Long chain alkanes in silk extracts of maize genotypes with varying resistance to Fusarium graminearum     

Miller SS  Reid LM  Butler G  Winter SP  McGoldrick NJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(23):6702-6708

The alkane content of the silks of nine maize genotypes was analyzed to investigate the role of silk wax in resistance to Fusarium graminearum. Silk samples were collected 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after silk emergence and divided into three sections: exposed silk, silk channel silk, and silk that is under the husk and overlying the kernels. Four major unbranched alkanes (C(25), C(27), C(29), and C(31)) and three isoalkanes (C(27i), C(29i), and C(31i)) were identified. Total alkane contents were highest in the exposed silk followed by the silk channel silk, with the lowest in the youngest silk closest to the kernels. In the silk channel and overlying kernel silks, the moderately resistant inbred CO272 consistently had the highest alkane content. None of the other inbreds with improved resistance had as high a level of alkanes as CO272, indicating that alkane content is not a major mechanism of resistance.  相似文献   

Potato improvement through parental line breeding—A five year report of the North Central 35 Regional Project,NC-35     

F. I. Lauer  E. P. Lana  R. B. O’Keefe  G. H. Rieman 《American Journal of Potato Research》1962,39(7):282-287

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Mosaic Virus and Leaf Curl Diseases of Okra in Nigeria     

Allan Femi Lana 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):474-478

Abstract

The etiology and incidence of okra leaf curl and okra mosaic virus diseases observed in Nigeria are reviewed and the difficulty in evolving a control measure for these two diseases is discussed.  相似文献   

Toll‐like receptor and related cytokine mRNA expression in bovine corpora lutea during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy          下载免费PDF全文

JE Gadsby  AM Tyson Nipper  HA Faircloth  M D'Annibale‐Tolhurst  J Chang  PW Farin  IM Sheldon  DH Poole 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(3):495-504

Improving our understanding of the mechanisms controlling the corpus luteum (CL) and its role in regulating the reproductive cycle should lead to improvements in the sustainability of today's global animal industry. The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine organ composed of a heterogeneous mixture steroidogenic, endothelial and immune cells, and it is becoming clear that immune mechanisms play a key role in CL regulation especially in luteolysis. Toll‐like receptors (TLR) mediate innate immune mechanisms via the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, especially within various tissues, although the role of TLR within CL remains unknown. Thus, the objectives of this study were to characterize TLR mRNA expression in the CL during the oestrous cycle and in pregnancy (day 30–50), and to examine the role of TLR signalling in luteal cells. Corpora lutea were collected at various stages of the cycle and pregnancy and analysed for TLR and cytokine mRNA expression. In addition, luteal cells were cultured with the TLR4 ligand (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) for 24 h to evaluate the role of TLR4 in regulating luteal function. Toll‐like receptors 1, 2, 4, 6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interferon gamma (IFN‐G), and interleukin (IL)‐12, mRNA expressions were greatest in regressing CL compared with earlier stages (p < .05), whereas no change was observed for IL‐6 mRNA expression. Cytokine mRNA expression in cultured luteal cells was not altered by LPS. Based on these data, one or more of the TLRs found within the CL may play a role in luteolysis, perhaps via pro‐inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression.  相似文献   

BCL2 and MYC are expressed at high levels in canine diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma but are not predictive for outcome in dogs treated with CHOP chemotherapy          下载免费PDF全文

P. A. Schaffer  C. B. Frank  S. E. Lana  L. E. Hamil  J. Labadie  E. J. Ehrhart  P. R. Avery 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(4):1269-1279

Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common haematopoietic malignancy in dogs. Recently, MYC and BCL2 expression levels determined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) were found to be prognostic in people with DLBCL. We hypothesized that canine DLBCL can be similarly subdivided into prognostic subtypes based on expression of MYC and BCL2. Cases of canine DLBCL treated with CHOP chemotherapy were retrospectively collected and 43 dogs had available histologic tissue and complete clinical follow‐up. Median values of percent immunoreactive versus immunonegative cells were used to determine positive or negative expression status. Completion of CHOP was significantly associated with a positive outcome. Compared with human patients, our canine DLBCL patients had high IHC expression of both MYC and BCL2, and relative expression levels of one or both markers were not associated with clinical outcome.  相似文献   

Time course differential gene expression in response to porcine circovirus type 2 subclinical infection     

Anna Tom��s  Lana T. Fernandes  Armand S��nchez    Joaquim Segal��s 《Veterinary research》2010,41(1)

