Simian AIDS: isolation of a type D retrovirus and transmission of the disease   总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32  

P A Marx  D H Maul  K G Osborn  N W Lerche  P Moody  L J Lowenstine  R V Henrickson  L O Arthur  R V Gilden  M Gravell 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4640):1083-1086

A type D retrovirus related to but distinct from Mason-Pfizer monkey virus was isolated in vitro from the blood of two rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS). Three juvenile rhesus monkeys that were injected intravenously with tissue culture fluids containing this virus developed SAIDS after 2 to 4 weeks.  相似文献   

Myenteric ganglionitis as a cause of recurrent colic in an adult horse     

Blake KR  Affolter VK  Lowenstine LJ  Vilches-Moure JG  le Jeune SS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2012,240(12):1494-1500

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鸭瘟活疫苗生产工艺改进试验     

齐琳  齐铁英  李宝臣  王莉娟  王雪霏  孟庆春  王春伟  王芳  毛雪静  刘慧芬  张艳红  张亚华 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(4):47-48

利用尿囊腔接种法替代绒毛尿囊膜接种法生产鸭瘟活疫苗,收获的胚液和绒毛尿囊膜及胎儿的病毒含量(ELD50)均高于<中华人民共和国兽用生物制品规程>2000年版中的病毒含量标准,而且降低了早死率,提高了鸡胚利用率.  相似文献   

Impacts of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide on model terrestrial ecosystems   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

TH Jones  LJ Thompson  JH Lawton  TM Bezemer  RD Bardgett  TM Blackburn  KD Bruce  PF Cannon  GS Hall  SE Hartley  G Howson  CG Jones  C Kampichler  E Kandeler  DA Ritchie 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5362):441-443

In model terrestrial ecosystems maintained for three plant generations at elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide, increases in photosynthetically fixed carbon were allocated below ground, raising concentrations of dissolved organic carbon in soil. These effects were then transmitted up the decomposer food chain. Soil microbial biomass was unaffected, but the composition of soil fungal species changed, with increases in rates of cellulose decomposition. There were also changes in the abundance and species composition of Collembola, fungal-feeding arthropods. These results have implications for long-term feedback processes in soil ecosystems that are subject to rising global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.  相似文献   

Effects of barefoot trimming on hoof morphology     

HM Clayton  S Gray  LJ Kaiser  RM Bowker 《Australian veterinary journal》2011,89(8):305-311

Objective To monitor changes in hoof morphology in response to barefoot trimming. Methods Seven horses were trimmed every 6 weeks according to barefoot trimming principles, which involved levelling the hoof to live sole, lowering the heels, bevelling the toe and rounding the peripheral wall, while leaving the sole, frog and bars intact. A 4‐month period was allowed to lower the heels sufficiently to achieve a hoof shape representative of the barefoot trim. This was regarded as the starting point for morphological adaptations in response to maintenance of the trim. Hoof morphology was measured from lateral, dorsal and solar view photographs and lateromedial radiographs taken at 0, 4 and 16 months. Changes from 0 to 4 months represented differences between a natural hoof shape and the trim, while changes from 4 to 16 months represented adaptive effects during hoof growth. Results Establishment of the barefoot trim involved significant shortening of the toe, heel and medial and lateral walls, with increases in angulation at the toe, medial and lateral walls, but not at the heel. Maintenance of the trim resulted in a palmar/plantar migration of the heels, with increases in support length, heel angle and solar angle of the distal phalanx (P3). Conclusions Bevelling the toe and engaging the frog and bars in the weight‐bearing function of the foot resulted in elevation of the heel angle and solar angle of P3. These changes may be beneficial in treating under‐run heels and negative solar plane angulation of P3.  相似文献   

Transition Element-Like Chemistry for Potassium Under Pressure     

LJ Parker  T Atou  JV Badding 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,273(5271):95-97

At high pressure the alkali metals potassium, rubidium, and cesium transform to metals that have a d1 electron configuration, becoming transition metal-like. As a result, compounds were shown to form between potassium and the transition metal nickel. These results demonstrate that the chemical behavior of the alkali metals under pressure is very different from that under ambient conditions, where alkali metals and transition metals do not react because of large differences in size and electronic structure. They also have significant implications for the hypothesis that potassium is incorporated into Earth's core.  相似文献   

Positive Effects of Melatonin Treatment on the Reproductive Performance of Young Border Leicester Rams Mated to Merino Ewes in Spring: Preliminary Observations     

DO Kleemann  JM Kelly  LJ Arney  IL Farley  AJ Tilbrook  SK Walker 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):894-898

