Development of a hamster model of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection     

Marangoni A  Sambri V  Donati M  Di Leo K  Cevenini R 《Veterinary research communications》2005,29(Z1):61-70

The aim of this study was to develop a new experimental model of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in the hamster. Intraperitoneal injection of C. pneumoniae purified elementary bodies (EBs) in the hamsters caused a systemic infection, since it was possible to isolate viable chlamydiae from several organs up to 14 days after infection. In particular, spleen infection was detectable up to 7 days post infection in 100% of animals. In contrast, cultures of the organs obtained from intranasally infected animals were far less frequently positive. Systemic infection probably occurred via macrophages, as demonstrated by the presence of intracellular chlamydial inclusions in peritoneal macrophages of peritoneally inoculated animals four days after infection. Furthermore, by infecting LLC-MK2 cells with supernatant preparations obtained from these macrophages, it was possible to observe the development of chlamydial intra-cytoplasmic inclusions after 96 h. Immunization of 18 hamsters with heat-inactivated purified EBs completely protected 16 animals and substantially reduced infection levels in the remaining two. Sera obtained from immunized hamsters prior to challenge reacted mainly against two C. pneumoniae proteins of about 60 kDa, when tested by immunoblot.  相似文献   

Atomic-Scale Sources and Mechanism of Nanoscale Electronic Disorder in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta     

McElroy K  Lee J  Slezak JA  Lee DH  Eisaki H  Uchida S  Davis JC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5737):1048-1052

The randomness of dopant atom distributions in cuprate high-critical temperature superconductors has long been suspected to cause nanoscale electronic disorder. In the superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta, we identified populations of atomic-scale impurity states whose spatial densities follow closely those of the oxygen dopant atoms. We found that the impurity-state locations are strongly correlated with all manifestations of the nanoscale electronic disorder. This disorder occurs via an unanticipated mechanism exhibiting high-energy spectral weight shifts, with associated strong superconducting coherence peak suppression but very weak scattering of low-energy quasi-particles.  相似文献   

Quantitative trait loci mapping for meat quality and muscle fiber traits in a Japanese wild boar x Large White intercross     

Nii M  Hayashi T  Mikawa S  Tani F  Niki A  Mori N  Uchida Y  Fujishima-Kanaya N  Komatsu M  Awata T 《Journal of animal science》2005,83(2):308-315

Three generations of a swine family produced by crossing a Japanese wild boar and three Large White female pigs were used to map QTL for various production traits. Here we report the results of QTL analyses for skeletal muscle fiber composition and meat quality traits based on phenotypic data of 353 F(2) animals and genotypic data of 225 markers covering almost the entire pig genome for all of the F(2) animals as well as their F(1) parents and F(0) grandparents. The results of a genome scan using least squares regression interval mapping provided evidence that QTL (<1% genome-wise error rate) affected the proportion of the number of type IIA muscle fibers on SSC2, the number of type IIB on SSC14, the relative area (RA) of type I on SSCX, the RA of type IIA on SSC6, the RA of type IIB on SSC6 and SSC14, the Minolta a* values of loin on SSC4 and SSC6, the Minolta b* value of loin on SSC15, and the hematin content of the LM on SSC6. Quantitative trait loci (<5% genome-wise error rate) were found for the number of type I on SSC1, SSC14, and SSCX, for the number of type IIA on SSC14, for the number of type IIB on SSC2, for the RA of type IIA on SSC2, for the Minolta b* value of loin on SSC3, for the pH of loin on SSC15, and for the i.m. fat content on SSC15. Twenty-four QTL were detected for 11 traits at the 5% genome-wise level. Some traits were associated with each other, so the 24 QTL were located on 11 genomic regions. In five QTL located on SSC2, SSC6, and SSC14, each wild boar allele had the effect of increasing types I and IIA muscle fibers and decreasing type IIB muscle fibers. These effects are expected to improve meat quality.  相似文献   

Effect of prolonged use of altrenogest on behaviour in mares     

Hodgson D  Howe S  Jeffcott L  Reid S  Mellor D  Higgins A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(3):322-325

Oral administration of altrenogest for oestrus suppression in competition horses is believed to be widespread in some equestrian disciplines, and can be administered continuously for several months during a competition season. To examine whether altrenogest has any anabolic or other potential performance enhancing properties that may give a horse an unfair advantage, we examined the effect of oral altrenogest (0.044 mg/kg), given daily for a period of eight weeks, on social hierarchy, activity budget, body-mass and body condition score of 12 sedentary mares. It was concluded that prolonged oral administration of altrenogest at recommended dose rate to sedentary mares had no effect on dominance hierarchies, body-mass or condition score.  相似文献   

Lymphangiosarcoma in a dog treated with surgery and chemotherapy     

Itoh T  Mikawa K  Mikawa M  Nibe K  Uchida K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(2):197-199

A large subcutaneous mass at the left cervical site in a 9-year-old male Siberian husky was removed surgically. Histopathologically, the mass was mainly consisted of a proliferation of spindle-shaped neoplastic cells arranging in solid sheath and partially vascular channels containing few blood cells. The tumor cells exhibited highly invasive activity to the surrounding tissues. In addition, the tumor cells were immunopositive for Factor VIII-related antigen. On the basis of these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as lymphangiosarcoma. Recurrent mass was noticed 3 weeks after surgery but completely disappeared after the doxorubicin treatment. Neither recurrence nor metastasis was observed for 9 months after the remission.  相似文献   

Lymphoid apoptosis in acute canine distemper     

Kumagai K  Yamaguchi R  Uchida K  Tateyama S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(2):175-181

