMT, DMI, DMS, EG, and DEG. The copolyesters synthesized were characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy,¹H-NMR Spectroscopy, GC, FTIR Spectroscopy, and DSC. The solubility decreased as the DMT content increased. The copolyesters having DMT:DMI=1:1 showed the minimum viscosity. The effect of EG content on the solution stability was not clear and the samples having high DMI content showed better solution stability. The water resistance was best when only DMI and EG were used, while it was worst when DMT:DMI was 1:0.  相似文献   

Effect of free-air CO₂ enrichment on the storage of carbohydrate fixed at different stages in rice (Oryza sativa L.)     

Haruto Sasaki  Takahiro Hara  Satoshi Ito  Naoko Uehara  Han-Yong Kim  Mark Lieffering  Masumi Okada  Kazuhiko Kobayashi 《Field Crops Research》2007

Increasing global atmospheric CO₂ concentrations are expected to influence crop production. To investigate the effect on rice (Oryza sativa L.), plants were grown under ambient CO₂ (AMB) or free-air CO₂-enrichment (FACE) at CO₂ concentrations ranged from 275 to 365 μmol mol⁻¹ above AMB. We supplied ¹³CO₂ to the plants at different growth stages so we could examine the contribution of carbohydrate stored during the vegetative stage or newly fixed carbohydrate produced during the grain-filling stage to ear weight at grain maturity. In plants supplied with ¹³C at the panicle-initiation or pre-heading stages, plants grown under FACE had more starch in the stems at heading, but there was no difference in stem ¹³C content. Furthermore, there were no differences between treatments in whole-plant ¹³C contents at heading and grain maturity. In contrast, plants supplied with ¹³C at the grain-filling stage had more ¹³C in the whole plant and the ears at grain maturity under FACE than under AMB, indicating that the increased amount of photosynthate produced at the grain-filling stage under CO₂ enrichment might be effectively stored in the grains. Furthermore, regardless of when the ¹³C was supplied, plants had more ¹³C in starch in the ears at grain maturity under FACE than under AMB. Therefore, CO₂ enrichment appears to promote partitioning of photosynthate produced during both vegetative and grain-filling stages to the grains.  相似文献   

Preparation and properties of waterborne poly(urethane-urea) ionomers effect of the type of neutralizing agent     

Jung-Eun Yang  Young-Hee Lee  Young-Seok Koo  Young-Jin Jung  Han-Do Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2002,3(3):97-102

A series of waterborne poly(urethane-urea) anionomers were prepared from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polycaprolactone diol (PCL), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), ethylene diamine (EDA), and triethylamine (TEA), NaOH, or Cu(COOCH₃)₂ as neutralizing agent. This study was performed to decide the effect of neutralizing agent type on the particle size, viscosity, hydrogen bonding index, adhesive strength, antistaticity, antibacterial and mechanical properties. The particle size of the dispersions decreased in the following order: TEA based samples (T-sample), NaOH based samples(N-sample), and Cu(COOCH₃)₂ based sample (C-sample). The viscosity of the dispersions increased in the order of C-sample, N-sample, and T-sample. Metal salt based film samples (N and C-sample) had much higher antistaticity than TEA based sample. By infrared spectroscopy, it was found that the hydrogen bonding index (or fraction) of samples decreased in the order of T-sample, N-sample, and C-sample. The adhesive strength and tensile modulus/strength decreased in the order of T-sample, N-sample, and C-sample. The C-sample had strong antibacterial halo, however, T- and N-samples did not.  相似文献   

Isolation,partial purification and characterization of a potato peel ∞-solanine cleaving glycosidase     

A. A. Bushway  RJ. Bushway  C. H. Kim 《American Journal of Potato Research》1990,67(4):233-238

An enzyme which hydrolyzes the rhamnose from ∞-solanine was isolated and partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation from the peels of Kennebec and Wauseon potatoes. Enzyme activity was found to be present in the 60 to 80% ammonium sulfate fraction. Enzyme activity was increased by the use of non-ionic detergents with a mixture of Triton X-100:Triton CF-54 (2:1, w/w) providing the greatest increase in activity. The pH optimum for the rhamnosidase for both varieties was found to be 6.0 while of the temperatures evaluated 42 °C was the optimum temperature. The effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity was determined for both varieties and the Vmax and Km were calculated from Lineweaver-Burke double reciprocal plots. The Vmax and Km for the Kennebec and Wauseon rhamnosidases were found to be 0.27 mg/ml and 5.4 x 10^-4 M and 0.48 mg/ml and 8.2 x 10^-4 M, respectively.  相似文献   

The fabrication and characterization of the photovoltaic cells composed of polydiacetylene and fullerene     

