Molecular biology. HNFs--linking the liver and pancreatic islets in diabetes     

Kulkarni RN  Kahn CR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5662):1311-1312

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Phenotypic recurrent selection for oil content in East Indian lemongrass     

R. N. Kulkarni 《Euphytica》1994,78(1-2):103-107

Summary Phenotypic recurrent selection was carried out for oil content in East Indian lemongrass, Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud) Wats. In each cycle, the top 5% of plants for oil content were selected. Their ramets were used for the establishment of replicated polycross blocks in isolation. Realized gains from selection were determined by evaluating the populations and the best clones from each population in separate two-year replicated trials. Three cycles of recurrent selection increased oil content by 32% per cycle at the population level. Realized gains from selection were slightly smaller or similar to predicted gains. Mean realized heritability for oil content was 0.56. At the clonal level, the best C₁ and the best C₂ clones had, respectively, a 22% and 73% higher oil content than the best clone from the base population (C₀). Selection for oil content did not adversely affect leaf yield, dry matter content or citral content in oil. Probable reasons for the high response to selection are mentioned.  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to Pythium dieback in the medicinal plant periwinkle     

R. N. Kulkarni  K. Baskaran 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(2):184-187

Inheritance of resistance to dieback, caused by Pythium aphanider‐matum, in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) was studied using a dieback‐resistant dwarf mutant, Dw, with a green stem, and a susceptible accession, OR, with a purple stem. Plants of parental F₁, F₂ and backcross generations were evaluated for resistance to dieback in a randomized complete block design with four replications, in a field plot that had been continuously planted with periwinkle in previous years and where dieback severity was high. Resistance to dieback was evaluated on two dates, i.e. when distinct differences between plants of the parental strains were noticed. From both quantitative and qualitative analyses of data, resistance to dieback appeared to be governed by a single gene (with a broad‐sense heritability of 0.85 and 0.79, depending on the date of evaluation), and was inherited independently of genes governing dwarfness and stem pigmentation.  相似文献   

Stimulation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seedling Vigour by Smoke-water and Butenolide     

M. G. Kulkarni  S. G. Sparg  M. E. Light  J. van Staden 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2006,192(5):395-398

The newly identified smoke‐compound butenolide (3‐methyl‐2H‐furo[2,3‐c]pyran‐2‐one) can improve seedling vigour. This study highlights the effects of smoke‐water and butenolide on shoot and root elongation of a local rice variety. Smoke‐water (1 : 500) and butenolide (10^?8 m ) treatments significantly increased shoot length. A low concentration of butenolide (10^?10 m ) promoted maximum root length and seedling weight, which were significantly different from the control. Butenolide‐treated (10^?8 m ) seedlings had a significantly greater number of lateral roots than untreated seedlings. The vigour index of smoke‐water (1 : 500) and butenolide‐treated (10^?8 m ) rice seeds was significantly higher than that of untreated seeds. These findings suggest the possible use of butenolide for promoting vigorous seedlings in rice.  相似文献   

Studies on the immunomodulatory activity of flavonoidal fraction of Tephrosia purpurea     

Damre AS  Gokhale AB  Phadke AS  Kulkarni KR  Saraf MN 《Fitoterapia》2003,74(3):257-261

The flavonoid fraction of Tephrosia purpurea (FFTP) was studied for its effect on cellular and humoral functions and on macrophage phagocytosis in mice. Oral administration of FFTP (10-40 mg/kg) significantly inhibited sheep red blood cells (SRBC)-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. It also produced a significant, dose-related decrease in sheep erythrocyte-specific haemagglutination antibody titre. However, the fraction failed to show a significant change in the macrophage phagocytic activity. The results obtained indicate the ability of the flavonoidal fraction of T. purpurea to modulate both the cell-mediated and the humoral components of the immune system.  相似文献   

Influence of plant growth stage on the essential oil content and composition in Davana (Artemisia pallens wall.)     