This study was aimed at characterizing the potential differences in gene expression in piglets inoculated with Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), the essential causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. Seven-day-old caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets were distributed into two groups: control (n = 8) and pigs inoculated with 10^5.2 TCID₅₀ of the Burgos PCV2 isolate (n = 16). One control and three inoculated pigs were necropsied on days 1, 2, 5, and 8 post-infection (p.i.). The remaining pigs (four of each group) were sequentially bled on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 29 p.i. (necropsy). Total RNA from the mediastinal lymph node (MLN) and lysed whole blood (LWB) samples were hybridized to Affymetrix Porcine GeneChip^®. Forty-three probes were differentially expressed (DE) in MLN samples (FDR < 0.1, fold change > 2) and were distributed into three clusters: globally down-regulated genes, and up-regulated genes at early (first week p.i.) and late (day 29 p.i.) stages of infection. In LWB samples, maximal differences were observed at day 7 p.i., with 54 probes DE between control and inoculated pigs. Main Gene Ontology biological processes assigned to up-regulated genes were related to the immune response. Six common genes were found in both types of samples, all of which belonged to the interferon signaling antiviral effector pathway. Down-regulated genes were mainly related to cell adhesion and migration in MLN, and cellular organization and biogenesis in LWB. Microarray results were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. This study provides, for the first time, the characterization of the early and late molecular events taking place in response to a subclinical PCV2 infection.  相似文献   

In vitro bioavailability of phenolic compounds from five cultivars of frozen sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.)     

Fazzari M  Fukumoto L  Mazza G  Livrea MA  Tesoriere L  Marco LD 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(10):3561-3568

The bioavailability of phenolic compounds from five cultivars of frozen sweet cherries was assessed by a digestion process involving pepsin-HCl digestion (to simulate gastric digestion) and pancreatin digestion with bile salts (to simulate small intestine conditions) and dialyzed to assess serum- and colon-available fractions. After pepsin digestion, the % recovery of total phenolics, relative to the original starting material, increased, whereas the % anthocyanins did not change. Following pancreatic digestion and dialysis, the total phenolics in the IN (serum-available) fraction was about 26-30% and the OUT (colon-available) fraction was about 77-101%. The anthocyanin content in the IN fraction was 15-21%, and in the OUT fraction, it was 52-67%. Skeena, Lapins, and Sweetheart cultivars contained higher levels of total phenolics and anthocyanins, which resulted in higher concentrations of these compounds in the IN and OUT fractions. The potential bioavailability of phenolic compounds was also assessed in Bing and Lapins cultivars at three ripening stages. Immature cherries had higher % total phenolics in the IN fraction than mature or overmature cherries. However, immature cherries had the lowest concentrations of these compounds, making the actual bioavailable amounts of these compounds lower than for mature and overmature fruit. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of Lapins cherries at three maturity stages confirmed the results obtained using spectrophotometric methods for total phenolics and anthocyanins.  相似文献   

Solution properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J Chen  MA Hamon  H Hu  Y Chen  AM Rao  PC Eklund  RC Haddon 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5386):95-98

Naked metallic and semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were dissolved in organic solutions by derivatization with thionychloride and octadecylamine. Both ionic (charge transfer) and covalent solution-phase chemistry with concomitant modulation of the SWNT band structure were demonstrated. Solution-phase near-infrared spectroscopy was used to study the effects of chemical modifications on the band gaps of the SWNTs. Reaction of soluble SWNTs with dichlorocarbene led to functionalization of the nanotube walls.  相似文献   

Design of a surface alloy catalyst for steam reforming   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

F Besenbacher  I Chorkendorff  BS Clausen  B Hammer  AM Molenbroek  JK Norskov  I Stensgaard 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5358):1913-1915

Detailed studies of elementary chemical processes on well-characterized single crystal surfaces have contributed substantially to the understanding of heterogeneous catalysis. Insight into the structure of surface alloys combined with an understanding of the relation between the surface composition and reactivity is shown to lead directly to new ideas for catalyst design. The feasibility of such an approach is illustrated by the synthesis, characterization, and tests of a high-surface area gold-nickel catalyst for steam reforming.  相似文献   

Synthesis of new tetronamides displaying inhibitory activity against bloom‐forming cyanobacteria     

Jaime AM Acosta  Milandip Karak  Luiz CA Barbosa  John Boukouvalas  Andrea Straforini  Giuseppe Forlani 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):779-788

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