The characteristics and regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase in strains of Bacteroides ruminicola ssp. ruminicola isolated from the rumen of fallow deer]     

K Holovská  V Lenártová  E Rybosová  A Orinák  M Stachová 《Veterinární medicína》1992,37(5-6):261-268

Very little information about NH4+ assimilation paths in rumen anaerobic bacteria is available, and the information about wild animals is completely missing. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) isolated from the rumen strain B. ruminicola in fallow deer was purified and its properties were specified after crystalline ammonium sulphate precipitation and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The properties of partly purified GDH were specified. One of the first specifications concerning GDH from various sources was to determine its coenzyme specificity. The results of these determinations enabled to draw a general conclusion that GDH from non-animal sources was specific to only one coenzyme while GDH from animal sources could utilize the two coenzymes (Frieden, 1964). In our study the specificity of GDH isolated from the rumen strain B. ruminicola in fallow deer to the coenzyme NADH (Tab. I) was determined; this specificity was different from the coenzyme specificity of GDH isolated from the rumen strain B. ruminicola in calves where GDH was found to be specific to the coenzyme NADPH. The effect of increasing concentrations of NADH, 2-oxoglutarate and NH4+ on the enzyme reaction velocity was also investigated and Km was determined for NADH, 2-oxoglutarate and NH4+ (Tab. II). The kinetic properties of GDH isolated from different sources are considerably variable. Michaelis constants for GDH range from 0.003 to 0.125 mmol/dm3 for NADPH (NADH), from 0.95 to 7.4 mmol/dm3 for 2-oxoglutarate, and from 0.25 to 16 mmol/dm3 for NH4+ (Misono et al., 1985). The average value of Km for NH4+ in a mixed rumen population was 33 mmol/dm3 (Erfle et al., 1977).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Concern about gag rules     

Pietrafesa L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5777):1137-1138

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Rat bite fever     

Wim Gaastra  Ron Boot  Hoa T.K. Ho  Len J.A. Lipman 《Veterinary microbiology》2009

Rat bite fever (RBF) is a bacterial zoonosis for which two causal bacterial species have been identified: Streptobacillis moniliformis and Spirillum minus. Haverhill fever (HF) is a form of S. moniliformis infection believed to develop after ingestion of contaminated food or water.  相似文献   

Capnocytophaga canimorsus     

Wim Gaastra  Len J.A. Lipman 《Veterinary microbiology》2010,140(3-4):339-346

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a commensal bacterium in the oral flora of dogs and cats. The bacterium is a zoonotic agent and has been isolated from humans, infected by dog or cat bites, scratches, licks or simply exposure to dogs or cats. Here the infectious agent, its pathogenicity and potential virulence factors, infection in animals and humans, diagnostic methods, prevalence, therapy and prevention are described. Suggestions for future research are given.  相似文献   

Grains for Health: A Look to the Past and Insights into the Future     

Denise Hauge  Steve McCurry  Jodi Engleson  Gary Fulcher  David Hesse  Len Marquart 《Cereal Chemistry》2010,87(2):155-158

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Geoffrey Selkirk Cottew     

Len Lloyd 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(12):502-502

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Ileal and total tract digestibility in local (Mong Cai) and exotic (Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets fed low and high-fibre diets, with or without enzyme supplementation     

Ninh Thi Len  Tran Bich Ngoc  Brian Ogle  Jan Erik Lindberg   《Livestock Science》2009,126(1-3):73-79

Ileal and total tract digestibility of low and high-fibre diets (100 and 200 g/kg neutral detergent fibre), with or without enzyme supplementation (mixture of cellulase, β-glucanase, α-amylase and protease) was determined in piglets of two breeds weaned at 30 days of age. The breeds were local (pure-breed Mong Cai, MC) and exotic (Landrace × Yorkshire, LY). The experimental diets were based on maize meal, soybean meal, fish meal, cassava residue meal, and rice bran. Cassava residue meal and rice bran were the main fibrous feeds in the high-fibre diet. The experiment was arranged according to a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial, completely randomized design with 4 replications, and lasted for 30 days. The coefficient of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) was measured by analyzing ileal digesta collected from piglets killed at 60 days of age. The coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) was measured by analyzing faecal samples collected for 5 consecutive days immediately before the experiment finished. The CIAD and CTTAD of organic matter, crude protein, crude fibre, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and amino acids in the high-fibre diet were lower than in the low-fibre diet (P < 0.01). The CIAD of nutrients and amino acids was similar (P > 0.05) between MC and LY, while the CTTAD of nutrients was higher for the MC than for LY (P < 0.05). Enzyme supplementation of the high-fibre diet improved daily gain and the digestibility of all dietary components at the ileum and in the total tract (P < 0.05), but there was no effect of enzyme supplementation of the low-fibre diet (P > 0.05).  相似文献   

Veterinarians keep animals healthy and heal them too!     

Lipman L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2005,130(18):565

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Dogs as vectors of Streptobacillus moniliformis infection?     

Wouters EG  Ho HT  Lipman LJ  Gaastra W 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,128(3-4):419-422

Rat bite fever is a bacterial zoonosis transmitted through the bite of rats. One of the two etiological agents that cause rat bite fever is Streptobacillus moniliformis. Rat bite fever is rare and very likely under diagnosed but occurs worldwide. Other animals, like dogs and cats that have mouthed a rat are often mentioned in the literature as potential risks for the attraction of rat bite fever. However, rat bite fever caused by the bite of a dog or cat has very seldom been documented. Therefore, to identify the possible risk for humans to become infected with S. moniliformis after having been bitten by a dog that has been in contact with rats, the presence of S. moniliformis in the mouth of these dogs was tested with molecular methods. Swabs taken from the mouth of 18 dogs with proven contacts with rats were tested for the presence of S. moniliformis DNA by PCR. An amplicon of the right size was obtained in 10 of the 18 dogs. Nucleotide sequencing of five amplicons of PCR positive samples demonstrated the presence of S. moniliformis DNA in the mouth of three dogs. A bite by these dogs therefore might infect humans with S. moniliformis and cause rat bite disease.  相似文献   

What the practicing veterinarian should know about rat bite fever     

Abma R  Boer H  Douma G  van Hoeck B  Lipman L  Gaastra W 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2008,133(16):668-670

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