大豆饲料产品中主要抗营养因子含量的检测与分析     

周天骄  谯仕彦  马曦  贺平丽 《动物营养学报》2015,(1):221-229

本试验旨在应用间接竞争酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法以及色谱法测定不同加工工艺的大豆饲料产品中主要大豆抗营养因子大豆球蛋白、β-伴大豆球蛋白和胰蛋白酶抑制因子以及大豆中蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖的含量。采用ELISA试剂盒对国内257份大豆制品中大豆球蛋白、β-伴大豆球蛋白和胰蛋白酶抑制因子含量进行检测与分析;利用离子色谱建立了大豆产品中蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖的灵敏、准确的同步测定法,并对国内92份大豆制品中寡糖含量进行检测与分析。结果表明:发酵豆粕、膨化大豆、大豆浓缩蛋白和大豆分离蛋白中大豆球蛋白、β-伴大豆球蛋白和胰蛋白酶抑制因子含量相对较低;本试验所建立的离子色谱同步测定大豆中蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖的方法具有灵敏度和准确性高、重现性好的优点,适用于大豆寡糖的测定;通过对实际样品的检测和分析,发现发酵豆粕和大豆分离蛋白中3种大豆寡糖含量均相对较低。本试验所得到不同加工工艺的大豆产品中主要抗营养因子含量的相关数据将为大豆在畜禽饲料中的高效利用提供很好的技术支撑。  相似文献   

绵羊肺腺瘤病毒致瘤机制研究进展     

刘畅  敖威华  李磊  于立新  么宏强  周建华  马学恩 《动物医学进展》2015,(1):79-82

绵羊肺腺瘤(OPA)是由绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(OPAV)引起的一种慢性、传染性绵羊肺脏肿瘤性疾病,该病对养羊业,特别是种羊的发展有重大影响,世界动物卫生组织将其列为必须通报的动物疫病。论文就近年来国内外关于OPAV致瘤机制的相关研究进行了综述,包括OPAV的转录特异性和囊膜蛋白的致瘤作用和OPAV受体等。这对深入研究OPAV的致瘤机制及确定相应的防控靶点,具有重要的理论意义和潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

犬前列腺疾病概述     

安然  马业香  陈振中  姚大伟 《动物医学进展》2015,(2):111-114

犬前列腺疾病是临床常见的公犬泌尿生殖道疾病,通常发生于老龄公犬,特别是6岁以上的未去势公犬。常见的犬前列腺疾病主要有前列腺炎、良性前列腺增生、前列腺囊肿、前列腺脓肿和前列腺癌。前列腺疾病的临床表现相似,表现为排尿困难、尿淋漓、血尿、前列腺液成分改变、便秘等,因此仅从病史、临床症状方面难以对疾病进行确诊,需要借助于X光检查、B超检查、前列腺液检查、组织/细胞学检查等特殊的诊断方法。在确诊的基础上根据不同的发病原因采取抗生素治疗,去势,前列腺切除手术等治疗方法。论文对各种常见犬前列腺疾病的病因、临床表现、诊断和治疗方案进行综述。  相似文献   

代谢组学在基础兽医学中的应用     

马宁  刘希望  李剑勇  杨亚军  郭沂涛  刘光荣 《动物医学进展》2015,36(5)

代谢组学是利用高通量检测技术对生物体内所有小分子代谢产物同时进行定性和定量分析,结合数据处理和信息建模手段,通过模式识别的方法判断生物体的代谢状态。代谢组学作为系统生物学的重要组成部分,其在药物研发、疾病研究、药物毒理学等领域发挥着越来越大的作用,在基础兽医学研究领域有着巨大的应用空间和研究价值。结合代谢组学相关研究策略及在动物药物代谢、中兽药研发和动物疾病中的应用,论文主要对代谢组学的概况,发展情况和未来趋势等进行论述。  相似文献   

不同紫花苜蓿品种在河西走廊盐碱地的适应性研究     

张延林  李天银  马银生  吴大荣  刘军  吴德斌 《草原与草坪》2015,(2):32-37

通过田间试验测定不同紫花苜蓿品种的株高、分枝数、茎叶比、生物量、出苗率和越冬率,评价16个紫花苜蓿品种在河西走廊盐碱地的适应性,遴选出适宜河西走廊盐碱地种植的紫花苜蓿品种。结果表明:参试的16个紫花苜蓿品种,骑士T、SR4030和巨能的出苗率较高,甘农3号的出苗率最低;16个紫花苜蓿品种间株高差异不显著(P0.05);BR4010、WL343HQ、阿迪娜、亮苜2号和WL363HQ的分枝数显著大于标靶和金皇后的分枝数;岩石和德宝的叶茎比显著高于金皇后和骑士3的叶茎比;德宝、亮苜2号和骑士T的产量大于其他品种;亮苜2号和骑士3的越冬率显著高于甘农3号和SR4030的越冬率;阿迪娜和WL343HQ的倒伏率最小,骑士T和标靶的倒伏率最大。以株高、分枝数、茎叶比、生物量、出苗率和越冬率为变量因子,通过聚类分析将16个紫花苜蓿品种聚为6类,综合评判结果认为,亮苜2号、骑士T、德宝适宜种植于河西走廊盐碱地。  相似文献   