Mallavarapu GR  Kulkarni RN  Baskaran K  Rao L  Ramesh S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(1):254-258

The influence of three plant growth stages (full emergence of flower heads, anthesis, and initiation of seed set) on the essential oil content and composition in Davana (Artemisia pallens Wall) was investigated over two successive seasons. The essential oil content was found to be higher at the full emergence of flower heads than at anthesis and initiation of seed set stages. The contents of davanone, the major constituent of davana oil, and linalool decreased while those of (Z)- and (E)-methyl cinnamate, (E)-ethyl cinnamate, bicyclogermacrene, davana ether, 2-hydroxyisodavanone, and farnesol increased from flower heads emergence stage to the initiation of seed set stage. These results support the general practice of harvesting the crop at full bloom stage. Five compounds, viz., (Z)- and (E)-methyl cinnamates, (Z)- and (E)-ethyl cinnamates, and geranyl acetate, were identified for the first time in davana oil.  相似文献   

Ultraviolet absorption method applied to organic matter in sea water     

R. N. Kulkarni 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1975,5(2):231-237

Ultraviolet absorption by sea water has been measured using a Dobson spectrophotometer which compares the intensities of two wavelengths, one less than 3500. Å and another greater than 4000 Å. The technique which is simple and rapid may find application in a number of fields such as tracing of water masses and detection of water pollution. The sample results have been discussed with reference to the land drainage systems in the North Eastern sector of Port Phillip Bay, in regard to the soluble organic material in sea water. A comparison of UV absorption by drinking water (from Melbourne water supply) and by sea water shows that drinking water has the same amount of dissolved organic matter present as the shore water.  相似文献   

Penectomy in case of urethral rupture in a bullock     

K S Deshpande  P E Kulkarni  R G Kunthawar 《The Indian veterinary journal》1969,46(9):822-825

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Individual and combined effects of genes producing opposite effects on plant height in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus)     

Raghavendra Narayanrao Kulkarni  Kuppusamy Baskaran 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(2):123-129

An extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12), a bushy mutant (EMS 24-5), their parental variety Nirmal, and their double mutant recombinant were used to study individual and combined effects of genes producing opposite effects on plant height in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). Plant height of the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) was controlled by epistatic inhibitory interaction between two independently inherited dominant genes, Et and H; Et producing extremely tall phenotype and H inhibiting Et. Both genes were inherited independently of plant height-reducing recessive gene by in the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5). Individually, genes Et and by increased and reduced plant height at harvest (when plant were 9 months old) by 90 and 25%, respectively, over parental variety. The double mutant recombinant (Etby) was taller than the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5) and variety, Nirmal but shorter than the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) at different stages. At 1 to 7 weeks after germination, its height was 7.4 to 30.0% greater than the mid-parental value but 5.8 to 30.5% shorter than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by. At the age of 4 to 9 months, its height was 5.4 to 40.1% greater than the mid-parental value and 5.6 to 44.1% (except at 5 months) greater than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by, suggesting age-dependent epistatic interaction between the genes. No interaction effects were observed for leaf and root yields or contents of alkaloids in leaves and roots.  相似文献   

Role of Indigenous Mycorrhizal Species in Enhancing Physiological and Biochemical Status,Nutrient Acquisition and Yield Pattern of Groundnut (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arachis Hypogaea</Emphasis> L.)     

Prerna Balkrishna Pawar  Jose Savio Melo  Hemlata Madhav Kotkar  Mohan Vinayak Kulkarni 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2018,21(1):23-33

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important and increasingly well-recognized role in agro ecosystems. Beneficial soil microorganisms like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil health are key factors for producing safe plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form a symbiotic association with roots of plants and facilitate plant growth through enhancing uptake of several macro- and micro-nutrients of low mobility in soil, like phosphorus, zinc, copper, etc. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 10 different isolated mycorrhizal species viz. Glomus mosseae, Glomus clarum, Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus intraradices, Glomus ambisporum, Gigaspora gigantea, Acaulospora denticulata, Glomus globiferum, Gigaspora albida, and Glomus pansiholus on growth, yield, and essential nutrient content of groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.). Plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi showed significant increments in growth, yield, and nutrient uptake as compared to control (uninoculated) plants. Amongst all, plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae were more efficient in increasing growth parameters, enzymatic activities of nitrate reductase, and alkaline phosphatase as well as total yield as compared to other mycorrhizal inoculated plants. Overall, the study showed an additive effect of all mycorrhizal species on plant physiology. Thus, this study provides an important insight that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are most suitable for sustainable agriculture which will improve and help in increasing the growth as well as yield of groundnut.  相似文献