Seasonality and anatomical location of human tick bites in the United Kingdom     

Benjamin Cull  Maaike E. Pietzsch  Emma L. Gillingham  Liz McGinley  Jolyon M. Medlock  Kayleigh M. Hansford 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(2):112-121

Tick bites on humans can occur in a variety of habitats and may result in the transmission of tick‐borne pathogens, such as the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis (LB), Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. As the risk of transmission of this pathogen to the host increases with the duration of tick feeding, the recognition and removal of ticks as soon as possible following attachment is important for reducing the risk of infection. Performing a thorough body examination for ticks following potential exposure is recommended by tick awareness campaigns. Knowledge of where on the body feeding ticks are frequently found, and at which times of year peak tick exposure occurs, provides important information for public health messaging and may aid those bitten by ticks to engage more effectively with tick‐checking behaviour. This paper summarizes human tick bites in the United Kingdom (UK) during 2013–2018 reported to Public Health England's passive Tick Surveillance Scheme and further examines the anatomical location and seasonality of bites from the most commonly encountered tick and LB vector Ixodes ricinus. A total of 1,328 tick records from humans were received of which 93% were I. ricinus. Humans were most commonly bitten by I. ricinus nymphs (70% bites). Tick bites were recorded on all parts of the body, but there were significant differences in their anatomical location on adults and children. Most tick bites on adults occurred on the legs (50%), whereas on children tick bites were mostly on the head and neck (43%). Bites from I. ricinus were recorded throughout the year but were most numerous during May to August. This study adds to the body of research on the seasonality and anatomical location of human tick bites in temperate Europe and highlights the importance of data collected through passive surveillance in addition to research and epidemiological studies.  相似文献   

Double haploids,markers and QTL analysis in vegetable brassicas     

David Pink  Liz Bailey  Sandy McClement  Paul Hand  Evy Mathas  Vicky Buchanan-Wollaston  Dave Astley  Graham King  Graham Teakle 《Euphytica》2008,164(2):509-514

Double haploid (DH) plants of Brassica spp. can be produced via anther culture or culture of microspores. This paper reviews the uses of double haploids in crop improvement research in vegetable brassicas (B. oleracea). Applications of DH lines are described for breeding; construction of linkage maps; genetic analysis of quantitative traits and capturing genetic variation. The advantages and disadvantages of DH lines are discussed  相似文献   

秋季国外地板全扫描     

Liz  Switzer  龙超 《国际木业》2008,38(10):20-22

尽管近来购买者多是看得多买得少,但是商家不乏推介新产品以引起购买者的关注。供应商力争使其产品与众不同,并且帮助商家利用新的盈利手段来推动秋季销售。其中最值得关注的是：  相似文献   

Is it time to define veterinary professionalism?     

Mossop LH 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2012,39(1):93-100

The medical profession has spent much time and many resources engaging in a discourse of medical professionalism and debating the appropriate attitudes and behavior of physicians, but little has been published concerning the concept of veterinary professionalism. Physicians are commonly examined by social scientists and educationalists to establish definitions of medical professionalism in order to teach and assess these values within curricula. This challenging process has not been without criticism, however, with some calling the numerous definitions unhelpful, especially when these behaviors are not demonstrated in practice or the wider sociological implications of medical professionalism are ignored. Veterinary curricula often include professional skills, and there has been some discussion about their inclusion as well as the scope of veterinary surgeons and their role in society. Despite this, no true definition of veterinary professionalism exists, and the teaching of the values and behaviors expected of veterinary professionals may not be explicit. Regardless of the difficulties of engaging in such a discourse, perhaps it is time that this occurred and a realistic and usable definition of veterinary professionalism is established. This is a period of change for the veterinary profession, and a teachable and assessable definition can provide some clarity and assist educators within ever evolving veterinary curricula.  相似文献   

V. Aspinall (Ed.), Complete Textbook of Veterinary Nursing,first ed., Saunders Elsevier,London, 2011, ISBN9780702040504, 748 pp.; £54.99 (hard)     

Liz Branscombe 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(1):e2

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Toxoplasma gondii-like organisms in skin aspirates from a cat with disseminated protozoal infection     

Little L  Shokek A  Dubey JP  Deheer HL 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(2):156-160

