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111.
Claudina Vissio Silvana Andrea Dieser Héctor Luis Agnelli Liliana Mónica Odierno Alejandro José Larriestra 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2014
The somatic cell count (SCC) is considered an important indicator of intra-mammary infection (IMI). The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of both SCC and culture to detect IMI and their conditional dependence by means of latent class methods. This study involved 175 dairy cows from 2 herds with different udder infection prevalences. Quarter and composite milk samples were collected for SCC and bacteriological culture. Latent-class models using Bayesian methods were used to estimate test sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) and population prevalence. The models ran involved only major mastitis pathogens and composite SCC (CSCC). Five thresholds between 100,000 and 300,000 cells/mL were evaluated and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Fifty-five percent of the cows had CSCC ≥200,000 cells/mL and 95.4% of the cows had at least one infected quarter either with minor or major pathogens. Considering a threshold of 150,000 cells/mL, the estimated Se and Sp for the CSCC were, 0.80 (95% CrI 0.71–0.88) and 0.57 (95% CrI 0.44–0.71), respectively. The estimated culture Se and Sp were 0.83 (95% CrI 0.73–0.93) and 0.89 (95% CrI 0.74–0.98), respectively. There was no evidence of dependence between CSCC and culture. The area under curve for CSCC was 0.72. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the CSCC accuracy to detect IMI for major pathogens considering the effect of culture misclassification. The estimates provided here could help to examine the performance of sampling schemes based on CSCC to manage udder health. 相似文献
112.
Elisabetta Bigagli Mario DAmbrosio Lorenzo Cinci Alberto Niccolai Natascia Biondi Liliana Rodolfi Luana Beatriz Dos Santos Nascimiento Mario R. Tredici Cristina Luceri 《Marine drugs》2021,19(6)
In this study, we compared the effects of a Tisochrysis lutea (T. lutea) F&M-M36 methanolic extract with those of fucoxanthin (FX) at equivalent concentration, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The T. lutea F&M-M36 methanolic extract contained 4.7 mg of FX and 6.22 mg of gallic acid equivalents of phenols per gram. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of simple phenolic acid derivatives. The T. lutea F&M-M36 extract exhibited a potent and concentration-dependent inhibitory activity against COX-2 dependent PGE2 production compared to FX alone. Compared to LPS, T. lutea F&M-M36 extract and FX reduced the expression of IL-6 and of Arg1 and enhanced that of IL-10 and of HO-1; T. lutea F&M-M36 extract also significantly abated the expression of NLRP3, enhanced mir-223 expression and reduced that of mir-146b, compared to LPS (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that T. lutea F&M-M36 methanolic extract has a peculiar anti-inflammatory activity against COX-2/PGE2 and NLRP3/mir-223 that might be attributable to the known anti-inflammatory effects of simple phenolic compounds found in the extract that may synergize with FX. Our data suggest that T. lutea F&M-M36 may serve as a source of anti-inflammatory compounds to be further evaluated in in vivo models of inflammation. 相似文献
113.
Andrea A. Zanini Liliana Di Feo Dario F. Luna Pablo Paccioretti Agostina Collavino Marianela S. Rodriguez 《Plant pathology》2021,70(1):195-205
Cassava common mosaic virus (CsCMV) is a potexvirus that causes systemic infections in cassava plants, leading to chlorotic mosaic and producing significant yield losses. To date, the physiological alterations and the mechanism underlying biotic stress during the cassava–CsCMV compatible interaction remains unknown. In this study, we found that CsCMV infection adversely modified chloroplast structure and had functional effects on chloroplasts in source leaves during the course of viral infection. Extrusion of the chloroplast membrane with amoeboid-shaped appearance and disorganized grana stacks were observed in infected mesophyll cells. These alterations were associated with up to 35% reduction of relative chlorophyll content, and a decline of CO2 fixation (13.5% and 24.2% at 90 and 210 days after planting, respectively). The effects of CsCMV infection on the performance index on absorption basis dropped up to 37%. The analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence showed a progressive loss of both oxygen evolving complex activity and “connectivity” within the tripartite system (core antenna-LHCII-reaction centre). Here, we report the latter phenomenon for the first time in a viral infection. The oxidative stress process was observed in CsCMV-infected plants (20.8% reduction of antioxidant capacity with respect to noninfected plants). Other effects of the pathogen included reduction of starch and maltose content in source leaves, and a significant increase (24.7%) of the sucrose:starch ratio, which indicates an altered pattern of carbon allocation. Our results suggest that CsCMV induces chloroplast distortion associated with progressive chloroplast function loss and diversion of carbon flux in source leaf tissue, leading to the loss of cassava tuber yield. 相似文献
114.
