基于水声学方法的嘉陵江中游蓬安段鱼类资源研究     

向伶俐  秦强  曾燏  张富斌  吕振宇  何欣曼  毛聆  马佳 《水生态学杂志》2022,43(4):95-102

研究嘉陵江中游鱼类资源时空动态特征,了解变化过程及影响因素,提出嘉陵江鱼类资源保护的建议和措施,同时为长江上游及其支流的鱼类资源保护提供基础数据。运用Biosonics DT-X分裂波束科学回声探测仪于2018年7月（夏）、10月（秋）以及2019年1月（冬）、4月（春）对嘉陵江中游蓬安段金溪航电工程干流江段进行了水声学探测,并辅以常规渔获物调查。共采集到鱼类6科38种,其中蛇鮈、鲫、银飘鱼、黄尾鲴等中小型鱼类在数量上占优;鱼类密度分别为春季（0.8296±0.43）、夏季（0.8705±0.38 ）、秋季（0.5082±0.25）、冬季（0.3939±0.13）尾/m3;鱼体平均目标强度分别为春季（-63.15±5.03）、夏季（-52.85±14.45）、秋季（-46.42±15.85）、冬季（-44.77±15.28 ）dB;鱼体平均重量分别为春季0.03、夏季1.08 、秋季11.19 、冬季20.40 g/尾;鱼类资源量分别为春季0.4096、夏季0.2907 、秋季0.3919 、冬季0.5622 kg/m3;坝下鱼类密度显著高于坝上（F=12.67,P<0.05）;坝上（F=7.02,P<0.05）和坝下（F=19.99,P<0.05）3个水层之间的鱼类密度差异显著,中层鱼类密度显著高于上层和下层（P<0.05）,且总体上夏季各水层的鱼类密度要高于其他季节。后续研究应加强对该江段鱼类资源的动态监测,并重点探讨引起鱼类资源动态变化的关键影响因子。  相似文献   

四氯乙烯和镉联合胁迫对草鱼SOD和POD活性影响     

石金铭  王雪琪  冯林  韩暖  吕依丹  王桂燕 《水生态学杂志》2018,39(1):98-104

为了考察超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)是否可以作为四氯乙烯(PCE)和镉(Cd2+)联合污染生物指标,采用静水生物测试法,研究了PCE和Cd2+联合胁迫对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)肝胰脏、肾脏和鳃组织SOD以及肝胰脏、肾脏POD的影响。结果表明:(1)PCE和Cd2+复合污染胁迫时,草鱼肝胰脏SOD随着时间变化呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,且最高浓度组始终低于对照;(2)肾脏SOD在所有暴露浓度组随着时间变化呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,除最低浓度组在120 h显著高于对照外,其他均显著低于对照;(3)鳃组织SOD也呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,但始终低于对照;(4)高浓度组(1/4TU和1/2TU)草鱼肝胰脏和肾脏POD活性随着暴露时间变化呈"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,但肝胰脏和肾脏的POD活性始终显著低于对照(P0.05);(5)草鱼鳃组织SOD活性明显低于肝胰脏和肾脏。PCE和Cd2+分别破坏了酶的蛋白结构和诱导了鱼体细胞膜的脂质过氧化,二者联合污染比单一污染加剧了草鱼的毒性效应。  相似文献   

The Effects of Freshwater Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Extract on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) in Prediabetic Patients in Taiwan     

Tse-Hung Huang  Chiao-Hsu Ke  Chin-Chang Chen  Cheng-Hsun Chuang  Kuang-Wen Liao  Yi-Hsien Shiao  Chen-Si Lin 《Marine drugs》2022,20(4)

