Reproductive performance of 2-year-old Hereford and Angus heifers as influenced by pre- and post-calving energy intake   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T G Dunn  J E Ingalls  D R Zimmerman  J N Wiltbank 《Journal of animal science》1969,29(5):719-726

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SNOMED representation of explanatory knowledge in veterinary clinical pathology     

Zimmerman KL  Wilcke JR  Robertson JL  Feldman BF  Kaur T  Rees LR  Spackman KA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(1):7-16

BACKGROUND: The Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) is an established standard nomenclature for the expression of human and veterinary medical concepts. Nomenclature standards ease sharing of medical information, create common points of understanding, and improve data aggregation and analysis. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine whether SNOMED adequately represented concepts relevant to veterinary clinical pathology. METHODS: Concepts were isolated from 3 different types of clinical pathology documents: 1) a textbook (Textbook), 2) the Results sections of industry pathology reports (Findings), and Discussion sections from industry pathology reports (Discussion). Concepts were matched (mapped) by 2 reviewers to semantically-equivalent SNOMED concepts. A quality score of 3 (good match), 2 (problem match), or 1 (no match) was recorded along with the SNOMED hierarchical location of each mapped concept. Results were analyzed using Cohen's Kappa statistic to assess reviewer agreement and chi-square tests to evaluate association between document type and quality score. RESULTS: The percentage of good matches was 48.3% for the Textbook, 45.4% for Findings, and 47.5% for Discussion documents, with no significant difference among documents. Of remaining concepts, 40% were partially expressed by SNOMED and 14% did not match. Mean reviewer agreement on quality score assignments was 76.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Although SNOMED representation of veterinary clinical pathology content was limited, missing and problem concepts were confined to a relatively small area of terminology. This limitation should be addressed in revisions of SNOMED to optimize SNOMED for veterinary clinical pathology applications.  相似文献   

Congenital stationary night blindness in a Thoroughbred and a Paso Fino     

Nunnery C  Pickett JP  Zimmerman KL 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2005,8(6):415-419

This report documents congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) in two non-Appaloosa horse breeds (Thoroughbred and Paso Fino). History of vision impairment since birth, normal ocular structures on ophthalmic examination, and electroretinographic findings were consistent with CSNB. In one horse (Thoroughbred), a 9-year follow-up was carried out. In the Paso Fino, severe vision impairment from birth to approximately 1 year of age in both dim and bright light situations led to humane euthanasia and histopathologic confirmation of the disorder.  相似文献   

Epidemiological investigations of bovine Chorioptes mange in Germany     

Beck W  Pfister K  Weiland G 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2005,118(3-4):128-133

Chorioptic mange in cattle has long been recognised as a common external parasitosis in livestock. In order to evaluate the economic importance of Chorioptes bovis-mange, the seasonal prevalence in several types of husbandry in the states of Germany, location of clinical skin symptoms, procedure of diagnosis, influence on milk or meat production, and treatment especially in dairy farming, 1190 German large animal practicioners have been asked by questionnaires from which 367 responded. This paper gives an update on important epidemiological investigations on bovine chorioptic mange due to this inquiry. Since more than one third of the questioned veterinarians see tail mange often, it is of high importance for farm cattle. Chorioptes mange mainly occurs in dairy cattle stocks, and has especially negative effects on milk production and meat productivity. For treatment of this external parasitosis mainly macrocyclic lactons and pyrethroids are used.  相似文献   

Analgesic efficacy of preoperative administration of meloxicam or butorphanol in onychectomized cats     

Carroll GL  Howe LB  Peterson KD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,226(6):913-919

OBJECTIVE: To determine analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of preemptive administration of meloxicam or butorphanol in cats undergoing onychectomy or onychectomy and neutering. DESIGN: Randomized controlled study. ANIMALS: 64 female and 74 male cats that were 4 to 192 months old and weighed 1.09 to 705 kg (2.4 to 15.5 lb). PROCEDURE: Cats received meloxicam (0.3 mg/kg [0.14 mg/lb], s.c.) or butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg [0.18 mg/lb], s.c.) 15 minutes after premedication and prior to anesthesia. A single blinded observer measured physiologic variables, assigned analgesia and lameness scores, and withdrew blood samples for each cat at baseline and throughout the 24 hours after surgery. Rescue analgesia (butorphanol, 0.4 mg/kg, i.v. or s.c.) or administration of acepromazine (0.025 to 0.05 mg/kg [0.011 to 0.023 mg/lb], i.v.) was allowed. RESULTS: Meloxicam-treated cats were less lame and had lower pain scores. Cortisol concentration was higher at extubation and lower at 1, 5, and 12 hours in the meloxicam-treated cats. Fewer meloxicam-treated cats required rescue analgesia at 3, 5, 12, and 24 hours after extubation. General impression scores were excellent or good in 75% of meloxicam-treated cats and 44% of butorphanol-treated cats. There was no treatment effect on buccal bleeding time; PCV and BUN concentration decreased in both groups, and glucose concentration decreased in meloxicam-treated cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Preoperative administration of meloxicam improved analgesia for 24 hours without clinically relevant adverse effects in cats that underwent onychectomy or onychectomy and neutering and provided safe, extended analgesia, compared with butorphanol.  相似文献   

Toxicity, pathogenicity, and genetic differentiation of five species of fusarium from sorghum and millet     

Leslie JF  Zeller KA  Lamprecht SC  Rheeder JP  Marasas WF 《Phytopathology》2005,95(3):275-283

