Angiotensin I-converting enzyme-inhibitory peptides obtained from chicken collagen hydrolysate     

Saiga A  Iwai K  Hayakawa T  Takahata Y  Kitamura S  Nishimura T  Morimatsu F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(20):9586-9591

In this study, collagen extracted from chicken legs (which are the yellow keratin parts containing a nail) was hydrolyzed with various enzymes, and the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity of each hydrolysate was determined. The hydrolysate by treatment with an Aspergillus species-derived enzyme had the highest activity (IC 50 = 260 microg/mL). The fraction of this hydrolysate obtained by ultrafiltration with a molecular-weight cutoff of 3000 Da (low fraction) had a stronger activity (IC 50 = 130 microg/mL) than the fractionated one. This fraction was further fractionated by HPLC, and the peptides in the fraction with high ACE-inhibitory activity were identified. The amino acid sequences of the four peptides were identified using a protein sequencer. These peptides were synthesized to confirm their ACE-inhibitory activities; this showed that peptides with a Gly-Ala-Hyp-Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro sequence had the highest activity (IC 50 = 29 microM). When the low fraction was administered to spontaneous hypertensive rats, a decrease in their blood pressure was observed after 2 h of administration, and a significant decrease in blood pressure (-50 mmHg) was observed after 6 h. Moreover, long-term administration studies indicated that the low fraction showed a significant suppression of increased blood pressure.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of an H1N2 swine influenza virus isolated in Miyazaki, Japan, in 2006   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Saito T  Suzuki H  Maeda K  Inai K  Takemae N  Uchida Y  Tsunemitsu H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(4):423-427

Swine influenza virus (SIV) was isolated from a farm in Miyazaki Prefecture in Japan in July 2006. An isolate was genetically subtyped as H1N2 and was designated A/swine/Miyazaki/1/2006 (H1N2). The nucleotide sequences of all eight viral RNA segments were determined, and then phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbor-joining method. All segments were shown to be closely related to those of Japanese SIV H1N2 isolates, which have been circulating since the 1980s. The results indicate the persistence of the SIV H1N2 subtype in the Japanese pig population for more than two decades and emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance for SIV.  相似文献   

Histopathological characteristics of hepatic lipogranulomas with portosystemic shunt in dogs     

Isobe K  Matsunaga S  Nakayama H  Uetsuka K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(2):133-138

In the canine liver with portosystemic shunts (PSS), focal lesions consisting of cells with cytoplasmic brown pigments and lipid vacuoles are often observed in the hepatic parenchyma. Termed lipogranulomas, their histopathological characteristics have been little studied. In the present study, we examined liver biopsy samples from 144 dogs (age: 3 months-16 years; 65 PSS and 79 non-PSS cases), and investigated the histopathological characteristics, incidence, and density of lipogranulomas. Lipogranulomas were detected histopathologically in 55.4% of PSS dogs. The lesions were then grouped into 3 types according to the amount of cytoplasmic lipid vacuoles and brown pigments. The pigments were positive for Berlin blue, PAS, and Sudan black B, but negative with the Hall method. The majority of the cells were immunohistochemically positive for macrophage scavenger receptor, class A (MSR-A), while no cells were positive for hepatocyte-antigen and albumin. The cytoplasmic pigments were recognized as electron-dense microgranular materials by electron microscopy. The incidence of lipogranulomas was significantly higher in the PSS group than non-PSS group when dogs less than 1 year old were excluded. The lipogranuloma density in the liver was significantly higher in the PSS group. It is concluded that lipogranulomas are frequently observed in liver biopsies of canine PSS especially in dogs more than 1 year old. The lesions consisted of Kupffer cells and/or macrophages, and the cytoplasmic brown pigments are ceroid and hemosiderin. The pathogenesis of lipogranuloma in PSS needs to be clarified.  相似文献   

Hypereosinophilic syndrome in two cats     

Takeuchi Y  Matsuura S  Fujino Y  Nakajima M  Takahashi M  Nakashima K  Sakai Y  Uetsuka K  Ohno K  Nakayama H  Tsujimoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(10):1085-1089

