Prevalence of equine herpesvirus type 1 strains of neuropathogenic genotype in a major breeding area of Japan     

Tsujimura K  Oyama T  Katayama Y  Muranaka M  Bannai H  Nemoto M  Yamanaka T  Kondo T  Kato M  Matsumura T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(12):1663-1667

A single non-synonymous nucleotide substitution of guanine (G) for adenine (A) at position 2254 in the viral DNA polymerase gene (encoded by open reading frame [ORF] 30) of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) has been significantly associated with neuropathogenic potential in strains of this virus. To estimate the prevalence of EHV-1 strains with the neuropathogenic genotype (ORF30 G(2254)) in the Hidaka district--a major horse breeding area in Japan--we analyzed the ORF30 genomic region in cases of EHV-1 infection in this area during the years 2001-2010. Of the 113 cases analyzed, 3 (2.7%) were induced by ORF30 G(2254) strains. This prevalence is lower than those observed in the U.S.A. (10.8-19.4%), Argentina (7.4%), France (24%), and Germany (10.6%).  相似文献   

Heterogeneity of circulating autoantibody profiles in canine autoimmune subepidermal blistering dermatoses     

Nishifuji K 《Veterinary dermatology》2011,22(1):118-118

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Effects of transforming growth factor-β3 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 on the pathogenesis of chronic mitral valvular disease in dogs     

Obayashi K  Miyagawa-Tomita S  Matsumoto H  Koyama H  Nakanishi T  Hirose H 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(2):194-202

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Effects of oocyte‐derived paracrine factors on release of extracellular vesicles by murine mural granulosa cells in vitro     

Yuta Matsuno  Natsumi Maruyama  Wataru Fujii  Kunihiko Naito  Koji Sugiura 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)

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Supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid and linoleic acid increases the production of epidermal ceramides in in vitro canine keratinocytes     

Ji‐Seon Yoon  Koji Nishifuji  Toshiro Iwasaki 《Veterinary dermatology》2020,31(5):419-e112

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Effects of hydroxy-aluminum on flocculation and permeability of silt and clay fractions separated from paddy soils     

Koji Wada  Yasutaka Tsumori  Yoshikazu Nitawaki  Kazuhiko Egashira 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):313-322

Flocculation tests and permeability measurements were carried out for silt and clay fractions separated from surface and subsurface horizons of four paddy soils. There was not much difference in the flocculating power between A1(OH)_2.2C1_0.8 and CaSO₄. Their flocculation value, 0.3 to 3 mM, was attained by adding the reagents at the rate of 0.24 to 2.4 mmol/100 g of the silt and clay. The flocculation with A1(OH)_2.2C1_0.8 or CaSO₄ did not affect the sediment volume of the silt and clay. This sediment volume was smaller for the surface than for the subsurface horizons of each soil, suggesting that soil organic matter and repetition of wetting and drying contribute to the stable aggregation of the silt and clay in the surface horizon. The permeability was higher for the silt and clay fractions separated from the surface horizon than that from the subsurface horizon, and the addition of 2.5 to 4.2 mmol of A1(OH)_2.2C1_0.8 or CaSO₄/100g of the silt and clay increased its permeability by 1.5 to 4 times. The effect of A1(OH)_2.2C1_0.8 was more lasting than that of CaSO₄ and was recognized even after 200 ml of water passed through 1 g of the silt and clay. The effect of the flocculating reagent on the permeability was more or less enhanced by air-drying the treated silt and clay.  相似文献   

Adsorption of alkali chloride and ammonium halide on halloysite     

Koji Wada 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):137-144

It is generally accepted that broken bonds are the major cause of cation exchange in kaolin minerals, although the studies of a “fireclay” type of kaolin mineral (8) and hydrated halloysite (12, 15) seem to indicate that lattice substitutions, such as that found for 2 : 1 type of clay minerals, account for the fairly large parts of the cation-exchange capacities of some kaolin clays, particularly with poor crystallinity.  相似文献   

Relationship between the change in the chloroplastic nitrogen fractions and the rate of oxygen evolution in rice plants     

Koji Morita  Michiyoshi Kono 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):263-271

