Quantitative studies of erythropoiesis in the clinically normal, phlebotomized, and feline leukemia virus-infected cat   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K J Wardrop  J W Kramer  J L Abkowitz  G Clemons  J W Adamson 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(10):2274-2277

Erythropoiesis was evaluated in 5 cats at base line with normal PCV and then in the same cats with anemia induced by phlebotomy and in 5 other cats with nonregenerative anemia from community-acquired feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection. The hematologic evaluation included complete blood cell and reticulocyte counts, marrow morphologic features, determination of serum erythropoietin concentrations by radioimmunoassay, ferrokinetic studies, and in vitro marrow culture of early erythroid progenitors (erythroid burst-forming units; BFU-E) and late erythroid progenitors (erythroid colony-forming units; CFU-E). Phlebotomized cats developed marrow erythroid hyperplasia and an increased reticulocyte count. Ferrokinetic studies revealed an increase in plasma iron turnover from 1.4 to 3.8 mg of Fe/dl of blood/day and RBC use from 50.4% to 78.5%. The mean CFU-E number and CFU-E/BFU-E ratio increased after phlebotomy, but the increase was not significant (P greater than 0.05). Serum erythropoietin values did increase significantly. In FeLV-infected cats, a nonregenerative anemia was demonstrated by marrow erythroid hypoplasia and a low total reticulocyte count. An increased percentage of rubriblasts and prorubricytes was observed in 4 of the 5 cats. Although serum erythropoietin values were high (321 +/- 123 mU/ml vs normal 14 +/- 1 mU/ml), ferrokinetic data revealed decreased erythropoiesis. Marrow culture studies in the FeLV-infected cats also revealed low numbers of BFU-E and CFU-E, but normal numbers of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors remained. Seemingly, the FeLV infection impaired the ability of feline marrow to respond physiologically to anemia.  相似文献   

Plasma Taurine Concentrations in Normal Dogs and in Dogs With Heart Disease     

George A. Kramer  Mark D. Kittleson  Philip R. Fox  Julia Lewis  Paul D. Pion 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1995,9(4):253-258

Plasma taurine concentrations were determined in 76 dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), 28 dogs with acquired valvular disease (AVD), and 47 normal (control) dogs. The data were collected at 2 referral centers. The Animal Medical Center, New York, NY (AMC), and the University of California, Davis (UCD), and the studies were conducted independently. Different anticoagulants (sodium citrate at AMC and lithium heparin at UCD) were used to collect the plasma samples. Paired analysis of samples showed a significant difference in plasma taurine concentrations, depending on the anticoagulant used. Consequently, results from each clinic were analyzed separately. Plasma taurine concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with AVD (median, 133 nmol/mL; range, 25 to 229 nmol/mL) than in control dogs (median, 63 nmol/mL; range 44 to 224 nmol/mL) and dogs with DCM (median, 72 nmol/mL; range, 1 to 247 nmol/mL) at AMC (P= .001). The number of dogs with AVD at UCD was too small to draw meaningful conclusions. At UCD, the median plasma taurine concentration was 98 nmol/mL (range, 28–169 nmol/mL) in dogs with AVD, 75 nmol/mL (range, 0.1–184 nmol/mL) in dogs with DCM, and 88 nmol/mL (range 52–180 nmol/mL) in control dogs. There were no significant differences in plasma taurine concentrations between dogs with DCM and the control dogs at either hospital. Congestive heart failure and administration of cardiac medication had no significant effect on plasma taurine concentrations. Plasma taurine concentration was low (<25 nmol/mL) in 17% (13/76) of the dogs with DCM. Seven of the 13 dogs with low plasma taurine concentrations were Cocker Spaniels or Golden Retrievers. It was concluded that most dogs with DCM do not have low plasma taurine concentrations. However, certain breeds or individual dogs may have low plasma taurine concentrations in association with DCM. Whether this association is causal or not is unknown. The significance of the high plasma taurine concentrations in dogs with AVD is also unknown.  相似文献   