Jeong Ho Song  Tae Jo Kang  Young Don Cho  Sun Hyoung Lee  Jeong Soo Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2006,7(3):217-222

Propargyl alcohol was coupled to 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol (HDD) and crystallized in the process of ultraviolet irradiation-induced topochemical polymerization. The HDD polymer crystals were used as one component in the fabrication of organic photovoltaic cells, in combination with fullerene as the electron acceptor. The various structures of the produced photovoltaic cells included bilayer, trilayer, and bulk heterojunction structures. Their photovoltaic properties were analyzed in relation to crystal structure, electrochemical properties, and band structure of the HDD polydiacetylene polymers.  相似文献   

Rheology of concentrated xanthan gum solutions: Steady shear flow behavior     

Ki-Won Song  Yong-Seok Kim  Gap-Shik Chang 《Fibers and Polymers》2006,7(2):129-138

Using a strain-controlled rheometer, the steady shear flow properties of aqueous xanthan gum solutions of different concentrations were measured over a wide range of shear rates. In this article, both the shear rate and concentration dependencies of steady shear flow behavior are reported from the experimentally obtained data. The viscous behavior is quantitatively discussed using a well-known power law type flow equation with a special emphasis on its importance in industrial processing and actual usage. In addition, several inelastic-viscoplastic flow models including a yield stress parameter are employed to make a quantitative evaluation of the steady shear flow behavior, and then the applicability of these models is also examined in detail. Finally, the elastic nature is explained with a brief comment on its practical significance. Main results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows: (1) Concentrated xanthan gum solutions exhibit a finite magnitude of yield stress. This may come from the fact that a large number of hydrogen bonds in the helix structure result in a stable configuration that can show a resistance to flow. (2) Concentrated xanthan gum solutions show a marked non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior which is well described by a power law flow equation and may be interpreted in terms of the conformational status of the polymer molecules under the influence of shear flow. This rheological feature enhances sensory qualities in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products and guarantees a high degree of mixability, pumpability, and pourability during their processing and/or actual use. (3) The Herschel-Bulkley, Mizrahi-Berk, and Heinz-Casson models are all applicable and have equivalent ability to describe the steady shear flow behavior of concentrated xanthan gum solutions, whereas both the Bingham and Casson models do not give a good applicability. (4) Concentrated xanthan gum solutions exhibit a quite important elastic flow behavior which acts as a significant factor for many industrial applications such as food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic manufacturing processes.  相似文献   

Development of a platform for realistic garment drape simulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sungmin Kim  Chang Kyu Park 《Fibers and Polymers》2006,7(4):436-441

An integrated platform for garment drape simulation system has been developed. In this system, garment patterns from conventional two-dimensional CAD systems can be assembled into a three-dimensional garment on a parametrically resizable realistic human body model. A fast and robust particle-based physical calculation engine has been developed for garment shape generation. Then a series of geometric and graphical techniques were applied to create realistic impressions on simulated garments. This system can be used as the rapid prototyping tool for garments in the future quick-response system.  相似文献   

Relation between chemical structure of yellow disperse dyes and their lightfastness     

Sung Dong Kim  Eun Jin Park 《Fibers and Polymers》2001,2(3):159-163

Five yellow disperse dyes were synthesized and their dyeing, fastness and photodegradation behaviors were investigated. It was found that dyes derived from phenylindole and N-alkylaminobenzene showed dye uptake directly proportional to the dye concentration, but the build-up of dyes derived from carbazole and pyridone were not good. The wavelength at maximum absorption, molar extinction coefficient, and the tendency to the photodegradation were strongly dependent on the electron donating ability of the coupling component. The dye, whose coupling component was phenylindole, possessed the excellent dyeing properties and the high degree of lightfastness. UVA had an effect on the inhibition of the photodegradation especially for the easily photodegradable dyes.  相似文献   

Conjoint analysis of high-performance fabrics for mountaineering jacket     

Eui Kyung Roh  Seong Hun Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2007,8(6):649-653

Conjoint analysis is a method for measuring and modeling consumer preferences for multiattribute alternatives. The purpose of this research was to determine the preferred high-performance fabrics for a mountaineering jacket to identify those fabric attributes best suited to the consumer’s needs. A conjoint analysis was conducted using 120 samples taken from mountaineering club members including university students and amateur hikers, who ranked their preferences in the selection of a hypothetical jacket based on the profiles derived from an orthogonal design. Our results show that the water/windproof attribute was the most important in choosing a hypothetical jacket (27.6 %), followed by price (24.9 %), breathability (24.8 %), durability (18.1 %), and weight (4.6 %).  相似文献