Kurokura Solution as Immobilizing Medium for Spermatozoa of Tench (Tinca tinca L.)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Rodina  J. Cosson  D. Gela  O. Linhart 《Aquaculture International》2004,12(1):119-131

This study tested KUROKURA solution (Kurokura et al., 1984, Aquaculture 37, 267–274) and its modifications (by increasing NaCl content to 160, 180 and 200 mM) on immobilizing properties for sampling and short-term preservation of potential motility of tench spermatozoa. The immobilizing solution is used because, when collected, the sperm of most samples is contaminated by urine, causing spermatozoa to be of poor quality, with low motilities and velocities (almost 0), thus resulting in a worsened fertilization and hatching rate. Sperm was sampled with a syringe containing an immobilizing solution (IS), allowing an IS:sperm ratio of 2:1, under aerobic conditions at 0–4°C. This sperm solution was stored for 10 h and untreated sperm was collected prior to fertilization as a control. Spermatozoa quality was evaluated for the cell motility and velocity parameters and also for fertilization ability and hatching rate. Results obtained for tench sperm motility, velocity, fertilization and hatching rate showed that only sperm collected in the various immobilizing solutions can be successfully used for artificial insemination and preservation after 10 h at 0–4°C. The best immobilizing solution was found to be KUROKURA 180 (180 mM NaCl, 2.68 mM KCl, 1.36 mM CaCl₂· 2H₂O and 2.38 mM NaHCO₃), giving a fertility and hatching rate of 41%, with no change in rates after 10 h storage of sperm. Control sperm without immobilizing solution showed a fertilization and hatching rate of only 6–7%.  相似文献   

Possible degradation of type I collagen in relation to yellowtail muscle softening during chilled storage   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yasutaka  SHIGEMURA  Masashi  O  Kayoko  HARADA  Yasuyuki  TSUKAMASA 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(4):703-709

ABSTRACT:   In this paper, the detection of type I collagen degradation during the softening phenomenon of yellowtail muscle, was examined. Acid soluble collagen was isolated from dorsal ordinary muscle at death and after 24-h chilled storage. In the abundant ratio of subunit components, an increase in β12 chain (5.4 points) and a decrease in components with molecular weights larger than γ chain (7.0 points) after 24-h chilled storage, was found. Type I collagen was detected in the alkali-soluble fraction by SDS-PAGE. Its amount calculated from hydroxyproline contents in alkali-soluble fraction was increased from 0.097 mg/g muscle to 0.155 mg/g muscle during 24-h storage. The increased alkali-soluble collagen (0.058 mg/g muscle) was about 1.4% of whole collagen. These results suggest that a slight decomposition of type I collagen of yellowtail muscle may occur and subsequently becomes alkali-soluble corresponding to postmortem softening.  相似文献   

Histological and histochemical changes in the digestive tract of white sturgeon larvae during ontogeny   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

A. Gawlicka  S. J. Teh  S. S. O. Hung  D. E. Hinton  J. de la Noüe 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1995,14(5):357-371

Ontogenetic changes in digestive tract histology and digestive enzyme histochemistry were investigated 11 to 36 days post-hatch in white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus larvae. From initiation of exogenous feeding (12 days post-hatch), larvae were fed a commercial salmonid diet for the ensuing 24 days. The digestive system of white sturgeon displayed a high degree of morphologic organization and functionality at the onset of exogenous feeding. An enhancement of digestive capacities occurred with transition to active feeding. On day 2 of feeding, there was a clear increase of alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase M, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, and -glutamyl transpeptidase activity in the brush border of the spiral intestine. This strong activity is an apparent confirmation of the importance of this segment of the intestine for protein digestion and nutrient absorption. The functional development of the pyloric intestine occurred on day 4 and was concomitant with an increase in the activity of brush border and cytoplasmic enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase, dipeptidyl peptidase II, - and -galactosidases. The absence of acetylcholinesterase, lactase, nonspecific esterase, and weak activity of exopeptidases and alkaline phosphatase in the anterior intestine suggests that this segment of the intestine may be less important in nutrient absorption than the pyloric and spiral intestines. The observed quantitative and qualitative differences in enzyme activity along the intestine indicate a high degree of specialization of each segment for specific digestive and absorptive processes.  相似文献   

Optimum protein-to-energy ratio for two size groups of rabbitfish, Siganus canaliculatus (Park)     

O.M. YOUSIF  M.F. OSMAN  A. A. ANAWHI  T. CHERIAN 《Aquaculture Nutrition》1996,2(4):229-233

