Mineral composition and microstructure of the abaxial hoof wall in dairy heifers after biotin supplementation     

Paulo José Bastos Queiroz  Bruno Moraes Assis  Danilo Conrado Silva  Antônio Dionísio Feitosa Noronha Filho  Alexandre Pancotti  Rogério Elias Rabelo  Naida Cristina Borges  Valcinir Aloisio Scalla Vulcani  Luiz Antônio Franco da Silva 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(1):93-101

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of daily biotin supplementation on the mineral composition and microstructure of the abaxial hoof wall in dairy heifers. The heifers were housed on a concrete floor and fed for weight gain more than 800 g per day, which is a challenging environment for the hoof. Twelve crossbred dairy heifers (Jersey × Holstein) were divided into two treatment groups. Animals in the control group (n = 6) received a diet without supplemental biotin, while the heifers in the biotin-supplemented feed group (n = 6) each received 20 mg of biotin daily for 120 days. Samples of the abaxial hoof wall were collected from the outer claw of the fore and hind limb, before and after supplementation. The samples were evaluated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, computed microtomography, atomic force microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Biotin supplementation increased the sulphur content and decreased the calcium and potassium content in the abaxial hoof wall. Biotin treatment also increased the percentage of horn tubules with smaller diameter marrow (17–51 µm). However, biotin did not influence the surface relief of the hoof wall, suggesting that its action is limited to the inner layers of the stratum corneum. Daily supplementation with 20 mg of biotin promoted changes in the mineral composition and microstructure of abaxial hoof wall of crossbred dairy heifers. These findings suggest biotin supplementation improves hoof quality and may help to understand the function of biotin in the stratum corneum.  相似文献   

Reduced ant diversity along a habitat regeneration gradient in the southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest     

Rogrio R. Silva  Rodrigo S. Machado Feitosa  Fernando Eberhardt 《Forest Ecology and Management》2007,240(1-3):61-69

This study evaluates the response of the ant communities along a habitat regeneration gradient in the south Atlantic Forest comparing it with the ant fauna from a mature forest at the same biome. The survey was conducted according to standard collecting protocols, employing sardine baits and mini-Winkler apparatuses. The structure of the ground and litter-foraging ant community was compared in five habitats, representing a regeneration gradient within the Atlantic Forest. Furthermore, the composition of the leaf-litter ant fauna and the species richness were compared between the regeneration gradient and an area of mature forest. The results showed a higher number of leaf-litter ant species in the mature forest in comparison with the regeneration gradient habitat, as well a distinct species composition. There was a significant loss of ant diversity in the regrowth forest, compared to the mature Atlantic Forest. The composition of the ground-dwelling ant fauna does not consistently separate the sites of forest succession; but a gradient of ant species richness and composition was revealed when the leaf-litter ant fauna data set was included in the analysis. In this sense, the leaf-litter ant fauna is an important segment to characterize habitats also playing an important rule as bio-indicators. The data suggest that only primary forests (our data) and old secondary forests (in litt.) are capable of maintaining a substantial proportion of the biodiversity in areas of the Atlantic Forest.  相似文献   

Long-term effects of alternative and conventional fertilization I: Effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community composition     

Tancredo Augusto Feitosa de Souza  Andrea Fernandes Rodrígues  Luciano Façanha Marques 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2015,41(6):454-461

The influence of long-term fertilization on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community composition was investigated. Soil samples were taken from a long-term field experiment which was conducted for 5 years to explore the effect of three treatments: control (non-fertilization), conventional (mineral fertilizers—NPK), and alternative (organic fertilizers—farmyard manure). The highest values of AMF community composition were found in the alternative fertilization system after the thirty year of its utilization. After the thirty year the conventional fertilization system showed lower AMF diversity compared to alternative fertilization system. In conclusion the alternative fertilization system enhanced mycorrhizal effectiveness that contributes to increase wheat growth after a long-term experiment. Our findings also suggest that inputs of organic matter source can change positively the AMF community composition, and these results highlight the importance of considering the long-term effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the AMF community diversity. Thus, the long-term utilization of an alternative fertilization system with continuous input of organic matter may exploit positive situations of jointly beneficial biotic and abiotic conditions.  相似文献   