do Nascimento Barreto Andréa Guimarães Maciel e Silva André Esteves Sergio Novita Jacinto Manuel Antonio Chagas Barioni Junior Waldomiro Brandão Felipe Zandonadi de Andrade Pantoja Messy Hannear Botta Daniela Romanello Narian Lemes Amanda Prudêncio Giro Alessandro Garcia Alexandre Rossetto 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2481-2491
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Morada Nova breed sheep are without wool, tropicalized, small-sized animals, known for their high-quality meat and skin. Their body development naturally... 相似文献
115.
116.
Proteome of the periovulatory oviduct and uterus of goats as related to nutritional balance
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César Carneiro Linhares Fernandes Paula Rodriguez‐Villamil Fábio Roger Vasconcelos Celso Shiniti Nagano Rafael Rossetto Arlindo de Alencar Araripe Noronha Moura Davide Rondina 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(5):1085-1095
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different feeding levels on the proteome of oviduct and uterus tissues of hormonally stimulated goats during the periovulatory period. Forty goats were separated into four different diet groups: Diet 1.0 M (n = 11), Diet 1.3 M (n = 10), Diet 1.6 M (n = 9), Diet 1.9 M (n = 10), fed with 1.0, 1.3, 1.6 and 1.9 times live weight maintenance, respectively. After four weeks of treatment, six hormonally stimulated females per treatment group were randomly selected for collection of uterine and the oviduct tissue samples. Samples were collected after animals were slaughtered in a commercial unit. Feeding goats with 1.3 to 1.9 times more nutrients than a control group directly influenced the proteome of the oviduct and uterus, altering the expression of proteins that participate in biological processes such as apoptosis, antioxidant, and immunological activities. These events are crucial for fertilization and early embryonic survival. Expression of oviduct proteins such as Tubulin Beta 2B, Transferrin and Disulphide‐isomerase A3 increased in the 1.9 M group in relation to the other feeding levels. Disulphide‐isomerase A4 showed higher expression in the 1.0 M group compared to diets with higher energetic levels. As energy intake increased in the diets, there was higher expression of Alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and downregulation of Profilin‐1 in the uterus of the goats. In conclusion, this study showed that specific proteins of the goat oviduct and uterus expressed during the periovulatory period are modified as the result of nutritional balance. 相似文献
117.
Lorena del Rosario Marinoni Juan Marcelo Zabala Edith Liliana Taleisnik Gustavo Enrique Schrauf Geraldina Alicia Richard Pablo Andrs Tomas Julio Alberto Giavedoni Jos Francisco Pensiero 《Grass and Forage Science》2019,74(3):321-344
The use of wild halophytic species as forage resources in saline environments has gained increasing attention. Argentina ranks third in area of saline soils in the world, with a third of its territory showing various degrees of salinity, sodicity and/or alkalinity. On this type of soils, rangelands are the main forage resource for livestock production. Many wild species have forage potential and can also be used for the rehabilitation of rangelands and for intercropping. Information about these species, as well as on the physiological and genetic bases associated with salinity tolerance, provides relevant tools for efficient selection methods. This study addresses Argentine wild halophyte species with forage potential and describes selection criteria with an emphasis on the following taxa: (a) Poaceae: subfamily Chloridoideae and tribes Paniceae and Triticeae, (b) Fabaceae and (c) Amaranthaceae (formerly known as Chenopodiaceae). The review is intended to contribute to the general discussion on strategies for the improvement of wild plant genetic resources, using forage species naturally growing in saline soils in Argentina as a case study. 相似文献
118.