Three approximately isoenergetic (17 kJ g^?1) diets were formulated with dietary protein levels of 270, 360 and 480 g kg^?1 (DM basis) providing protein-to-energy ratios of 15.69, 20.48 and 27.16 mg crude protein (CP) kJ^?1, respectively. The effects of these diets on several growth and nutritional parameters were evaluated for the fry (2.50 ± 0.184 g) and fingerlings (11.53 ± 0.023 g) of Siganus canaliculatus (Park). Maximum growth and best feed utilization efficiency of fry were obtained using the diet containing 480 g kg^?1 protein and P:E ratio of 27.16 mg CP kJ^?1. For fingerlings the best results were obtained with the diet containing 360 g kg^?1 protein and P:E ratio of 20.48 mg CP kJ. Body composition of the fry was not affected by the feeding regime whilst the effect was evident in the fingerling groups. The carcass protein content of the fingerling was observed to increase with increasing P:E ratios while lipid content decreased as P:E increased.  相似文献   

Deuteromycotic fungi infecting barramundi cod, Cromileptes altivelis (Valenciennes), from Australia     

Bowater RO  Thomas A  Shivas RG  Humphrey JD 《Journal of fish diseases》2003,26(11-12):681-686

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The toxicity, absorption and excretion of rotenone in oysters (Ostrea edulis), and its degradation in seawater at temperatures near 0°C     

O. B. Samuelsen  E. Solheim  H. Otter    J. P. Pedersen 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1988,70(4):355-363

A rapid extraction procedure and a HPLC method for quantitative measurements of the concentration of rotenone in oysters (Ostrea edulis) and in seawater is presented. The absorption rate of rotenone by oysters was rapid. With an average rotenone concentration in the seawater of 26 ppb, the concentration in the oysters reached 4.6 ppm after 4 days of exposure. The t_1/2 of the excretion of rotenone was 40 h at 10°C. The absorption rate was highly affected by both the rotenone concentration in the seawater and the seawater temperature. Rotenone was quite stable in seawater at low temperatures. At an average temperature close to 0°C, 18% of the rotenone added was still present 45 days after preparing the solution (1 ppm Gullviks rotenone mixture) in seawater. The acute mortality observed was closely related to the measured concentration of rotenone in the oysters.  相似文献   

The study on the cytology and histochemistry of lymphoid organ spheroids in Penaeus chinensis     

Ming Yu Shao  Zhi Feng Zhang  Kyoung Ho Kang  Zong Tao Chen  Jae Min Kim 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2004,240(1-4):463-471

The lymphoid organ spheroids (LOS) were investigated by cytological and histochemical techniques in Penaeus chinensis. The results showed that the LOS only appeared in the individuals with relatively large lymphoid organ (long diameter>2 mm.). The LOS were mainly made up of two types of cells, one of which had a low cytoplasm to nuclear volumetric ratio, developed marginated chromatin and 1–2 nucleoli, while the other had large cytoplasm to nuclear volumetric ratio, homogeneous chromatin, and no or only one nucleolus. These two kinds of cells all contained mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The necrotic cells could usually be observed. The LOS showed negative PAS reaction, weak positive phenoloxidase, and negative -naphthyl-acetate esterase (-NAE).  相似文献   

Evidence of ongoing coagulation and fibrinolysis in early-maturing Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. SALTE  K. NORBERG  O. R. óDEGAARD 《Journal of fish diseases》1995,18(6):623-626

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Do extracellular products of Aeromonas salmonicida induce thrombosis by entering the fish coagulation system at factor X?     

R. SALTE  K. NORBERG  O. R. ØDEGAARD 《Journal of fish diseases》1991,14(3):401-406

Abstract. Thrombosis of minute vessels is a common feature of acute furunculosis in Atlantic salmon. Crude extracellular products (F.CP) of Aeromans, salmonicida injected into the dorsal aorta of cannulated fish elicited an activation of the coagulations systems of the fish When screened with a number of chromogenic substrates, the ECP protease revealed a factor-X like activity. Thus, it may he hypothesized that the ECP induces thrombosis by entering the fish coagulation systems at factor X. and that thrombus formation is a way of creating a site of infection.  相似文献   

The GnRH systems in the brain and pituitary of normal and hCG treated European silver eels     

O. Kah  S. Dufour  S. Baloche  B. Breton 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1989,6(5):279-284

The distribution of immunoreactive GnRH was studied in the brain and pituitary gland of normal and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) injected silver eels. It was found that the general organization of GnRH systems in this species is similar to that reported in other teleosts. Cell bodies were present in the olfactory bulbs, ventral telencephalon, periventricular hypothalamus and dorsal tegmentum. No positive perikarya could be detected in the preoptic region. Only scarce fibers were observed in the proximal neurohypophysis. Treatment with hCG does not modify the distribution of GnRH but it increases the density of positive structures, in particular at the level of the pituitary. The results are discussed in relation with the present status of knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the blockage of sexual maturation in the European eel at the silver stage.  相似文献