Poor reproductive performance of Merino ewe flocks when mated to Border Leicester rams during spring may be due to seasonality of the Border Leicester breed. Two approaches were taken to test this assumption. Six young (12 months old) or six mixed‐age (12, 24 and ≥36 months old) Border Leicester rams were either treated or not treated with melatonin implants (2 × 2 design) 6 weeks before the four groups of rams were each put with approximately 300 Merino ewes for an 8‐week mating period. Implants were inserted in early September (experiment 1). The second approach was to yard or not yard ewes and mixed‐age rams on several occasions during the first 3 weeks of the mating period (experiment 2). Pregnancy rate and twinning percentage were assessed by ultrasonography. In experiment 1, melatonin treatment in young rams increased (p < 0.001) pregnancy rate from 5.0% to 92.6%, but mixed‐age rams did not respond (90.7% vs 89.5% for melatonin and non‐melatonin treatments, respectively). Twinning rate was similar (p > 0.05) for ewes mated to either melatonin or non‐melatonin‐treated young rams (36.8% vs 40.0%, respectively), whereas melatonin significantly improved (p < 0.05) twinning rate in those ewes mated to mixed‐age rams (49.1% vs 36.1%). After 6 weeks of melatonin treatment, scrotal circumference was greater (p < 0.05) in both young and mixed‐aged rams than in untreated counterparts. In experiment 2, yarding of ewes and rams overnight on several occasions early in the mating period reduced (p < 0.001) pregnancy rate compared with non‐yarded counterparts (89.5% vs 65.5%). Twinning rate was not affected (37.7% vs 36.1%, respectively). In summary, melatonin treatment of Border Leicester rams significantly improved flock reproductive performance in spring due to improved pregnancy rates with young rams and improved litter size with mixed‐age rams.  相似文献   

Liposome-encapsulated oxymorphone provides prolonged relief of post-surgical visceral pain in rats     

LJ  Smith  L Krugner-Higby  M Clark  D Ney  E Dahly 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):116-117

A delayed‐release formulation of liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone was produced using a novel dehydration–rehydration technique. The purpose of this study was to (i) compare the analgesic properties of this preparation with those of repeated injections of standard oxymorphone in rats with post‐operative visceral pain and (ii) determine whether liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone differed from standard oxymorphone in duration of the effect. Visceral pain was elicited in approximately 300 g Sprague–Dawley rats by intestinal resection performed under isoflurane anesthesia. Rats were monitored with pulse oximetry; mean anesthesia time (35 ± 10 minutes) did not differ between the groups. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 received 1.2 mg kg^?1 liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone SC once at skin closure and 0.2 mL of saline SC every 4 hours; Group 2 received 0.2 mL liposome‐encapsulated sucrose SC once at skin closure and 0.3 mg kg^?1 standard oxymorphone SC every 4 hours. In both groups, a behavioral ethogram for pain score (grooming, porphyrin staining, body position) was recorded every 4 hours for 48 hours after surgery. Observers were blinded to the treatment. Body weight, food consumption, and urine output were recorded daily for 7 days after anesthetic recovery. Data were analyzed using anova , with significance at p < 0.05. Based on the behavioral pain score, a single injection of liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone was as effective for relief of post‐surgical visceral pain in rats as multiple (every 4 hours) injections of standard oxymorphone administered over a 48 hour period (p = 0.18). In rats, given one dose of liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone, the mean body weight change from day 0 to day 7 was +9.4 g, whereas rats given multiple injections of standard oxymorphone had a mean body weight change of ?3.6 g over this time (p < 0.01). Mean daily food consumption was significantly less in rats given multiple injections of standard oxymorphone (p < 0.05). There was no difference between groups in urine production. In conclusion, a single dose of liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone was effective in treating visceral pain in rats. Rats treated with liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone had improved recovery, based on body weight changes and food consumption, compared with rats treated with multiple doses of standard oxymorphone. Liposome‐encapsulated oxymorphone offered advantages including provision of effective analgesia, prolonged dosing intervals, and minimal handling stress.  相似文献   

Caprine encephalomyelomalacia   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

D R Cordy  N E East  L J Lowenstine 《Veterinary pathology》1984,21(3):269-273

Six cases of encephalomyelomalacia in dairy goats 3 1/2 to four months of age are described. Neurologic signs had an abrupt onset and passed rapidly from ataxia to paralysis. All goats were killed after six to ten days and had spinal cord and brain stem lesions--always more extensive and severe in the cord. The bilaterally symmetrical necrotic lesions were restricted to the ventral and intermediate gray substance in the cord and to certain brain stem nuclei. The spinal cord enlargements were affected especially.  相似文献   

Identification of Brucella ovis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded genital tissues of naturally infected rams by the indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

RA FOSTER  PW LADDS  D. HOFFMANN  LJ GLEESON 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(10):324-326

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