Laryngeal Paralysis-Polyneuropathy Complex in Young Rottweilers     

Orla M. Mahony  Kim E. Knowles  Kyle G. Braund  Damon R. Averill Jr.  Angela E. Frimberger 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1998,12(5):330-337

Five Rottweiler puppies from 3 unrelated litters developed inspiratory stridor at 11–13 weeks of age. Physical examination disclosed tetraparesis in all dogs, and bilateral lenticular cataracts in 4 dogs. Laryngeal examination under light anesthesia showed laryngeal paralysis in all dogs. Electrodiagnostic testing revealed denervation potentials in the distal appendicular muscles of 4 dogs tested and in the intrinsic laryngeal muscles of 2 dogs tested. Motor nerve conduction velocity was slightly low in 1 dog. Neurogenic muscular atrophy was found in distal appendicular muscles (n = 3) and intrinsic laryngeal muscles (n = 2), and degenerative changes were found in peripheral nerves (n = 3) and recurrent laryngeal nerves (n = 2). No abnormalities were detected in the spinal cord, spinal nerve roots, or ganglia of 3 dogs autopsied. The clinical, electrophysiologic, and histopathologic findings support a diagnosis of polyneuropathy and resemble the finding reported in young Dalmatians. Young dogs with laryngeal paralysis should be evaluated neurologically to rule out a more generalized polyneuropathy. The condition is suspected to be hereditary in nature and the prognosis is poor.  相似文献   

Potential effect of vibration during transport on glycogen reserves in broiler chickens     

Warriss PD  Brown SN  Knowles TG  Edwards JE  Duggan JA 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》1997,153(2):215-219

Subjection of broiler chickens to random, narrow band vibration (2, 5, 10 Hz) for 1 h, simulating that experienced during normal road transport, did not significantly influence liver or muscle glycogen concentrations or muscle ultimate pH (pHu). Vibration for 3 h increased body temperature (P<0.05) and decreased (P<0.01) pHu in both 'white' pectoralis superficalis (PS) and 'red' biceps femoris (BF) muscles overall, but did not affect liver or muscle glycogen concentrations. However, higher vibration frequencies resulted in reduced (P<0.05) glycogen concentrations in liver and BF muscle. The conclusion was that vibration was unlikely to be the major cause of muscle glycogen depletion seen in transported broilers, but the reduction in pHu in the PS muscle after vibration may have been related to the similar effect seen in previous studies after normal transport.  相似文献   

Experimental infection of rabbits with ovine herpesvirus 2 from sheep nasal secretions     

Gailbreath KL  Taus NS  Cunha CW  Knowles DP  Li H 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,132(1-2):65-73

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Evaluation of a monoclonal antibody-based approach for the selection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine strains     

Mahapatra M  Aggarwal N  Cox S  Statham RJ  Knowles NJ  Barnett PV  Paton DJ 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,126(1-3):40-50

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus exists as seven serotypes within which are numerous variants necessitating careful selection of vaccine strains. Currently, a serological assay system based on the use of polyclonal vaccine antisera is widely used for this selection. However, inherent variability in the matching antisera used makes the tests poorly reproducible and difficult to interpret. In this study, we have explored the possibility of replacing or supplementing the polyclonal antibody (PAb)-based method with one based on use of monoclonal antibodies (MAb). Panels of MAbs raised against two serotype O vaccine strains were examined for reactivity with 22 field viruses, isolated over a 10-year period between 1991 and 2001. Antigenic site 2 was found to comprise more than one epitope. The sequence variation in capsid protein VP2 harbouring antigenic site 2 was analysed and the amino acid residues at positions 79 and 134 appeared to greatly influence the binding of site 2 MAbs. Prediction of antigenic match based on MAb reactivity did not correlate closely with the results of a PAb-based "gold-standard" method and it was concluded that a wider panel of MAbs are needed that recognise all protective epitopes present on the surface of FMD virus together with a better understanding of those epitopes which are important in conferring protection.  相似文献   

Probable route of infection for the second UK 2007 foot-and-mouth disease cluster     

Schley D  Knowles NJ  Gubbins S  Gloster J  Burgin L  Paton DJ 《The Veterinary record》2008,163(9):270-271

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Motor neuron abiotrophy in a saluki.     

M Kent  K Knowles  E Glass  A deLahunta  K Braund  J Alroy 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》1999,35(5):436-439

A nine-week-old saluki puppy was presented to Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine for progressive, generalized weakness and bilateral forelimb deformities. Examination suggested a diffuse neuromuscular lesion. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed normal nucleated cell count and protein level; however, many macrophages had vacuolated cytoplasm. Electromyography (EMG) recordings suggested denervation in paraspinal and appendicular muscles. Tibial motor nerve conduction velocity was normal, but direct evoked muscle potential had reduced amplitude. Histopathology revealed diffuse, symmetrical, degenerative motor neuronopathy of the ventral horn of the spinal cord with associated lesions in nerves and muscles. Histopathology was consistent with an abiotrophy that was likely inherited.  相似文献   

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONING PROCESS OF ACCELERATING AND CONTROLLING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SALMON SMOLT AND SUBSEQUENT SALT WATER MATURATION     

Albert H. Knowles  Robert H. Rines 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1981,12(2):96-97

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The relationships of bacteria with their osmotic and ionic environments     

C. J. Knowles 《Pest management science》1973,4(6):861-862

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The response of pigs to being loaded or unloaded onto commercial animal transporters using three systems     

Brown SN  Knowles TG  Wilkins LJ  Chadd SA  Warriss PD 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,170(1):91-100

Groups of pigs were subjected to three different systems of loading and unloading to and from commercial animal transporters. The systems under trial were: the use of a hydraulic tail-lift, a tail board ramp at an angle of 18 degrees and a modular system. The module was a container 2 m x 2.4 m x 1 m high into which the pigs were loaded. The module could then be lifted on and off the lorry with a fork lift truck. Non-invasive monitoring techniques were used to study the responses of the pigs. A subjective handling score, time taken to load and unload, skin temperature, heart rate and salivary cortisol were recorded. Loading and unloading were subjectively assessed as being easiest and quickest using the modular system, which also appeared to be less physically demanding for the animals, as evidenced by lower heart rate and a reduced maximum heart rate. However, with the modular system, elevated cortisol was found during the loading, unloading and resting periods. This could be interpreted as indicating that the pigs were unable to settle in the module and suffered some small degree of stress, which might become more of a problem during prolonged transport. Of the other two systems, there appeared to be little difference between the hydraulic tail-lift and the ramp.  相似文献   

Testing for CAE virus     

Knowles S 《The Veterinary record》2001,148(10):320

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