Roderick F. Felsheim Adela S. Oliva Chávez Guy H. Palmer Liliana Crosby Anthony F. Barbet Timothy J. Kurtti Ulrike G. Munderloh 《Veterinary parasitology》2010,167(2-4):167-174
The tick-borne pathogen, Anaplasma marginale, has a complex life cycle involving ruminants and ixodid ticks. It causes bovine anaplasmosis, a disease with significant economic impact on cattle farming worldwide. The obligate intracellular growth requirement of the bacteria poses a challenging obstacle to their genetic manipulation, a problem shared with other prokaryotes in the genera Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Rickettsia. Following our successful transformation of the human anaplasmosis agent, A. phagocytophilum, we produced plasmid constructs (a transposon bearing plasmid, pHimarAm-trTurboGFP-SS, and a transposase expression plasmid, pET28Am-trA7) designed to mediate random insertion of the TurboGFP and spectinomycin/streptomycin resistance genes by the Himar1 allele A7 into the A. marginale chromosome. In these trans constructs, expression of the fluorescent and the selectable markers on the transposon, and expression of the transposase are under control of the A. marginale tr promoter. Constructs were co-electroporated into A. marginale St. Maries purified from tick cell culture, and bacteria incubated for 2 months under selection with a combination of spectinomycin and streptomycin. At that time, ≤1% of tick cells contained colonies of brightly fluorescent Anaplasma, which eventually increased to infect about 80–90% of the cells. Cloning of the insertion site in E. coli and DNA sequence analyses demonstrated insertion of the entire plasmid pHimarAm-trTurboGFP-SS encoding the transposon in frame into the native tr region of A. marginale in an apparent single homologous crossover event not mediated by the transposase. Transformants are fastidious and require longer subculture intervals than wild type A. marginale. This result suggests that A. marginale, as well as possibly other species of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia, can be transformed using a strategy of homologous recombination. 相似文献
119.
Clarke JA Ksepka DT Salas-Gismondi R Altamirano AJ Shawkey MD D'Alba L Vinther J DeVries TJ Baby P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6006):954-957
Penguin feathers are highly modified in form and function, but there have been no fossils to inform their evolution. A giant penguin with feathers was recovered from the late Eocene (~36 million years ago) of Peru. The fossil reveals that key feathering features, including undifferentiated primary wing feathers and broad body contour feather shafts, evolved early in the penguin lineage. Analyses of fossilized color-imparting melanosomes reveal that their dimensions were similar to those of non-penguin avian taxa and that the feathering may have been predominantly gray and reddish-brown. In contrast, the dark black-brown color of extant penguin feathers is generated by large, ellipsoidal melanosomes previously unknown for birds. The nanostructure of penguin feathers was thus modified after earlier macrostructural modifications of feather shape linked to aquatic flight. 相似文献
120.
The collection, identification and maintenance of genebank accessions of the genus Trifolium is a major task because of the large number of genera and their occasional morphological similarity. We investigated whether
the measurement of nuclear DNA content can serve as an additional criterion for identification of mislabeled accessions. Relative
nuclear DNA content was determined by flow cytometry measurements for a total of 151 genebank accessions of 23 Trifolium species with notable agronomical value. Among 23 species analyzed, 15 were found to possess a uniform relative nuclear DNA
content, with intraspecific variability of the majority of analyzed species lower than 5%. Within six Trifolium species, 1–2 atypical accessions with outstanding differences in relative DNA content, chromosome number and morphological
features were found. In T. hybridum and partially in T. ambiguum these outstanding differences could be ascribed to variations in accession ploidy level. For the remaining atypical accessions,
the determined nuclear DNA content, chromosome number and morphological features were not related to those characteristic
of the species. Additionally taxonomic identity of atypical accessions was determined using ITS region sequencing and morphological
observations. We propose flow cytometric measurements of nuclear DNA content as simple and reliable technique which can be
used at seedling stage to verify identity and genetic stability of Trifolium genebank accessions. 相似文献