An 8-year-old, male domestic shorthair cat was referred to the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania with a 3-day history of lethargy, inappetance, hyperemic skin nodules, coughing, and vomiting. Laboratory results included nonregenerative anemia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, and increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. Cytology of the skin nodules revealed many spindle- to crescent-shaped protozoal organisms, with morphology consistent with Toxoplasma gondii or Neospora caninum. Gross necropsy, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and transmission electron microscopic findings confirmed a systemic protozoal infection; however, the organism exhibited characteristics of both N caninum and T gondii. Diagnosis of a T gondii-like infection was based on internal structures of the organism and positive reaction to rabbit polyclonal antibodies to T gondii. Reports of toxoplasmic dermatitis are rare in the cat and dog, and this is the first reported diagnosis of T gondii-like protozoa in skin aspirates.  相似文献   

Brazil's Nuclear Activities     

Abdenur R  Palmer L  Milhollin G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5711):847-51; author reply 847-51

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Long-term stability in core habitat of an endangered population of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): Implications for spatial management     

Steph Bennington  Will Rayment  Rohan Currey  Lucy Oldridge  Shaun Henderson  Marta Guerra  Tom Brough  David Johnston  Chloe Corne  David Johnson  Liz Slooten  Steve Dawson 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(3):665-676

1. A small population of approximately 68 bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, resident in Doubtful Sound, New Zealand, is subject to physiologically challenging conditions, and is exposed to anthropogenic pressure from tourism.
2. A voluntary Code of Management incorporating dolphin protection zones (DPZs), in which tour boat access is limited, was established in 2008.
3. Kernel density estimation (KDE) was used to quantify dolphin habitat use over a 13-year period in order to describe seasonal variation in habitat use and consistency of habitat use over a decadal period, and to provide quantitative estimates of the extent of overlap between DPZs and core areas (50% volume contour) of habitat use.
4. Habitat use varied seasonally, with the inner fjord area used more frequently in warmer months, and with a shift in use to the outer fjord in colder months. Patterns in habitat use were highly consistent over the 13-year duration of the study.
5. The spatial overlap between the area of core dolphin habitat and DPZs was low (<18%) overall, and some DPZs were rarely used during colder periods.
6. Consistency in habitat use through time vindicates spatial management, but low overlap between core habitat and current DPZs suggests that an expansion of the DPZ areas would confer greater protection.

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Rhizodeposits of Trifolium pratense and Lolium perenne: their comparative effects on 2,4-D mineralization in two contrasting soils     

Liz J Shaw 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2005,37(5):995-1002

Rhizosphere enhanced biodegradation of organic pollutants has been reported frequently and a stimulatory role for specific components of rhizodeposits postulated. As rhizodeposit composition is a function of plant species and soil type, we compared the effect of Lolium perenne and Trifolium pratense grown in two different soils (a sandy silt loam: pH 4, 2.8% OC, no previous 2,4-D exposure and a silt loam: pH 6.5, 4.3% OC, previous 2,4-D exposure) on the mineralization of the herbicide 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). We investigated the relationship of mineralization kinetics to dehydrogenase activity, most probable number of 2,4-D degraders (MPN_2,4-D) and 2,4-D degrader composition (using sequence analysis of the gene encoding α-ketoglutarate/2,4-D dioxygenase (tfdA)). There were significant (P<0.01) plant-soil interaction effects on MPN_2,4-D and 2,4-D mineralization kinetics (e.g. T. pratense rhizodeposits enhanced the maximum mineralization rate by 30% in the acid sandy silt loam soil, but not in the neutral silt loam soil). Differences in mineralization kinetics could not be ascribed to 2,4-D degrader composition as both soils had tfdA sequences which clustered with tfdAs representative of two distinct classes of 2,4-D degrader: canonical R. eutropha JMP134-like and oligotrophic α-proteobacterial-like. Other explanations for the differential rhizodeposit effect between soils and plants (e.g. nutrient competition effects) are discussed. Our findings stress that complexity of soil-plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere make the occurrence and extent of rhizosphere-enhanced xenobiotic degradation difficult to predict.  相似文献   

Genotypic characterization and steviol glycoside quantification in a population of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni from Paraguay     

Bogado-Villalba  Liz  Nakayama Nakashima  Héctor  Britos  Rosanna  Iehisa  Julio Cesar Masaru  Flores Giubi  María Eugenia 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2021,24(2):145-152

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni is a widely grown species in various regions of the world, mainly due to its sweetening properties attributed to...  相似文献