Two cats showing chronic vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss were found to have leukocytosis with marked eosinophilia. Both cats were diagnosed with hypereosinophilic syndrome by the findings of increased eosinophils and their precursors in the bone marrow, eosinophilic infiltration into multiple organs, and exclusion of other causes for eosinophilia. Although cytoreductive chemotherapy with hydroxycarbamide and prednisolone was performed, these two cats died 48 days and 91 days after the initial presentation.  相似文献   

Epidemic of equine influenza among vaccinated racehorses in Japan in 2007   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yamanaka T  Niwa H  Tsujimura K  Kondo T  Matsumura T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(6):623-625

On August 2007, we encountered equine influenza epidemic by Florida sub-lineage strain (H3N8) in Japan Racing Association's facilities where 4142 racehorses in total were stabled. The number of new febrile cases sharply increased, but the occurrence was rapidly calmed down within 2 weeks. The morbidity rate in these facilities was 12.8% and the subclinical infection rate of healthy racehorses examined by rapid antigen detection tests was 19.4% at the early stage of epidemic. The serological studies along with the low morbidity rate and the existence of numbers of asymptomatically infected racehorses, suggested that the cross-reactivity of the antibodies provided by vaccination against the epidemic strain contributed to reducing the morbidity rate and duration of epidemic.  相似文献   

Muscle tissue kinetics of oxytetracycline following intramuscular and oral administration at two dosages to giant freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)     

A. POAPOLATHEP  S. POAPOLATHEP  U. JERMNAK  K. IMSILP  N. WANNAPAT  Y. SUGITA‐KONISHI  S. KUMAGAI 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2008,31(6):517-522

The giant river shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), a native species of Thailand, is either exported for commercial purposes or supplied to meet the local requirements in Thailand. Limited pharmacokinetic information of the major antibiotic, oxytetracycline (OTC), is available for this freshwater shrimp. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the muscle tissue kinetics of OTC in M. rosenbergii following either intramuscular (i.m.) or oral (p.o.) administration at two dosages of 11 and 22 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). The concentration of OTC in shrimp tissues was measured using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a fluorescence detector. Muscle tissue concentrations were below the detection limit (LOD, 0.1 μg/g) after 96 and 120 h, following i.m. and p.o. administration, respectively. Peak muscle concentrations (C_max) were 3.47 and 1.73 μg/g after i.m. and p.o. administration at a single dose of 11 mg/kg b.w. whereas they were 6.03 and 2.51 μg/g at a single dose of 22 mg/kg b.w., respectively. A noncompartment model was developed to describe the pharmacokinetics of OTC in the giant freshwater shrimp. The terminal half‐lives of OTC were 28.68 and 28.09 h after i.m. and p.o. administration at a single dose of 11 mg/kg b.w., but 29.95 and 27.03 h at a single dose of 22 mg/kg b.w., respectively. The relative bioavailability was 82.32 and 64.67% following i.m. and p.o. administration, respectively. Based on the pharmacokinetic data, i.m. and p.o. administration with OTC at a dose of 11 mg/kg b.w. would be appropriate for use in giant freshwater shrimp farming. To avoid the OTC residue in shrimp muscle, it should take at least seven half‐lives (8 days) to wash out the drug from the muscle of M. rosenbergii.  相似文献   

Embryo collection from pigs post‐pseudopregnancy induced by estradiol dipropionate     

Yuri Hirayama  Koji Yoshioka  Michiko Noguchi  Koji Misumi 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(12):1523-1529

