BoLA class I polymorphism and in vitro immune response to M. bovis antigens     

Longeri M  Polli M  Ponti W  Zanotti M 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1993,110(1-6):335-345

SUMMARY: From a sample of 119 Friesian calves, serologically typed for BoLA class I, 47 subjects were chosen expressing 9 different MHC types (A6, A6.9, A10, A11, A14, A15, A30, W16, M103) with the same age and reared in the same farm conditions. The animals were s.c. injected with a water in oil suspension of killed M. bovis and the treatment was repeated two days later. Before the treatment and 21 days later, calves were bled and on PBM (peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes) were performed the following tests: 1. Lymphocyte Stimulation with bovine and avian PPDs (Purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium, respectively). 2. Phagocytic activity towards M. bovis. 3. Class II molecules expression on cell surface. 4. Percentage of leucocyte populations and subpopulations. In the in vitro Lymphocyte Stimulation test, all the animals and classes were responders. Animals bearing A10 BoLA class I presented c.p.m. (counts per minute) and index values higher than the other cattle; these values were significantly positively related both to bovine and avian PPDs (P < .01). By variance analysis A14 BoLA type showed a slight positive significant correlation with more efficient phagocytic activity. BoLA class I type did not seem to significantly affect percentage of class II positive cells and leucocyte percentages on PBM. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Der BoLA Klasse I Polymorphismus und in vitro immunologische Antwort gegen die Antigene von M. bovis Aus einer Stichprobe von 119 für BoLA Klasse I serologisch typisierten Friesian K?lber, wurden 47 Subjekte ausgew?hlt, die 9 verschiedene MHC Typen ausdrückten (A6, A6.9, A10, A11, A14, A15, A30, W16, M103). Alle waren gleich alt und in gleichen Haltungsbedingungen. Die Tiere wurden mit einer Wasser-in-Ol Suspension abget?teter M. bovis subkutan injiziert und die Behandlung nach zwei Tagen wiederholt. Vor und 21 Tage nach Behandlung wurden die folgenden Tests ausgeführt: 1. Lymphozyten-Stimulationstest mit bovinen und Geflügel PPDs. 2. Phagozyten Aktivit?t gegen M. bovis. 3. Zeil-Oberfl?chen, Expression der Klasse II Moleküle. 4. Anteile der Lymphozyten Populationen und Subpopulationen. Im in vitro Lymphozyten-Stimulationstest waren alle Tiere und Klassen responder. Tiere mit A10 BoLA I zeigten h?here c.p.m. und Indexwerte als die anderen; diese Werte waren in signifikant positiver Beziehung mit der PPD von M. bovis und auch mit M. avium (P < .01). BoLA Typ A14 zeigte leicht signifikant positive Korrelation mit wirksamerer Phagozyten Aktivit?t. BoLA Klasse I Typ scheint nicht den Prozentsatz der positiven Zellen der Klasse II und der Leukozyten der PBM signifikant zu beeinflussen. RESUMEN: Polimorfismo de BoLA clase I y immunidad a los antigenos del M. bovis Se escojeron 47 novillos dentro de un grupo de 119 animales que segun analisis previamente hecha tenian BoLA de clase I. Estos 47 novillos fueron escojidos de manera que tuvieran 9 distintos tipos de MHC (A6, A6.9, A10, A11, A14, A15, A30, W16, M103), la misma edad, las mismas condiciones de cria. Estos animales fueron inoculados subcutaneo con M. bovis matados en una suspension oleosa y la misma inoculacion fue repetida una secunda vez despues de dos dias. Por cada animal se tomaron muestras de sangre antes y 21 dias despues de la inoculacion de arriba. Las muestras de sangre fueron pruebaoas con: 1. Stimulacion Lymhocitaria con PPD bovina y avicola. 2. Actividad phagocitaria a M. bovis. 3. Expresion sobre la superficie celular de moleculas de clase II. 4. Porcentaje de poblaciones y de subpob-laciones de leucocitos. Todos los animales y todos los tipos de MHC dieron respuestas positivas en las pruebas de Stimulacion Lymphocitaria. Los animales que tenian la BoLA A10 presentaron valores de c.p.m. y indices mas altos de los demas animales. Estos valores se encontraron significativamente y positivamente relacionados sea a la PPD bovina que a la PPD avicola. Por medio de la analisis de varianzas se encontro que el tipo BoLA A14 muestraba una correlacion significativa y algo positiva con una mejor actividad fagocitaria. Los tipos de clase BoLA I no parecieron que influenzaran de manera appreciable el porcentaje de positividad por la clase II y el porcentaje de leucocitos en la sangre PBM.  相似文献   