Chloroplasts and the lamellae systems were isolated from rice leaves and the change with leaf age in the nitrogen fractions localized in the lamellae systems and the stroma region was examined. The pattern of the change in these two chloroplastic nitrogen fractions varied according to the leaf position. In order to find out the relationship between the change in the chloroplastic nitrogen fractions and the photosynthetic activity of a leaf, the rate of oxygen evolution of leaf sections on a total leaf nitrogen basia was also followed. The rate of oxygen evolution/total leaf nitrogen was affected by two factors. i.e., lamellae nitrogen/total leaf nitrogen and the lamellae-stroma composition of the chloroplast. An increase in lamellae nitrogen/total leaf nitrogen caused an increase in oxygen evolution, whereas an increaae in the proportion of stroma nitrogen in chloroplast brought about the negative effect. Consequently, oxygen evolution/total leaf nitrogen had a close correlation with an index of lamellae nitrogen²/total leaf nitrogen × chloroplast nitrogen. The relationship with the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaf nitrogen is also discussed.  相似文献   

The reduction mechanism of manganese in paddy soils     

Koji Yoshida  Takao Kamura  Kyoichi Kumada 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):337-349

Hydroquinone method manganese (soluble in pH 7.0, 1 N-ammonium acetate solution containing 0.2 percent hydroquinone) and microbially active manganese (soluble in pH 7.0, 1 M-magnesium sulfate solution after flooding soils with or without Chinese milk vetch for 12 or 20 days respectively at 30°C) of 22 paddy soils were determined. The amounts of manganese reduced with sodium oxalate under acid conditions (oxalate method manganese (a) and (b), the former was determined under more rigorous conditions than the latter) were also determined and compared with hydroquinone method manganese and microbially active manganese.

Their levels of many soil samples representing soil groups were also determined to examine the dlfferences In amounts of active manganese among soil groups. The results obtained are as follows.

The relationship between microbially and chemically active manganese. 1) The amounts of microbially active manganese in soils were 48 to 68 mg Mn per 100 g oven-dried soil and these were increased by the addition of Chinese milk vetch. 2) The amounts of hydroquinone method manganese were less than microbially active manganese, and the amounts of oxalate method manganese (b) were larger than microbially active manganese. The amounts of oxalate method manganese (a) were the largest of all the types of manganese. 3) There were high correlations between the amounts of various types of active manganese described in 2). The levels of microbially and chemically active manganese. 1) The amounts of microbially active manganese lay between the amounts of chemically active manganese determined by the hydroqulnone method and by the oxalate method (b) In all soil samples representing soil groups. High correlations were found between these types of active manganese. 2) The hydroquinone method was considered to be unsuitable for quantitatively determining the amounts of chemicallY active manganese in soils of high organic matter content. 3) In both cases of microbially active manganese and chemically active manganese, tha widest range and the largest amount determined were both observed in strongly gley soila. The averages of theae types of active manganese were high in strongly gley soils, pea, and muck soils, and black soils. The differences among soil groups were smalle1 than the differences among soil samples, and little tendency was observed in the differences among soil groups.

From these findings described above it is suggested that the oxalate methoo (b) is more appropriate than the hydroqulnone method for determining chemically active manganese as an index of microbially active manganese.  相似文献   

Characterization of zinc adsorption sites in two mineral soils     

Koji Wada  Aly Abd-Elfattah 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):417-426

The adsorption of Zn, as compared with Mg, on two mineral soils, which differed in their major cation-exchange materials and with and without Ca-saturation, was measured in the presence of free CaCl₂.

The adsorption of Zn as well as Mg occurred on cation-exchange sites. The Zn adsorption data conformed to a two-term Langmuir equation. The presence of two kinds of adsorption sites and their numbers and bonding energies were deduced. However, the Langmuir approach was not adopted on the basis of comparison between the total number of the adsorption sites for Zn deduced and the CEC of the soils.

As an alternative approach, the selectivity coefficient as defined by the equation:

was calculated for each adsorption equilibrium and plotted against the amount of Zn adsorbed. This [Zn]_soil plot was used to estimate the capacities of the soil to adsorb Zn with specified affinities. The value varied between 1 and 1,000, whereas the corresponding value varied only between 0.5 and 1. The value was dependent upon the amount of Zn adsorbed, the status of exchangeable cations, and the major cation-exchange materials (montmorillonite VS. allophane-imogolite) in the soils. The importance of surface OH groups in allophane-imogolite as specific adsorption sites for Zn was suggested.  相似文献