The relationship between the canine distemper virus (CDV) infection and apoptosis in the canine lymphoid tissues was investigated using immunostaining for single stranded DNA (ssDNA), TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method, and electron microscopy. Twenty-six lymphoid tissues from 8 spontaneously CDV-infected dogs and 1 non-infected dog were used, and lesions were classified into 4 groups according to frequency of the CDV-antigen. Histologically, the degree of lymphoid depletion tended to depend on amount of CDV antigen. The numbers of ssDNA- and TUNEL-labeling cells were significantly high in the lymphoid tissues with abundant viral antigen. However, ssDNA- and TUNEL-positive lymphocytes were also frequently found even in the lymphoid tissues where there was only a small amount of CDV-antigen in sinus histiocytes. The incidence and distribution of apoptotic cells in the CDV-antigens-negative lymphoid tissues from infected dogs were equal to those from a non-infected dog. Double labeling immunostaining using a ssDNA and a CDV nucleocapsid protein (CDV-NP) antibody revealed that there were ssDNA positive but CDV-NP negative cells besides those stained doubly positive. Ultrastructurally, lymphocytes in the CDV-infected lymphoid tissues frequently had characteristic morphological features of apoptosis such as apoptotic bodies. All these results suggest that CDV leads to lymphocytic apoptosis directly or indirectly, resulting in severe lymphoid depletion and immunosuppression in acute or subacute phase of CDV infection.  相似文献   

Experimental transmission of ovine herpesvirus-2 in sheep     

Nishimori T  Ishihara R  Kanno T  Jayawardane GL  Nishimori K  Uchida I  Imai K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(10):1171-1176

Transmission of ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) in sheep via natural contact and nasal secretions was examined. OvHV-2-free lambs were produced by separating newborn lambs from their mothers within 5 days of birth and raising them in an isolation facility. Transmission experiments via natural contact were conducted by keeping OvHV-2-free lambs with OvHV-2-infected sheep of different ages. Six of the infected ewes in this experiment were pregnant and gave birth during the experimental period. OvHV-2 was not transmitted from the adult sheep, though viral DNA was consistently detected in their peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). On the other hand, OvHV-2 was transmitted from recently infected lambs to sheep at 10 or 12 weeks after the onset of contact. In addition, we attempted the experimental transmission of OvHV-2 via nasal secretions, by transferring nasal washings from infected sheep to the nostrils of uninfected sheep. Sheep receiving the nasal washings from infected adult sheep maintained their negative status for 15 months, whereas sheep receiving nasal washings from recently infected lambs acquired OvHV-2 by 8 months. The results of these experiments support that OvHV-2 is more easily transmitted to negative sheep by recently infected lambs than by adult sheep. Further, it is supposed that the nasal cavity is a portal for entry and shedding of infectious OvHV-2 in sheep.  相似文献   

Protective effect of Pasteurella multocida cell-free antigen and toxoid against challenge with toxigenic strains of pasteurella multocida in mice     

Uchida C  Kimura Y  Kubota S  Sasaki O 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(6):737-740

The cell-free antigen (CFA) obtained from the culture supernatant of Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) and the toxin (PMT) purified from CFA were inactivated and mixed with oil adjuvant to prepare a trial vaccine. Both of the mice immunized with CFA and PMT toxoid vaccine were noticeably protected against intratracheal challenge with toxigenic strains of P. multocida. Nevertheless, the protective indices of the mice immunized with CFA vaccine indicate that it is more protective and clears away the bacteria more promptly than in the mice immunized with PMT vaccine. The results suggested that CFA would possibly be good as an effective antigen to toxigenic strains of P. multocida infection.  相似文献   

Three cases of canine gastrointestinal stromal tumors with multiple differentiations and c-kit-expression     

Kumagai K  Uchida K  Miyamoto T  Ushigusa T  Shinohara S  Yamaguchi R  Tateyama S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(10):1119-1122

Three canine gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) were examined. Histopathologically, the tumor mass in the jejunum (Case 1) consisted of the proliferation of epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic or vacuolated cytoplasm. Gangliocyte-like or multinucleated giant cells were scattered. The tumor cells exhibited neural natures mimicking human gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumors, which were immunopositive for several neuronal markers. Another jejunal mass (Case 2) was composed by a solid proliferation of spindle-shaped cells, arranging in interlacing fascicles and occasional storiform pattern. The tumor seemed to be classified undifferentiated GISTs, that showed no apparent neural or muscular features by ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examinations. In the pyloric mass (Case 3), the spindle cells having eosinophilic processes and elongated nuclei were arranged in sheets. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed muscular natures as regards alpha smooth muscle actin and desmin expression.  相似文献   

Pathological and serological evidence of Brucella-infection in baleen whales (Mysticeti) in the western North Pacific     

Ohishi K  Zenitani R  Bando T  Goto Y  Uchida K  Maruyama T  Yamamoto S  Miyazaki N  Fujise Y 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(2):125-136

Abnormal testes and uterus were observed in 13 males (33%) and one female (3%) out of 40 common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in the western North Pacific. Similar lesions were found in testis and ovary, respectively, in one male (2%) and female (2%) out of 43 Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni) in the western North Pacific. Grossly, granular lesions with caseation and calcification were main pathological signs, and they were restricted to reproductive organs of mature whales. Chronic purulent or granulomatous orchitis was observed by microscopic analysis. Antibodies to Brucella species were detected in the serum samples of 15/40 (38%) of common minke whales and 4/43 (9%) of Bryde's whales. Neither pathological nor serological change was found in the examined sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) in the western North Pacific and Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis). These results strongly suggest that Brucella infection was involved in two species of baleen whales (Mysticeti) in the North Pacific.  相似文献