The shadow of the Balbina dam: A synthesis of over 35 years of downstream impacts on floodplain forests in Central Amazonia     

Jochen Schöngart  Florian Wittmann  Angélica Faria de Resende  Cyro Assahira  Guilherme de Sousa Lobo  Juliana Rocha Duarte Neves  Maíra da Rocha  Gisele Biem Mori  Adriano Costa Quaresma  Layon Oreste Demarchi  Bianca Weiss Albuquerque  Yuri Oliveira Feitosa  Gilvan da Silva Costa  Gildo Vieira Feitoza  Flávia Machado Durgante  Aline Lopes  Susan E. Trumbore  Thiago Sanna Freire Silva  Hans ter Steege  Adalberto Luis Val  Wolfgang J. Junk  Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(12):1117-1135

1. The Balbina hydropower dam in the Central Amazon basin, established in the Uatumã River in the 1980s, is emblematic for its socio-environmental disaster. Its environmental impacts go far beyond the reservoir and dam, however, affecting the floodplain forests (igapó) in the downstream area (dam shadow), which have been assessed using a transdisciplinary research approach, synthesized in this review.
2. Floodplain tree species are adapted to a regular and predictable flood pulse, with high- and low-water periods occurring during the year. This was severely affected by the operation of the Balbina dam, which caused the suppression of both the aquatic phase at higher floodplain elevations and the terrestrial phase at lower floodplain elevations (termed the ‘sandwich effect’).
3. During the period of construction and reservoir fill, large-scale mortality already occurred in the floodplains of the dam shadow as a result of reduced stream flow, in synergy with severe drought conditions induced by El Niño events, causing hydraulic failure and making floodplains vulnerable to wildfires.
4. During the operational period of the dam, permanent flooding conditions at low topographical elevations resulted in massive tree mortality. So far, 12% of the igapó forests have died along a downstream river stretch of more than 125 km. As a result of flood suppression at the highest elevations, an encroachment of secondary tree species from upland (terra firme) forests occurred.
5. More than 35 years after the implementation of the Balbina dam, the downstream impacts caused massive losses of macrohabitats, ecosystem services, and diversity of flood-adapted tree species, probably cascading down to the entire food web, which must be considered in conservation management.
6. These findings are discussed critically, emphasizing the urgent need for the Brazilian environmental regulatory agencies to incorporate downstream impacts in the environmental assessments of several dam projects planned for the Amazon region.

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Validation of in vitro conservation of pineapple germplasm [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] for ten years based on field morphological characterization     

da Silva  Ronilze Leite  de Souza  Everton Hilo  Pelacani  Claudinéia Regina  de Jesus  Jossivanio Santos  Souza  Cintia Paula Feitosa  Souza  Amanda Bahiano Passos  Souza  Fernanda Vidigal Duarte 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(5):2051-2060

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First molecular epidemiological study of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle and buffalo from different regions of Brazil     

de Albuquerque  Pedro Paulo Feitosa  de Melo  Renata Pimentel Bandeira  de Farias Brito  Marilene  Bovino  Fernanda  de Souza  Mariana Assunção  Lima  Anna Monteiro Correia  de Oliveira  Emerson Antônio Araújo  de Moraes Pereira  Helder  Mota  Rinaldo Aparecido 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1929-1935

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Paratuberculosis is an incurable disease in ruminants with great worldwide economic impact, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). The...  相似文献   

Suckling behavior,performance, and Kleiber index in calves of different genetic groups under shaded and unshaded environments     

da Cunha  Letícia Scarelli Rodrigues  de Resende  Marcos Paulo Gonçalves  Flores  Hugo Pereira  da Silva de Arruda  Rosana Moreira  de Castro  Micheline Feitosa  Queiroz  Maria Carla Elias  dos Santos Amorim  Lidianny  Belmonte  Juliano César Castro  da Silva  Millena Vitória  Hernandes  Maria Simara Palermo  Vedovatto  Marcelo  de Oliveira  Dalton Mendes 《Tropical animal health and production》2023,55(1):1-8