We aimed to define whether embryo collection carried out after pseudopregnancy was of similar outcome and quality as after artificial abortion. To induce pseudopregnancy, 30 gilts or sows were given 20 mg intramuscular estradiol dipropionate (EDP) 10–11 days after the onset of estrus. Ten additional pigs were inseminated artificially at natural estrus as a control group. Prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α) was administered twice with a 24 hr interval beginning 15, 20, or 25 days after EDP‐treatment (n = 10 per group) or between 23 and 39 days after artificial insemination in control pigs. Following this, all pigs were given 1,000 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin and 500 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and then inseminated. Embryos were recovered 6 or 7 days after hCG treatment and outcome was recorded. There was no significant difference in the number of normal embryos collected from the pigs with PGF_2α initiated at different time points or from the control group. Embryonic developmental stages 7 days after hCG treatment also did not differ among groups. These results indicate that the use of EDP to induce pseudopregnancy, followed by PGF_2α administration to synchronize estrus for subsequent embryo harvest, is a suitable alternative to the artificial abortion method.  相似文献   

Short-term transportation in a small vehicle affects the physiological state and subsequent water consumption in goats     

Masato AOYAMA  Akihito NEGISHI  Akiko ABE  Yuko MAEJIMA  Shoei SUGITA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(4):526-533

We investigated the physiological effects on goats of transportation for one hour in a small truck. We also investigated food and water consumption after transportation. Eight adult goats (four castrated males and four ovariectomized females) were used. Plasma levels of cortisol, glucose and free fatty acids increased significantly within 15 min of the start of transportation, and these higher levels were maintained throughout transportation. These results indicate that transportation in a small truck activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system in goats. Despite activation of the sympathetic nervous system, heart rate (HR) in subjected animals during transportation did not differ from during the control animals, which were housed in their usual pen. However, after the transportation had ended and the goats started to eat fodder, HR increased significantly. There was no difference in the amount of food consumption between the control and transported goats. Water consumption in the first three hours after transportation was significantly lower in the transported goats than in the controls for the equivalent period. In the subsequent three hours, however, the transported goats consumed more water than the controls. Consequently, the total water consumption of the transported goats did not differ from that of the controls during the six hours after transportation. In conclusion, short-term transportation with a small vehicle activated the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system in goats. HR was not increased during transportation, but after the transportation had ended HR in transported goats was higher than that in control goats. After transportation, goats had consumed the same amount of food as control goats, but water consumption during three hours after the transportation was lower than that of control goats.  相似文献   

Molecular sexing of Jungle crow (Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis) and Carrion crow (Corvus corone corone) using a feather     

Emiko FUKUI  Shoei SUGITA  Midori YOSHIZAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(2):158-162

A molecular sexing method using the intron‐size difference between chromo‐helicase‐DNA binding protein (CHD1) genes on the Z and W sex chromosomes (CHD1Z and CHD1W, respectively) was developed for wild Jungle crows and wild Carrion crows. The polymerase chain reaction product sizes were 661 bp for CHD1Z and 465 bp for CHD1W in both the Jungle and the Carrion crows. Each male crow sample produced a single fragment (CHD1Z), whereas female samples produced two fragments (CHD1Z and CHD1W), which differed by 200 bp in crows. In the present study, sexing live Jungle and Carrion crows was performed by applying the method to a feather for molecular sexing.  相似文献   

Energy expenditure for chewing in sheep fed timothy or sudangrass hay at the same intake level     

Tomoyuki SUZUKI  Naosumi TAKUSARI  Koji HIGUCHI  Mitsunori KURIHARA  Fuminori TERADA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(5):590-596

In order to investigate the energy expended in chewing during eating and rumination in sheep fed timothy or sudangrass hay at the same intake level, the energy expenditure of the head was measured using the arterial-venous difference technique and that of the whole body was measured using an open-circuit, indirect respiration calorimeter. There was no difference in the per-chew energy expenditure between timothy hay and sudangrass hay during eating and rumination, but for both types of hay there was a difference in energy expenditure between eating (0.25 J per chew per kilogram body weight) and rumination (0.18 J per chew per kilogram body weight). There was no effect of time period after feeding on the energy expended in one chew during eating and rumination. On average, for a given type of hay, the energy expended in chewing during eating + rumination accounted for 4.9% of the daily energy expenditure of the whole body.  相似文献