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Porcine interleukin-12 fusion protein and interleukin-18 in combination induce interferon-gamma production in porcine natural killer and T cells 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A pcDNA3 vector containing a gene encoding a porcine interleukin-12 (poIL-12) fusion protein was constructed, with the p40 chain and its signal peptide positioned first, followed by a linker and the p35 domain. When expressed in COS cells, secreted poIL-12 fusion protein showed high activity in terms of ability to induce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. The IFN-gamma production induced by poIL-12 fusion protein, as well as heterodimeric poIL-12 and human IL-12, was markedly dependent on the presence of human IL-18 (huIL-18). Furthermore, huIL-18 showed a dose-dependent induction of IFN-gamma production in PBMC in the presence of a constant concentration of huIL-12. A marked synergism between poIL-12 and IL-18 was consequently observed in poPBMC. The actual IFN-gamma producing cells were identified as probable NK cells (about 30%) and T lymphocytes (about 70%), using flow cytometry. Furthermore, a histidine-tagged poIL-12 fusion protein was expressed in Drosophila melanogaster Schneider 2 cells, using a modified pMT/V5-His vector lacking the V5 epitope. Such poIL-12 fusion protein was easily purified using Ni-NTA agarose and retained high biological activity. 相似文献
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P.A. Poncet W. Pfister J. Muntwyler M.L. Glowatzki-Mullis & C. Gaillard 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2006,123(2):114-121
Franches‐Montagnes is the only native horse breed in Switzerland, therefore special efforts should be made for ensuring its survival. The objectives of this study were to characterize the structure of this population as well as genetic variability with pedigree data, conformation traits and molecular markers. Studies were focused to clarify if this population is composed of a heavy‐ and a light‐type subpopulation. Extended pedigree records of 3‐year‐old stallions (n = 68) and mares (n = 108) were available. Evaluations of body conformation traits as well as pedigree data and molecular markers did not support the two‐subpopulation hypothesis. The generation interval ranged from 7.8 to 9.3 years. The complete generation equivalent was high (>12). The number of effective ancestors varied between 18.9 and 20.1, whereof 50% of the genetic variability was attributed to seven of them. Genetic contribution of Warmblood horses ranged from 36% to 42% and that of Coldblood horses from 4% to 6%. The average inbreeding coefficient reached 6%. Inbreeding effective population size was 114.5 when the average increase of the inbreeding coefficient per year since 1910 was taken. Our results suggest that bottleneck situations occurred because of selection of a small number of sire lines. Promotion of planned matings between parents that are less related is recommended in order to avoid a reduction of the genetic diversity. 相似文献
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Interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor in synovial fluid from horses with carpal joint pathology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ley C Ekman S Elmén A Nilsson G Eloranta ML 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2007,54(7):346-351
The carpal joints are common sites of traumatic arthritis and osteoarthritis (OA) in athletic horses. The pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) may be of great importance in the development of intra-articular lesions. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible associations between synovial fluid levels of bioactive IL-6 and TNF and different types of joint lesions seen in traumatic arthritis and OA. Synovial fluid was collected from horses with carpal lameness immediately before arthroscopic surgery. Articular cartilage, synovial membranes and intra-articular ligaments were assessed macroscopically at arthroscopy. Synovial fluid levels of IL-6 and TNF were determined by bioassays, and the cytokine levels between different grades of morphologic changes in each type of assessed tissue were compared. The highest levels of IL-6 were detected in joints with chip fractures. All joints with chip fractures also showed some degree of synovitis. Tumour necrosis factor bioactivity was low and not associated with any joint lesion. Hence, TNF is not useful as a biomarker indicating a specific joint lesion in equine traumatic arthritis or OA. We conclude that a dramatic increase of IL-6 in synovial fluid indicates the presence of osteochondral fragmentation, although low or undetectable levels of IL-6 do not exclude chip fractures. The role of IL-6 in the disease process of osteochondral fragmentation needs further investigation. 相似文献
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Sinn H Glorieux B Hennet L Alatas A Hu M Alp EE Bermejo FJ Price DL Saboungi ML 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5615):2047-2049
Collective excitations have been observed in liquid aluminum oxide at high temperatures by combining a containerless sample environment with inelastic x-ray scattering. The excitation spectra show a well-defined triplet peak structure at lower wave vectors Q (1 to 6 nanometers-1) and a single quasi-elastic peak at higher Q. The high-Q spectra are well described by kinetic theory. The low-Q spectra require a frequency-dependent viscosity and provide previously unknown experimental constraints on the behavior of liquids at the interface between atomistic and continuum theory. 相似文献