Studies of the pharmacokinetic profile,in vivo efficacy and safety of injectable altrenogest for the suppression of oestrus in mares          下载免费PDF全文

FF McConaghy  LA Green  S Colgan  LH Morris 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(7):248-255

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Response to Letter to the Editor: Do we have to redefine lameness in the era of quantitative gait analysis          下载免费PDF全文

S. Adair  M. Baus  J. Belknap  R. Bell  M. Boero  C. Bussy  F. Cardenas  T. Casey  J. Castro  W. Davis  M. Erskine  R. Farr  T. Fischer  B. Forbes  T. Ford  R. Genovese  R. Gottschalk  M. Hoge  C. Honnas  G. Hunter  J. Joyce  A. Kaneps  K. Keegan  J. Kramer  C. Lischer  J. Marshall  M. Oosterlinck  P. Radue  R. Redding  S. K. Reed  M. Rick  E. Santschi  M. Schoonover  M. Schramme  John Schumacher  R. Stephenson  R. Thaler  J. Vedding Neilsen  D. A. Wilson 《Equine veterinary journal》2018,50(3):415-417

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Do Abrasion- or Temperature-Based Techniques More Effectively Relieve Physical Dormancy in Seeds of Cold Desert Perennials?     

Olga A. Kildisheva  Todd E. Erickson  David J. Merritt  Matthew D. Madsen  Kingsley W. Dixon  Jacqueline Vargas  Remy Amarteifio  Andrea T. Kramer 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2018,71(3):318-322

Seed dormancy can present a significant barrier to restoration outcomes in dryland systems. Physical and combinational (physical + physiological) dormancy are prevalent among seeds of many herbaceous perennials used in restoration of drylands throughout the western United States. Although many techniques designed to alleviate these dormancy traits exist, their efficacy is species specific, may result in embryo damage, and may have limited large-scale application. To identify the most effective means of dormancy alleviation with the potential to be used on an operational scale, we examined the effects of 16 temperature-based techniques (altering temperature and duration of wet heat, freezing and wet heat, and freeze-thaw cycles) and 6 abrasion-based techniques (altering pneumatic scarification length or using a single duration of manual scarification) on the enhancement of seed permeability among two physically dormant (western prairie clover [Dalea ornata {Douglas} Eaton & Wright] and Munro’s globemallow [Sphaeralcea munroana {Douglas} Spach]) and two combinationally dormant species (basalt milkvetch [Astragalus filipes Torr. ex A. Gray] and longspur lupine [Lupinus arbustus {Douglas} ex Lindl.]). We first assessed seed imbibition following exposure to all temperature- and abrasion-based techniques to identify those most successful at promoting seed permeability and then evaluated the effectiveness of those techniques through a series of germination experiments. For combinationally dormant species, we also tested whether exposure to GA₃ enhanced germination. Abrasion-based techniques were more effective than temperature-based techniques at improving water uptake across all species. Pneumatic scarification significantly improved germination, but optimal treatment durations were species specific. GA₃ did not enhance germination under the tested conditions. We conclude that pneumatic scarification is a fast, safe, and effective method for alleviating physical seed dormancy with a potential to be scaled up for operational use in restoration.  相似文献   

Forstwirtschaftliche Betrachtung von Wegebreite und Randwirkung     

H. Kramer 《European Journal of Forest Research》1958,77(9-10):295-310

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Monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Slovenia     

Vengust G  Grom J  Bidovec A  Kramer M 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2006,53(5):247-249

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious multi-systemic haemorrhagic viral disease of pigs. Not only domestic pigs, but also wild boar appear to play a crucial role in the epidemiology of CSF. Spleen (n = 739) and blood coagulum (n = 562) sampled from wild boars (Sus scrofa) shot in 2002, and serum samples from 746 wild boar shot in 2003 and 2004, were tested throughout Slovenia. In 2002, 17 samples were positive on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for antibodies against classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Positive ELISA test was confirmed by a virus neutralization test. All other samples were negative. This is the first report that describes the epidemiology of CSFV from 2002 on, and the monitoring of the wild boar population in Slovenia at present.  相似文献   