ABSTRACT Fusarium isolates recovered from sorghum and millet are commonly identified as F. moniliforme, but with the recognition of new species in this group, the strains given this name are being re-evaluated. We analyzed five strains each from five Fusarium species (F. andiyazi, F. nygamai, F. pseudonygamai, F. thapsinum, and F. verticillioides) often associated with sorghum and millet for their ability to produce fumonisin and moniliformin, their toxicity to ducklings, and their ability to cause disease on sorghum seedlings in vitro. These species can be distinguished with isozymes (fumarase, NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase) and with banding patterns resulting from amplified fragment length polymorphisms. Two species, F. pseudonygamai and F. thapsinum, produced high levels of moniliformin, but little or no fumonisins, and were consistently highly toxigenic in the duckling tests. Two species, F. verticillioides and F. nygamai, produced high levels of fumonisins, but little or no moniliformin, and also were toxigenic in the duckling tests. F. andiyazi produced little or no toxin and was the least toxigenic in the duckling tests. In sorghum seedling pathogenicity tests, F. thapsinum was the most virulent followed by F. andiyazi, then F. verticillioides, and finally F. nygamai and F. pseudonygamai, which were similar to each other. Thus, these five species, which would once have all been called F. moniliforme, differ sufficiently in terms of plant pathogenicity and toxin production profile, that their previous misidentification could explain inconsistencies in the literature and differences observed by researchers who thought they were all working with the same fungal species.  相似文献   

Direct and indirect markers of cartilage metabolism in synovial fluid obtained from dogs with hip dysplasia and correlation with clinical and radiographic variables     

Fujita Y  Hara Y  Nezu Y  Yamaguchi S  Schulz KS  Tagawa M 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(12):2028-2033

OBJECTIVE: To compare activities of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and contents of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (S-GAG) in joint fluid obtained from dogs with hip dysplasia (HD) and clinically normal dogs, evaluate correlations among these markers in joint fluid obtained from dogs with HD, and evaluate correlations between each marker and clinical and radiographic variables. Animals-26 dogs with HD (clinical group) and 43 clinically normal Beagles (control group). PROCEDURE: Joint fluid was aseptically collected from the hip joints of all dogs. For each dog in the clinical group, age, duration of lameness, radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) score, and Norberg angle in each affected joint were recorded. Activities of IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and MMP-3 and S-GAG contents were measured. Values were compared between groups by use of Mann-Whitney U tests, and the Spearman rank correlation test was used to evaluate correlations among markers and between each marker and clinical or radiographic variables. RESULTS: Values of all markers were significantly higher for the clinical group, compared with values for the control group. There was a moderate positive correlation between lameness duration and IL-6 activity and a strong negative correlation between the Norberg angle and IL-1beta activity. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Analysis of our results indicated that there was a significant increase in markers of OA in dogs with HD. Activities of IL-1beta and IL-6 in joint fluid of dogs with HD may be influenced by the severity of laxity in the hip joint and lameness duration, respectively.  相似文献   

Einfluß von Licht,Temperatur und Stickstoffernährung auf Wachstum und Chlorophyllgehalt der Chlorophyllmutantexantha 5 vonLycopersicon esculentum Mill     

Kurt Gröber  Otto Machold 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1965,13(1):247-256

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Bakterien,Pilze und Algen: ein neuer Typ von Kulturpflanzen     

Mothes  Kurt 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1954,2(1):237-255

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution -  相似文献   

Multivalente Assoziationen in diploiden Pollenmutterzellen der Tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) und ihre Bedeutung für das Problem der Chromosomengrundzahl     

Kurt Gröber 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1961,9(1):146-162

Zusammenfassung 1. Bei der Tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum) zeigen in den frühen meiotischen Stadien die terminalen Makrochromomeren, die sog. Telomeren, besondere Paarungstendenzen, die eine Persistenz terminal gepaarter Gemini bis in die Metaphase I bedingen. Sie sind zusammen mit der höchstwahrscheinlich ähnlichen unspezifischen Anziehung der Kinetochoren der Anlaß zur Entstehung pseudo-multivalenter Assoziationen in der diploiden Tomate.2. Die in den späteren meiotischen Stadien noch nachzuweisenden Zweiergruppen von Chromosomen werden als Folgeerscheinungen der im Pachytän angelegten Verbindungen gedeutet, die als Matrixverklebung oder chromatische Agglutination wirksam sind.3. Die bei der diploiden Tomate in den einzelnen meiotischen Entwicklungsstadien auftretenden multivalenten Assoziationen können deshalb nicht als Hinweis für das Vorliegen homologer Chromosomen und damit einer niedrigeren Chromosomengrundzahl als n=12 dienen.

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Summary 1. Terminal macro-chromomeres of the tomato chromosomes (Lycopersicon esculentum), so-called telomeres, show special pairing tendencies in the early meiotic phases. These pairing affinities are responsible for the persistence of bivalents being in terminal contact up to metaphase I of meiosis. Terminal affinities of telomeres are together with similar unspecific attractions of kinetochores responsible for the origin of pseudo-multivalents in diploid tomatoes.2. Groups of two chromosomes demonstrable in the later meiotic phases are explained as consequences of pachytene-connections being effective in form of matrix-stickiness or chromatic agglutination.3. Multivalents in the various meiotic phases of diploid tomatoes are for these reasons no proof of the existence of homologous chromosomes and it seems impossible to infer a lower chromosome number than n=12 by their existence.

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1. ( ) (Lycopersicon esculentum) , . (, , , ) .2. , , , , ; .3. , , , , , , n=12.

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