Estimating seasonal evapotranspiration from temporal satellite images   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Ramesh K. Singh  Shuguang Liu  Larry L. Tieszen  Andrew E. Suyker  Shashi B. Verma 《Irrigation Science》2012,30(4):303-313

Estimating seasonal evapotranspiration (ET) has many applications in water resources planning and management, including hydrological and ecological modeling. Availability of satellite remote sensing images is limited due to repeat cycle of satellite or cloud cover. This study was conducted to determine the suitability of different methods namely cubic spline, fixed, and linear for estimating seasonal ET from temporal remotely sensed images. Mapping Evapotranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) model in conjunction with the wet METRIC (wMETRIC), a modified version of the METRIC model, was used to estimate ET on the days of satellite overpass using eight Landsat images during the 2001 crop growing season in Midwest USA. The model-estimated daily ET was in good agreement (R ²?=?0.91) with the eddy covariance tower-measured daily ET. The standard error of daily ET was 0.6?mm (20%) at three validation sites in Nebraska, USA. There was no statistically significant difference (P?>?0.05) among the cubic spline, fixed, and linear methods for computing seasonal (July–December) ET from temporal ET estimates. Overall, the cubic spline resulted in the lowest standard error of 6?mm (1.67%) for seasonal ET. However, further testing of this method for multiple years is necessary to determine its suitability.  相似文献   

Aroma profiles of the curry leaf, Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. chemotypes: Variability in north India during the year     

Ram Swaroop Verma  Rajendra Chandra PadaliaVinod Arya  Amit Chauhan 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):343-348

Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. (Rutaceae) is characterized by a large chemical intraspecific variability among the land races. This fact makes it difficult to detect real changes occurring in their essential oil composition during annual cycle. Based on this, variations of essential oil yield and composition in two chemotypes (‘A’ and ‘B’) of M. koenigii were assessed in spring, summer, rainy, autumn and winter seasons under foot hill conditions of northern India. The essential oil yield ranged from 0.15% to 0.18% in chemotype ‘A’, while it varied from 0.12% to 0.14% in chemotype ‘B’. Essential oils of both chemotypes from different seasons were analysed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of fifty-eight constituents representing 93.7-98.8% of chemotype ‘A’ and fifty-six constituents forming 96.1-98.7% of the total composition of chemotype ‘B’ were identified. Chemotype ‘A’ was characterized by higher percentages of α-pinene (34.6-41.9%), sabinene (26.1-36.1%), (E)-caryophyllene (2.4-5.4%) and terpinen-4-ol (1.5-5.3%), whereas chemotype ‘B’ was dominated by higher amount of α-pinene (52.7-65.3%), β-pinene (10.7-12.9%), (E)-caryophyllene (3.1-10.3%) and limonene (5.1-7.8%). Comparative results showed considerable variations in the essential oil composition of both chemotypes due to season of collection. Present study concluded that the M. koenigii leaves of desired quality may be obtained by selecting suitable chemotype and season.  相似文献   

Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Properties of Bran in 51 Wheat Cultivars     

Brij Verma  Pierre. Hucl  Ravindra N. Chibbar 《Cereal Chemistry》2008,85(4):544-549

Whole‐grain‐based diets have been suggested to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. Phenolic compounds, most of which are present in the wheat bran, may be one of the factors contributing to whole‐grain health benefits. We measured the free, bound, and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the bran of 51 wheat cultivars belonging to eight Western Canadian spring wheat market classes grown in a replicated trial at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. The free phenolic (extracted with 80% v/v aqueous ethanol) content ranged from 854.1 ± 265.1 to 1,754.9 ± 240.3 μg/g of bran gallic acid equivalent (GAE). Saponification followed by a liquid‐liquid solvent extraction released bound phenols ranging from 2,304.9 ± 483.0 to 5,386.1 ± 927.5 μg/g of bran GAE, contributing 66–82% of the total wheat bran phenolic content. Total phenolic content ranged from 3,406.4 ± 32.3 to 6,702.7 ± 19.6 μg/g of bran GAE, with the average being 5,197.2 ± 804.9 μg/g of bran GAE. Antioxidant activity ranged from 11.86 ± 2.59 to 20.12 ± 0.51%, while the overall average was 15.6 ± 2.2%. Based on varietal means, antioxidant activity correlated with free, bound, and total phenolic content (r = 0.8, P < 0.05).  相似文献   

Comparative Germplasm Characterization of Maize (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Zea mays</Emphasis> L.) in Rajouri Region of Pir Panjal Himalaya J &amp; K (India), based on Morphological and ISSR Markers     

Tanvir H. Dar  Rubiada Shakeel  Shusheel Verma 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2018,21(1):43-55

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Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on soil microbial activity and soil organic carbon build-up under rice in west coast of India     

Mahajan Gopal Ramdas  Manjunath B. L.  Singh Narendra Pratap  Ramesh R  Verma R. R  Latare Ashish Marutrao 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(3):414-426