Dietary probiotic supplementation and resulting effects on performance, health status, and microbial characteristics of primiparous sows     

Böhmer BM  Kramer W  Roth-Maier DA 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2006,90(7-8):309-315

In an experiment with 33 first-litter sows from day 90 of pregnancy to day 28 of lactation, the influence of a probiotic supplementation on weight performance, feed intake, litter sizes, litter weights, health status and microbiological profile was tested. Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134 was supplemented in a concentration of 5 x 10(8) CFU/kg feed to the gestation and lactation diets of gilts. The supplemented sows showed a significant higher improvement of feed intake (4.16 vs. 3.71 kg/day), litter size (9.2 vs. 7.7 piglets) and weight performance. The average live weight of the probiotic sows at day 28 of lactation was 11 kg higher than of the controls. The bacterial counts/g faeces (lactobacilli, Gram-positive anaerobes, Gram-negative anaerobes, Escherichia coli and enterococci) and the incidence of adhesive and haemolytic E. coli organisms revealed no significant differences between the sows of the two groups or their piglets. While the litter size cannot necessarily be assumed as a primary effect of the probiotic supplementation, the significantly better feed intake and weight performance might be partly due to the probiotic use and can prevent "starvation sterility" of young sows after their first litter caused by reduced feed intake during lactation with high mobilization of body tissue accompanied with lack of energy.  相似文献   

A study of the comparative anatomy of the brain of domestic ruminants using magnetic resonance imaging     

Schmidt MJ  Langen N  Klumpp S  Nasirimanesh F  Shirvanchi P  Ondreka N  Kramer M 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(1):85-93

Although magnetic resonance imaging has been used to examine the brain of domestic ruminants, detailed information relating the precise anatomical features in these species is lacking. In this study the brain structures of calves (Bos taurus domesticus), sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hircus) and a mesaticephalic dog (Canis lupis familiaris) were examined using T2-weighed Turbo Spin Echo sequences; three-dimensional models based on high-resolution gradient echo scans were used to identify brain sulci and gyri in two-dimensional images. The ruminant brains examined were similar in structure and organisation to those of other mammals but particular features included the deep depression of the insula and the pronounced gyri of the cortices, the dominant position of the visual (optic nerve, optic chiasm and rostral colliculus) and olfactory (olfactory bulb, olfactory tracts and piriform lobe) systems, and the relatively large size of the diencephalon.  相似文献   

Porencephaly in dogs and cats: magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical signs     

Schmidt MJ  Klumpp S  Amort K  Jawinski S  Kramer M 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2012,53(2):142-149

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of brain lesions in 5 dogs and 2 cats characterized by extensive cystic changes of the cerebral hemispheres in terms of a porencephaly are presented. Age at diagnosis ranged from 12 weeks to 7 years. MRI findings were confined to the forebrain. Porencephalic lesions appeared as wedge-shaped parenchymal defects connecting the ventricular system and the subarachnoid space or as large cystic defects in the cerebral hemispheres. Although in two adult dogs the porencephalic lesions were asymptomatic, the other animals showed clinical symptoms depending on the affected cerebral area. Three animals had seizures. Interestingly, four animals showed neurological signs normally not localized to the forebrain (nystagmus, hypermetria, ataxia). Whether these clinical signs are related to impaired function of the cerebral cortex or to not recognizable lesions in the cerebello-vestibular system could not be further clarified. Although the defects develop intrauterine or postnatal, the clinical symptoms can occur later in life. The definition of porencephaly as well as its subclassification is not uniform in veterinary medicine. We suggest the term encephaloclastic porencephaly unregarding the underlying cause of the defect, which cannot be further specified by diagnostic imaging.  相似文献