Optimum test period and associations between standard 140-day test period and shorter test periods for growth rate in station tested beef bulls     

Liu MF  Makarechian M 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1993,110(1-6):312-317

SUMMARY: The records of 2034 beef bulls representing 931 sire families from ten breeds tested at Ellerslie Test Station, Alberta, Canada, from 1974 to 1987 were analyzed to investigate the feasibility of selecting a shorter test period and study the associations between the growth rate in the standard 140-day test period and that in shorter test periods for accurate evaluation of growth potential of young beef bulls in test station. The results indicated that the period between day 28 and day 112 of the standard test was less affected by herd of origin compared with the standard 140-day test period and therefore could be considered as the short optimum test period. Average daily gain in this period was least affected by herd of origin, and had relatively high heritability which would ensure satisfactory selection response. In order to properly evaluate growth potential of beef bulls and economically make use of the testing facilities, it would be appropriate to have an adjustment period of 56 days (original 28 days plus the first 28-day period of the standard test) followed by a test period of 84 days (between day 28 and day 112 of the standard test). Such a test would result in reduction in management costs while providing a more accurate evaluation of growth potentials of young beef bulls. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Optimale Prüfperiode und Zusammenh?nge zwischen Standard-140-Tage- und kürzerer Prüfung für Wachstumsrate bei Stationsprüfung von Fleischrind-Bullen Leistungsangaben von 2034 Fleischbullen aus 931 Bullennachkommenschaften von 10 Rassen wurden auf der Allersly-Station Alberta, Kanada, von 1974 bis 1987 im Hinblick darauf analysiert, inwieweit Beziehungen zwischen Wachstumsrate in der Standard-140-Tage-Periode und der in kürzeren Zeitabschnitten existieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, da? die Prüfperiode zwischen den Tagen 28 und 112 des Standardtests weniger durch Herkunft tangiert wird als die Standard 140-Tagetest-Periode und daher als optimale Prüfperiode betrachtet werden kann. Durchschnittszunahmen waren in dieser Periode am wenigsten durch Herkunft beeinflu?t und haben relativ hohe Heritabilit?t, die hinreicht, um Selektionserfolg zu sichern. Um das Wachstumspotential von Fleischrindbullen zu bewerten und Testanlagen ?konomisch zu nutzen, w?re es angebracht, eine Anpassungsperiode von 56 Tagen (ursprüngliche 28 plus die ersten 28 Tage der bisherigen Testperiode) vor einer eigentlichen Testperiode von 84 Tagen erfolgen zu lassen. Hierdurch würden Managementkosten reduziert und eine genauere Sch?tzung des Wachstumspotentials der Fleischbullen gesichert sein.  相似文献   

The relationship between competition capacity and reproduction in farmed silver-fox vixens, Vulpes vulpes     

Bakken M 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1993,110(1-6):147-155

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The ventricles of the brain in the N. American mink (Mustela vison (Brisson, 1756))     

Gościcka D  Stankiewicz W  Szpinda M 《Archivum veterinarium Polonicum / Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Veterinary Sciences》1993,33(3-4):237-248

Using anatomical as well as radiographic and tomographic methods, sixty brains of the N. American mink were examined. It was found that the brain consists of four ventricles. Also, it was noted that the posterior horn was missing and that there was the olfactory recess present in the lateral ventricle, a large-size interthalamic connection present in the third ventricle, and a flat, necklace-like bottom in the fourth ventricle. Only recently, the ins and outs of the mink's anatomical structure have begun to absorb anatomists. Apparently, it is related to the fact that furry animals, among them the mink, are being domesticated as if "before our eyes". For this reason and because of the easy access to material, examining of the brain ventricles in the mink was taken up.  相似文献   

Microscopic picture of the vesicular glands in young boars with respect to feeding level     

Langenfeld M  Kaczmarczyk J  Caputa-Jurasz L  Tuz R  Galos M 《Archivum veterinarium Polonicum / Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Veterinary Sciences》1993,33(3-4):189-195

