Effects of local anaesthesia of 4 to 8 hours duration on the acute cortisol response to scoop dehorning in calves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

CM McMEEKAN  DJ MELLOR  KJ STAFFORD  RA BRUCE  RN WARD  NG GREGORY 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(4):281-285

Objective To determine the effect of a long-acting local anaesthetic on the plasma cortisol response in calves dehorned using a scoop.
Design A physiological study with controls.
Procedure Seventy female calves, 3 to 4 months old, were divided into seven groups and dehorned by scoop with or without a long acting local anaesthetic (bupivacaine) which provides local anaesthesia for 3 to 4 h. In some treatment groups the local anaesthetic was given a second time, after 4 h, to give 8 h of anaesthesia. Blood samples were taken before and for 9 h after treatment and plasma cortisol concentrations were measured.
Results Scoop dehorning caused a marked rise in plasma cortisol concentration, which returned to pre-dehorning values after 7 h. The cortisol concentrations of calves given bupiva-caine were similar to those of control animals for 4 h after dehorning, but then a significant and protracted rise occurred, with concentrations returning to pretreatment values at about 9 h after dehorning. In calves given a second treatment of bupivacaine 4 h after dehorning, the plasma cortisol concentration remained similar to control values for 8 h after dehorning but then increased sharply.
Conclusions During its period of activity long-acting local anaesthetic prevented the rise usually seen after scoop dehorning in plasma cortisol concentrations; by inference it also alleviated the pain-induced distress caused by this procedure. However, when its effects had worn off the plasma cortisol values rose sharply indicating that animals still experienced pain-induced distress despite local anaesthetic being administered.  相似文献   

La récolte et le transfert d'embryons chez la chèvre Angora          下载免费PDF全文

Jacques P  St-Pierre H  Picard L  King WA  Chartrain I  Baronet D 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(7):581-584

The objective of this study was to analyze the efficiency of embryo collection and transfer in Angora goats during the breeding season. Synchronization was obtained by placing an intravaginal sponge for either a short period of time (11 days + PGF_2α) or a long period (17 to 21 days). Thirty-three goats were superovulated, embryo collection was not attempted on seven goats (four did not respond to the superovulation treatment, three did not show estrus), and four gave oocytes only. The embryos of one goat are still frozen. The remaining 21 goats produced 285 embryos of which 187 (66%) were transferred (fresh or thawed) to 66 recipients; 36 (55%) recipients remained pregnant and gave birth to 63 kids (34% of the transferred embryos). The superovulation and transfer techniques used in this study provided a large number of transferable embryos. However, the percentage of embryos that reach term could be improved by more strict selection of the recipients and of the embryos to be transferred, and by improving the embryo freezing technique.  相似文献   

Significance of organochlorine and heavy metal residues in wintering shorebirds at Corpus Christi, Texas, 1976-77     

D H White  K A King  R M Prouty 《Pesticides monitoring journal》1980,14(2):58-63

Organochlorine and heavy metal residues were determined in 103 shorebirds of seven species collected at Corpus Christi, Texas, during the winter of 1976-77 to evaluate their potential effects on population survival, DDE and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were detected in most samples. Chlordane isomers, dieldrin, toxaphene, and heptachlor epoxide also occurred, but less frequently. In general, organochlorine residues were low in skinned carcasses. Geometric means on a wet weight basis ranged from 0.25 ppm to 4.76 ppm for DDE and from 0.67 ppm to 6.64 ppm for PCBs; residues of the other compounds averaged less than 1 ppm in all instances. Mercury, lead, arsenic and vanadium occurred in all shorebird livers, and selenium and cadmium were detected in all kidneys. Residues of these metals, except selenium, were low in most tissue samples. Selenium averages varied from 1.77 ppm to 5.62 ppm (wet weight) in kidneys; residues in this range may be sufficient to inhibit reproduction or to induce other forms of toxicity, especially at the higher levels.  相似文献   

Synovial butorphanol concentrations and mechanical nociceptive thresholds after intravenous regional limb perfusion in standing sedated horses     

Naomi E. Crabtree  Cathleen A. Mochal‐King  Pearce B. Sloan  Alison L. Eddy  Robert W. Wills  Ashley N. Meredith  Robin L. Fontenot 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(8):1473-1482

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Rangeland Ecology & Management,Volume 72, Issue 1: Canadian Prairie Rangeland and Seeded Forage Classification Using Multiseason Landsat 8 and Summer RADARSAT-2     

Emily J. Lindsay  Douglas J. King  Andrew M. Davidson  Bahram Daneshfar 《Herpetological Monographs》2019,41(1):73-76

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Effect of reducing inspired oxygen concentration on oxygenation parameters during general anaesthesia in horses in lateral or dorsal recumbency          下载免费PDF全文

E Uquillas  CM Dart  NR Perkins  AJ Dart 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(1-2):46-53

Objective

To compare the effects of two concentrations of oxygen delivered to the anaesthetic breathing circuit on oxygenation in mechanically ventilated horses anaesthetised with isoflurane and positioned in dorsal or lateral recumbency.