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J Madetoja M-L Hänninen V Hirvelä–Koski I Dalsgaard & T Wiklund 《Journal of fish diseases》2001,24(8):469-479
Finnish isolates ( n =37) of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolated from farmed salmonids were studied using phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. The characteristics of isolates were compared with the characteristics of Swedish and Estonian F. psychrophilum isolates and the type strain, F. psychrophilum NCIMB 1947T . Multiple isolates from eight disease outbreaks were examined to determine differences between isolates from a single outbreak. The F. psychrophilum isolates represented a biochemically homogeneous group. However, some minor differences in biochemical and physiological characteristics were observed. Seven different antigenic patterns among Finnish isolates were detected and the results suggest a new serotype of F. psychrophilum . Using Cla Ι, Hae ΙΙΙ and Pvu ΙΙ restriction enzymes in ribotyping analyses 13 different genotypes were demonstrated and a possible relationship between serotype Fd and genotype F1 was determined. There were no significant differences between the isolates from Finland, Estonia, Sweden and the type strain of F. psychrophilum . 相似文献
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In order to develop management strategies in an intensive agricultural region of south-western France, we examined in a two-year experiment, the consequences of change in emergence date on the growth and development of the clonal perennial Cyperus esculentus . Germinated tubers emerged in early May, June and late July and were harvested 4, 5 or 6 months after emergence. Total shoot and tuber number per individual increased throughout the growing season, then significantly decreased in autumn. All plants produced tubers, the primary means of reproduction, including the smallest and latest emerging cohorts, but the allocation to tubers decreased with emergence date. However, emergence date had no effect on the emergence rate of the shoots, indicating that the reduction in total shoot production was not counterbalanced by an acceleration of this production when the growing season shortened. Consequently, management programs should advantageously integrate agricultural practices (i) that avoid periods without crops between April and October, (ii) that delay C. esculentus emergence and (iii) that include interventions on the newly emerged individuals. 相似文献
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M.-L. Glowatzki-Mullis J. Muntwyler E. Bäumle & C. Gaillard 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2009,126(2):164-175
There is constant pressure to improve evaluation of animal genetic resources in order to prevent their erosion. Maintaining the integrity of livestock species as well as their genetic diversity is of paramount interest for long-term agricultural policies. One major use of DNA techniques in conservation is to reveal genetic diversity within and between populations. Forty-one microsatellites were analysed to assess genetic diversity in nine Swiss sheep breeds and to measure the loss of the overall diversity when one breed would become extinct. The expected heterozygosities varied from 0.65 to 0.74 and 10.8% of the total genetic diversity can be explained by the variation among breeds. Based on the proportion of shared alleles, each of the nine breeds were clearly defined in their own cluster in the neighbour-joining tree describing the relationships among the breeds. Bayesian clustering methods assign individuals to groups based on their genetic similarity and infer the number of populations. In STRUCTURE, this approach pooled the Valais Blacknose and the Valais Red. With BAPS method the two Valais sheep breeds could be separated. Caballero & Toro approach (2002) was used to calculate the loss or gain of genetic diversity when each of the breeds would be removed from the set. The changes in diversity based on between-breed variation ranged from −12.2% (Valais Blacknose) to 0% (Swiss Black Brown Mountain and Mirror Sheep); based on within-breed diversity the removal of a breed could also produce an increase in diversity (−0.6% to + 0.6%). Allelic richness ranged from 4.9 (Valais Red) to 6.7 (Brown Headed Meat sheep and Red Engadine Sheep). Breed conservation decisions cannot be limited to genetic diversity alone. In Switzerland, conservation goals are embedded in the desire to carry the cultural legacy over to future generations. 相似文献
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Persian-related and non-Persian-related cats were examined by ultrasonography and/or molecular testing to determine the prevalence of feline polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and the presence of a PKD1 gene mutation. PCR was used to amplify exon 29 of the PKD1 gene using genomic DNA extracted from blood samples, and the PCR products were analysed by direct DNA sequencing. Among the 111 cats included in the study, 54 were examined by both ultrasonography and gene testing for a point mutation in exon 29 of the PKD1 gene. The prevalence of PKD diagnosed by ultrasonography was 25.9 per cent in all the cats and 24.2 per cent in Persian-related cats. The prevalence of the transversion mutation in exon 29 of the PKD1 gene was 13.5 per cent in all cats and 15.7 per cent in Persian-related cats. Three cats that were diagnosed with PKD by ultrasonography did not have the mutation within exon 29. Nucleotide analysis of exon 29 indicated that male cats had a higher point mutation rate than female cats. 相似文献