On 27 German Landrace boars studies were conducted to describe the effect of feeding level during the growth period on the microscopic picture of vesicular glands in boars at 5, 6 and 7 months of age. Investigations have shown that differentiation of feeding level during the growth period affected the development of internal structures of the parenchyma in the boars' vesicular glands. The size of the tubules, their number within the field of vision and height of glandular epithelium lining the tubules were the highest in the group of animals fed at increased level.  相似文献   

A note on the use of inbreeding in progeny test schemes     

Toro MA 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1993,110(1-6):234-240

SUMMARY: In this note some theoretical and simulated results are presented comparing the selection response in a progeny test scheme that utilizes inbred offspring for testing, with respect to a standard progeny test. The theory indicates a substantial increase in selection response, although the advantage decreases as the number of dams mated to a sire and the number of offspring per dam increases. The advantage is at a maximum when the variation of the trait is due to segregation of recessive alleles at low frequencies unfavourable to the direction of selection. Computer simulation confirmed the advantage of the method. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Verwendung von Inzuchttieren bei der Nachkommenschaftsprüfung Hier wurden theoretische und simulierte Selektionserfolge konventioneller Nachkommenschaftsprüfung mit Prüfung von Inzuchtnachkommen verglichen. Theoretisch zeigt sich ein erheblicher Vorteil der letzteren, wenn dieser auch mit steigende Zahl von Partnern und deren Nachkommen abnimmt und nach null tendiert. Der Vorteil der Nachkommenschaftsprüfung ingezüchteter Nachkommen ist am h?chsten, wenn seltene ungünstige rezessive Gene eine Rolle spielen. Rechner-Simulation best?tigt den Vorteil dieser Vorgangsweise.  相似文献   

Alberta. Infectious laryngotracheitis in commercial broiler chickens   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Vanderkop MA 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(3):185

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Factors associated with past and potential future use of veterinarians by Ontario trout farmers          下载免费PDF全文

Thorburn MA 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):611-618

This study investigated whether certain variables were associated with Ontario trout farmers' use of the Fish Pathology Laboratory (FPL), Ontario Veterinary College, or their willingness to pay for private veterinary services. Sixty-two farmers, representing 91% of Ontario's 1990 farmed trout production, were personally interviewed. Logistic regression was used to compare the 26 farmers who had submitted fish to the FPL during the previous two years to those who had not. Submitters tended to have been fish farming for fewer years, and to produce more fish, use more workers, treat prophylactically less frequently, keep records of drug treatments, and not disinfect holding units (p<0.05). Most farmers stated they would occasionally hire a private veterinarian. Only 13 farmers anticipated hiring one more than once per year. Polychotomous regression showed that farmers who purchased, instead of hatched, their seed stock, kept records, treated therapeutically often, and used several workers would hire private veterinarians more frequently (p<0.05). Strategies are discussed by which the veterinary profession might better understand and meet the needs of the aquaculture industry.  相似文献   

Type III von Willebrand's disease in Scottish terriers: A report of two cases          下载免费PDF全文

Johnstone IB  Norris AM  Hirzer L 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(11):679-681

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A pathological and microbiological evaluation of omphalophlebitis in very young calves slaughtered in New Zealand     

Hathaway SC  Bullians JA  Johnstone AC  Biss ME  Thompson A 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1993,41(4):166-170

Omphalophlebitis, generally referred to as navel ill, is a common post-mortem meat inspection finding in very young calves slaughtered in New Zealand, and a gross pathological, histopathological and bacteriological evaluation of 147 carcasses condemned for this condition at routine post-mortem meat inspection was undertaken. Localised lesions restricted to the umbilicus alone were present in 29.9% of cases. The majority of cases included gross pathological change in the umbilical vessels and other tissue sites beyond the umbilicus. Most hepatic nodes were grossly normal but histological examination revealed that 61.5% of nodes from other than localised cases of navel ill were hyperplastic. However, there was little difference in the prevalence of hyperplastic hepatic nodes from cases of localised navel ill (21.4%) compared with normal calves (15.9%). Despite the wide range of bacteria isolated from umbilical lesions, Salmonella typhimurium recovered from the navel, liver and hepatic nodes of a single extended case of navel ill was the only isolation of known public health importance. Given the separation of cases of navel ill into different gross pathological, histopathological and microbiological categories, current meat inspection judgments whereby all calves with navel ill are condemned should be revised. In particular, routine condemnation of the carcass and viscera in all cases of localised navel ill (lesions restricted to the umbilicus alone) should be reassessed.  相似文献