Freshwater clam extract (FCE) is a functional food that regulates the immune system and has been demonstrated in numerous studies to display desirable anti–tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) responses. In addition, excess TNF-α production is positively associated with type 2 diabetes. However, few longitudinal clinical studies evaluating the efficiency and toxicity of FCE are available. This article reports that patients with prediabetes who received FCE had a desirable outcome of a reduction in serum TNF-α for a long period. This was a double-blind, randomized, parallel clinical trial conducted using FCE intervention and placebo groups, and 36 patients with prediabetes were enrolled. Two grams of FCE or placebo was consumed daily for 180 consecutive days. The serum of the participants was collected at four time points (0M: before the intervention; 3M: after 3 months of intervention; 6M: after 6 months of intervention; 12M: 6 months after cessation of intervention at 6M). A serum TNF-α concentration higher than 4.05 pg/mL was defined as a cut-off value. FCE reduced serum TNF-α in all participants at 6M and 12M. Moreover, FCE significantly suppressed serum TNF-α concentrations at 6M and 12M and inhibited TNF-α release with time series in subjects with elevated TNF-α values. FCE intervention effectively reduced serum TNF-α and persistently sustained the effects for half a year in patients with prediabetes. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GS-MS) analysis revealed that the major components of FCE were phytosterols and fatty acids, which exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-TNF-α abilities. Hence, FCE has the potential to be developed as a natural treatment for prediabetic patients in Taiwan.  相似文献   

魁蚶血细胞分类及其免疫功能的初步分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

周丽青  杨爱国  王清印  刘志鸿  吴彪  田吉腾  严加坤  吕振明 《水产学报》2013,37(4):599-606

借助显微观察和鳗弧菌免疫刺激等手段,首次对魁蚶血细胞进行分类及免疫功能分析.魁蚶血细胞可分为3大类:红细胞、白细胞和血栓细胞,红细胞发育过程大致经历新生、成熟、衰老和死亡4个阶段.白细胞分为:嗜酸性、嗜中性、嗜碱性细胞,以及淋巴细胞和巨核细胞.嗜酸性、嗜中性、嗜碱性细胞和血栓细胞均参与血液的凝固;红细胞、白细胞均有吞噬病原菌能力,红细胞具有被动吞噬作用和免疫吸附作用,白细胞具有主动吞噬作用,嗜酸性和嗜中性细胞是吞噬病原菌的主体,嗜碱性细胞具有吞噬大颗粒异物的作用,魁蚶感染病原菌后白细胞增多并表现炎症.研究表明,魁蚶血细胞在应对外界的免疫刺激时,能作出系统免疫应答,且血细胞免疫分工明确,以抵御外界不良刺激.  相似文献   

Effect of Beclin 1 RNA interference on Vit K3 injured SMMC-7721 cells     

YANG Chuang  ZHANG Hong-yu  KONG Xiao-xia  WANG Guang-yi  SUN Lian-kun 《园艺学报》2009,25(7):1288-1291

AIM: To observe the effect of Beclin 1 silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) technique to the injury of SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells by vitamin K3 (Vit K3).METHODS: The recombinant plasmid Psilencer 3.1-siRNA-Beclin 1 was transfected into SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells by eukaryotic cell transfection technique. Plasmid vector and cell culture medium were used as negative and control, respectively. The cells were collected 48 h later to extract cell RNA and total protein and to detect Beclin 1 gene expression by RT-PCR and Western blotting. 40 μmol/L Vit K3 was used to treate the Beclin 1-siRNA cells, Hoechst33342 staining was used for the determination of the percentage of cell apoptosis.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the synthetic siRNA of Beclin 1 significantly decreased the levels of Beclin 1 mRNA and protein expressions. Beclin 1 mRNA was up-regulated in 40 μmol/L Vit K3 treated SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells, the percentage of apoptosis cells increased (P﹤0.01). In beclin 1-siRNA cells, Beclin 1 mRNA was down-regulated obviously, the percentage of apoptosis cells increased significantly compared with the 40 μmol/L Vit K3 group (P﹤0.01).CONCLUSION: The transfection of SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells by Psilencer3.1-siRNA-Beclin 1 effectively inhibits the expressions of Beclin 1 mRNA and protein, inhibits the activation of Beclin 1 dependent autophagic signaling pathway, and aggravates the apoptosis induced by Vit K3.  相似文献   