Tropical Animal Health and Production - According to previous studies, lamb mortality is high in the Ethiopian highlands. The present study aims to evaluate the execution of preventive sheep herd...  相似文献   

Influence of climatic factors on carbon accumulation in the aerial biomass of native vegetation in the south of Piauí, in the Brazilian Northeast     

Ramon De S. Leite  M. Moreira M. Ivanov  Breno M. De Araújo  D. Moura B. Maria  Ramon C. Feitosa  N. Matsho O. Do Vale 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2018,37(1):15-24

An understanding of forest carbon budgets, such as the factors that influence different levels of carbon accumulation, is one of the first steps in protecting and restoring areas of plant cover. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was applied to evaluate the influence of climate variables (Rainfall, and mean maximum and minimum temperatures) on intra-annual above-ground carbon accumulated in tree species of the Caatinga. Above-ground carbon accumulated in the trees was 0.06 Mg ha^?1 month^?1. Carbon allocation in the aerial parts of the trees increased significantly with rainfall. Maximum and minimum temperature had little influence on carbon storage; however, variations in carbon accumulation are best explained when minimum and maximum temperatures are added to the regression model for rainfall, thereby demonstrating the simultaneous effect of these variables, and better explaining the carbon increase.  相似文献   

Biological control of goat gastrointestinal helminthiasis by Duddingtonia flagrans in a semi-arid region of the northeastern Brazil     

Vilela VL  Feitosa TF  Braga FR  de Araújo JV  Souto DV  Santos HE  Silva GL  Athayde AC 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,188(1-2):127-133

The aim of this study was to test a pellet formulation in a sodium alginate matrix of Duddingtonia flagrans in the biological control of goat gastrointestinal helminths kept in a native pasture in a semi-arid region of Paraíba state, northeastern Brazil. An area of 2.4 ha was divided into three paddocks, where groups of seven goats ware formed. Each group received the following treatments during the months of March to August 2011: D. flagrans group, received 3g of pellets containing D. flagrans (AC001) for each 10 kg/l.w., twice a week; Moxidectin 0.2% group, received 0.2mg/kg of Moxidectin 0.2% orally, every 30 days; Control group, received 3g of pellets without fungi per 10 kg/l.w., twice a week. Each month, a tracer goat was placed in each group for 30 days and then sacrificed and necropsied. The D. flagrans group showed a greater reduction in EPG, increased weight gain, higher rates of packed cell volume and lower parasitic load burden in the tracer goats compared to Moxidectin 0.2% and Control groups. D. flagrans was efficient in controlling goat gastrointestinal helminthiasis in a semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil.  相似文献   

Identification of parasites in Puffinus puffinus (Birds, Procellariiformes) from Northeastern Brazil     

Cristiane Maria Fernandes de Melo  Jaqueline Bianque de Oliveira  Ana Célia Rodrigues Athayde  Ant?nio Flávio Medeiros Dantas  Thais Ferreira Feitosa  Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela  Danilo José Ayres de Menezes  Paulo Guilherme Carniel Wagner 《Veterinary research communications》2012,36(4):235-238

Studies on the parasitic fauna of migratory sea birds of the Puffinus genus are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify parasites of 16 specimens of Puffinus puffinus (Procellariiformes, Procellariidae) that died during the period of June 2011 to December 2011 at the Wildlife Screening Center (CETAS) of the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Natural Resources (IBAMA) in Cabedelo, Paraíba. During necropsy, biting lice and/or gastrointestinal helminths were collected in seven (43.7?%) birds. Lice were collected in five (31.2?%) birds, and the species identified were Halipeurus diversus, Trabeculus aviator, Austromenopon paululum), Saemundssonia sp. and Naubates sp. The prevalence of helminths was also 31.2?%. The nematodes species were Seuratia shipleyi and Contracaecum sp., and cestodes were Tetrabothrius sp. This is the first record in Brazil of Naubates sp., Seuratia shipleyi, Contracaecum sp., and Tetrabothrius sp. in Puffinus puffinus.  相似文献