Methods

Selected respiratory parameters and blood lactate were measured and oxygenation indices calculated, before and during general anaesthesia, in 24 laterally or dorsally recumbent horses. Horses were randomly assigned to receive 100% or 60% oxygen during anaesthesia. All horses were anaesthetised using the same protocol and intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) was commenced immediately following anaesthetic induction and endotracheal intubation. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed and oxygenation indices calculated before premedication, immediately after induction, at 10 and 45 min after the commencement of mechanical ventilation, and in recovery.

Results

During anaesthesia, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen was adequate in all horses, regardless of position of recumbency or the concentration of oxygen provided. At 10 and 45 min after commencing IPPV, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen was lower in horses in dorsal recumbency compared with those in lateral recumbency, irrespective of the concentration of oxygen supplied. Based on oxygenation indices, pulmonary function during general anaesthesia in horses placed in dorsal recumbency was more compromised than in horses in lateral recumbency, irrespective of the concentration of oxygen provided.

Conclusion

During general anaesthesia, using oxygen at a concentration of 60% instead of 100% maintains adequate arterial oxygenation in horses in dorsal or lateral recumbency. However, it will not reduce pulmonary function abnormalities induced by anaesthesia and recumbency.  相似文献   

Imbrication of the medial retinaculum to repair a bilateral traumatic lateral patellar luxation in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos)     

SA Biasutti  J Cross  CM Dart  E Uquillas  LB Jeffcott 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2018,66(1):48-49

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Effect of astaxanthin on the quality of boar sperm stored at 17°C,incubated at 37°C or under in vitro conditions          下载免费PDF全文

A Basioura  CM Boscos  I Parrilla  G Tsousis  IA Tsakmakidis 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(2):463-471

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the antioxidant astaxanthin on boar semen. Twenty ejaculates from 10 boars (two ejaculates/boar) were extended and split in three groups: semen control (SC), solvent control (C; semen with dimethyl sulfoxide, the diluent of astaxanthin) and semen with astaxanthin (A) in concentration 0.5 μmol/L. Sperm quality parameters (motility and kinetics, morphology, viability, functional integrity of sperm plasma membrane by Hypo‐Osmotic Swelling Test [HOST] and DNA integrity) were assessed at 0, 24 and 48 hr of storage at 17°C (experiment I), before (0 hr) and after (1 hr) of sperm thermal resistance assay at 37°C (experiment II) and finally before (0 hr) and after (1 hr) sperm in vitro incubation (38.5°C, 5% CO₂, maximum humidity [experiment III]). In experiment I, group A performed overall better than group SC and as a tendency better than group C regarding viability. Total motility, rapid spermatozoa and HOST remained constant across time in group A, whereas they decreased in the remaining groups. In experiment II, regarding motility and viability, group A displayed better results across time than the other two groups. In experiment III, viability and total motility decreased in groups SC and C, while in group A, these parameters were not significantly different between the examination time points. In conclusion, astaxanthin has a beneficial and protective effect on boar semen quality under the investigated conditions.  相似文献   

Resistance to synthetic pyrethroids in the bollworm,Heliothis armigera from Andhra Pradesh,India     

A. R. McCaffery  A. B. S. King  A. J. Walker  H. El-Nayir 《Pest management science》1989,27(1):65-76

Helio this armigera collected in October 1987 from Juzzuru in the coastal cotton growing district of Krishna in Andhra Pradesh (Eastern India) were highly resistant to cypermethrin and fenvalerate and moderately resistant to endosulfan. Prior to this, in 1986, H. armigera in the Hyderabad area were resistant to DDT but not to pyrethroids or endosulfan. By late 1987 these latter populations were highly resistant to pyrethroids and mildly resistant to endosulfan. Concurrently, the resistance to DDT increased. It is suggested that resistant moths from the east coast migrated downwind in a northwesterly direction with the prevailing winds which occur at that time of year. The level of pyrethroid resistance in H. armigera infesting pigeon-pea and chick-pea fields around Hyderabad increased steadily up to March 1988. These results are discussed with special reference to the resistance mechanisms likely to be involved.  相似文献   

Tumour regression in mice after treatment with extracts of the bone marrow from cattle harbouring tick-borne infections.     

A C King 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1978,45(2):141-142

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