早熟南瓜新品种甘香栗的选育     

曲亚英  常涛  侯栋  吕迎春  陶兴林  郭兰香  张东琴 《中国蔬菜》2009,1(14):68-70

甘香栗是以自交系03B811为母本,以03C417为父本配制而成的印度南瓜一代杂种。植株蔓生,生长势强;早熟,第1雌花节位 为第9～11节,从开花到果实成熟40 d（天）左右;果形扁圆,果皮深绿色带浅绿色条纹,果面光滑亮泽;果肉橙黄色,肉厚3.2 cm左右 ,肉质致密,口感甜面,粉质度高,具板栗香味,品质极佳。单果质量1.5 kg左右,每667 m²产量一般为2 000～2 500 kg,适宜春露地及 保护地栽培。  相似文献   

新型保鲜剂处理茂谷柑采后的常温保藏研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

叶云  何英姿  吕鸣群  黄瑶 《北方园艺》2009,(2)

利用不同浓度的新型保鲜剂蔗糖基聚合物和施保克对采后茂谷柑进行涂膜处理后进行常温贮藏,对几项主要生理指标进行检测.结果表明:蔗糖基聚合物涂膜可以减缓Vc、可溶性固形物(TSS)、总糖和可滴定酸等营养物质的损耗,保持较高的糖酸比和固酸比,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量和淀粉酶活性.在延缓果实组织的衰老,延长贮藏寿命方面有较好的效果.施保克也有较好的保鲜效果.  相似文献   

SA+CaCl2对菊花花瓣生理和花期的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范红军  丁义峰  程志卓  李娜  付大军  吕艳娜  刘萍 《北方园艺》2009,(5)

以不同浓度的水杨酸(SA+CaCl2)水溶液对菊花"兼六香菊"品种全株喷雾处理,测定整个花期花瓣中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、超氧阴离子(O2-)产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及相对电导率的变化.结果表明:不同浓度的SA+CaCl2均能提高花瓣中可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量、SOD活力和降低了O2-产生速率、MDA含量和相对电导率,花期有不同程度的延长,其中以SA 15 mg/L+CaC12160 mg/L处理效果较佳.  相似文献   

不同纸袋处理对寒富苹果果实品质发育的影响     

蔡明  高文胜  陈军  秦嗣军  马怀宇  吕德国  刘国成 《北方园艺》2009,(7)

以寒富苹果为试材,进行了3种纸袋的套袋处理,以不套袋果实为对照,研究不同纸袋处理对寒富苹果果实内在品质发育的影响.结果表明:套袋处理使果实的淀粉﹑糖﹑酸和Vc的含量降低,但处理间存在一定差异.果实采收时,对照果实的可溶性固形物﹑硬度和单果重均高于套袋处理,其中,"清田"袋果实可溶性固形物含量高于"小林"袋和"彤乐"袋."小林"袋与对照果形指数无显著差异,而与"彤乐"袋差异极显著,且"彤乐"袋和"清田"袋降低了果实的果形指数.  相似文献   

有机无机肥配施及供氮水平对萝卜硝酸盐累积的影响     

范艳艳  王芳  吕红豪  王树忠  眭晓蕾  张振贤 《长江蔬菜》2009,(24)

以萝卜为试材,分别进行了不同有机无机肥料配施及不同供氯水平对萝卜硝酸盐含量和硝酸还原酶活性(NR)的影响研究,试验结果表明,不同有机无机肥料配施下,追肥一周后随萝卜肉质根膨大硝酸盐舍量呈上升趋势,而NR活性逐渐下降.与不施肥处理相比,不同有机无机肥料配施下萝卜产品器官中硝酸盐、VC、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量显著提高,其中有机肥、化肥分别作基肥和追肥的处理("有+化")具有较低的硝酸盐含量.不同施氮水平下,追肥后随萝卜肉质根的膨大硝酸盐含量呈上升趋势,而NR活性先上升后下降.与不施肥处理相比,萝卜产品器官中硝酸盐、可溶性蛋白含量随施氮量的增加而显著升高,VC和可溶性总糖含量则在常量氮肥处理下达到最大.  相似文献