The effect of medium-term (5 years) application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients (as mineral or inorganic fertilizers) on soil organic carbon (SOC), SOC stock, carbon (C) build-up rate, microbial and enzyme activities in flooded rice soils was tested in west coast of India. Compared to the application of vermicompost, glyricidia (Glyricidia maculate) (fresh) and eupatorium (Chromolaena adenophorum) (fresh) and dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata) (fresh), the application of farmyard manure (FYM) and combined application of paddy straw (dry) and water hyacinth (PsWh) (fresh) improved the SOC content significantly (p < 0.05). The lowest (p < 0.05) SOC content (0.81%) was observed in untreated control. The highest (p < 0.05) SOC stock (23.7 Mg C ha^?1) was observed in FYM-treated plots followed by recommended dose of mineral fertilizer (RDF) (23.2 Mg C ha^?1) and it was lowest (16.5 Mg C ha^?1) in untreated control. Soil microbial biomass carbon (C_mb) (246 µg g^?1 soil) and C_mb/SOC (1.92%) were highest (p < 0.05) in FYM-treated plot. The highest (p < 0.05) value of metabolic quotient (qCO₂) was recorded under RDF (19.7 µg CO₂-C g^?1 C_mb h^?1) and untreated control (19.6 µg CO₂-C g^?1 C_mb h^?1). Application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients impacted soil enzyme activities significantly (p < 0.05) with FYM causing highest dehydrogenase (20.5 µg TPF g^?1 day^?1), phosphatase (659 µg PNP g^?1 h^?1) and urease (0.29 µg urea g^?1 h^?1) activities. Application of organic source of nutrients especially FYM improved the microbial and enzyme activities in flooded and transplanted rice soils. Although the grain yield was higher with the application of RDF, but the use of FYM as an organic agricultural practice is more useful when efforts are intended to conserve more SOC and improved microbial activity.  相似文献   

Recombinase Polymerase Amplification assay for rapid detection of a geminivirus associated with potato apical leaf curl disease     

Raigond  Baswaraj  Pathania  Shruti  Verma  Ambika  Verma  Gaurav  Kochhar  Tarvinder  Chakrabarti  S. K. 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(4):1061-1071

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) assay was developed for specific detection of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus-potato (ToLCNDV [potato]),...  相似文献   

Post harvest physiconutritional changes in Kagzi limes (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) treated with selected oil emulsions and diphenyl   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Verma P  Dashora LK 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2000,55(4):279-284

Influence of oil emulsions and diphenyl on post-harvest physico nutritionalchanges in Kagzi limes (Citrus aurantifolia) was studied. During twelvedays of storage, physiological loss in weight (PLW) and rotting were at a minimum in fruits treated with Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) oilplus diphenyl; juice content was at a maximum in mustard oil + diphenyltreated fruits. With the advancement of storage period, total soluble solidswere increased while ascorbic acid and acidity of fruits decreased. Mustardoil plus diphenyl supported maximum ascorbic acid (25.60 mg/100 ml juice) andminimum total soluble solids (9.03%).  相似文献   

Copper Dynamics in a Typic Hapludalf Under Rice-Wheat Cropping System After Twelve Years of Annual Lantana Camara L. Residue Incorporation     

Sandeep Sharma  T. S. Verma 《Journal of plant nutrition》2014,37(7):1093-1103

Long term effects of lantana (Lantana camera L.) residue and fertilizer application were studied on copper (Cu) fractions in a Typic Hapludalf under rice-wheat cropping at Palampur, India (32°6′N, 76°3′E). A partitioning of soil Cu revealed residual Cu and organically bound Cu as the most dominant fractions followed by Cu occluded by free oxides, specifically exchangeable Cu and soil solution and exchangeable Cu. Continuous incorporation of lantana after 12 years resulted in redistribution of Cu from non-available forms to readily and potentially available forms in soil. All the Cu fractions were positively interrelated amongst themselves and with grain yield and Cu uptake in rice and wheat crops. Specifically exchangeable Cu followed by organically bound Cu were the most important Cu fraction contributing towards grain yield and Cu uptake in rice and wheat crops.  相似文献   

On-farm status of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genetic resources in Garhwal Himalaya of Uttarakhand,India     

P. S. Mehta  S. N. Ojha  K. S. Negi  S. K. Verma  A. Rayal  R. K. Tyagi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(7):1279-1294

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the three major food crops of the world and India is the largest rice growing country accounting for about one-third of the world average under the crop. Rice is being cultivated in Northern India since ca 2000 BC as evident from archaeological studies. A total of 103 traditional varieties of rice collected from interior parts, during the study period. The present study was designed with the aim to document the rice diversity and its socio-economic and cultural importance for local farming communities of Garhwal Himalaya in Central Himalayan Region. For collection of information 324 households from 116 villages in the study area were sampled. The study revealed different agro-eco-niches of the study area, traditional processing pathways, socio-economic and cultural development, diversity available, factors responsible for erosion/replacement of diversity, aesthetic values and specialized food quality of local rice varieties etc. The number of rice varieties grown and available for cultivation in ten valleys of Garhwal Himalaya were documented so as these can be utilized and conserved for research and development in the future.  相似文献   

Age resistance in chickens against infectious bursal disease     

A S Panisup  K C Verma  G C Mohanty 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1984,25(4):561-566

The day old broiler chickens possessing IBD precipitating maternal antibody when exposed either to IBD contaminated environment or challenged intrabursally with virulent virus at weekly intervals indicated 100% susceptibility around 4–5 weeks of age. However, chickens lacking maternal antibody upon intrabursal challenge were found susceptible by 2 weeks of age.  相似文献