不同类农作物秸秆在肉羊瘤胃中的降解特性研究     

陈晓琳  孙娟  王月超  马涛  王海超  刁其玉 《中国畜牧杂志》2015,(5):45-51

本试验旨在研究不同类农作物秸秆在肉羊瘤胃中的降解规律,以3头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的杜×寒肉用绵公羊为试验动物,以青贮玉米秸为对照材料,采用半体内尼龙袋法对不同产地的6类19个秸秆样品干物质(DM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的降解率和降解参数进行测定。结果表明:秸秆DM和NDF的瘤胃降解规律相近,48 h后趋于稳定,72 h消失率和有效降解率(ED)最高的为藤蔓类的地瓜秧和花生秧,接近青贮玉米秸,玉米秸、大豆秸和稻草秸较低,小麦秸最低(P0.05);DM和NDF有效降解率与粗蛋白质(CP)、NDF和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的相关性较强(P0.01),拟合方程分别为DMD=0.9900+0.3270 CP-0.8099 NDF-0.1880 ADF(R~2=0.8860,P0.0001)、NDFD=0.5111+0.3833 CP-0.1519 NDF-0.3963 ADF(R~2=0.7585,P0.0001)。地瓜秧和花生秧在瘤胃中降解快,可作为肉羊较好的饲料来源,而玉米秸、大豆秸、稻草秸和小麦秸在瘤胃中降解效果较差。  相似文献   

15个鸡群体IL-2基因的遗传变异分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵会静  张敬敬  文杰  刘冉冉  郑麦青  李庆贺  马月辉  赵桂苹 《畜牧兽医学报》2015,(1):41-49

为了深入研究鸡IL-2基因的多态性及为鸡抗病育种提供理论依据,本研究以IL-2基因为研究对象,采用直接测序的方法对11个中国地方鸡品种、3个引进鸡品种和1个培育鸡品种共448个个体该基因的遗传变异进行了分析。通过DNA池和直接测序技术,共发现了13个突变位点。对所有个体的一段包含5个SNPs的区域进行分析,发现不同等位基因在15个鸡群体间分布存在显著差异,表明不同品种间IL-2基因具有丰富的遗传变异资源,可为抗病基因的选择提供素材;群体遗传学指标分析表明,H系京星黄鸡的遗传多样性最低,这与其品种形成过程一致,其他品种多样性差异不大;单倍型分析共发现23种单倍型,其中H1(CAACG)、H2(CAATT)、H4(TGTTG)、H9(TGTTG)、H11(TATCG)和H16(CATCG)为中国地方鸡品种特有或优势单倍型,可能与抗病能力相关。  相似文献   

Phylogenetic analysis of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from wild birds in the Poyang Lake region of China     

Shengtao FAN  Tiecheng WANG  Xiaolong GAO  Ying YING  Xue LI  Yongcheng LI  Yuanguo LI  Jinzhu MA  Heting SUN  Dong CHU  Yu XU  Songtao YANG  Qihan LI  Yuwei GAO  Xianzhu XIA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1143-1149

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes a highly contagious viral disease in poultry and wild birds, and it can cause significant economic loss worldwide. Eight viral strains were isolated by inoculating embryonated chicken eggs from the Poyang Lake region of China with swab samples. All eight of the NDV isolates were identified as class I genotype 3 strains, but they diverged notablely from class II viruses. Further analysis revealed that all eight NDV isolates were lentogenic strains containing the ¹¹²ERQER↓L¹¹⁷ motif at the F protein cleavage site. The strains were highly identical and were more species specific (chicken and waterfowl) than site specific (Nanchang and Duchang regions). The close phylogenetic proximity of these isolates indicates that viral transmission may happen between poultry and wild birds. Our study demonstrates that lentogenic class I NDVs exist in clinically healthy wild waterfowl and poultry within the Poyang Lake region. Active surveillance of these viruses to determine their evolution and origin is one of the most realistic strategies for preventing and controlling NDV outbreaks.  相似文献   

Downregulation of the expression of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan in porcine cystic follicles     

Chunqiang WANG  Chunjing LI  Hongjiao LI  Wei MA  Shuxiong CHEN  Yun ZHAO  Jiahui RAO  Xu ZHOU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1419-1425

Inhibins, as members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, downregulate the synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in an endocrine manner. The role of inhibin/betaglycan in the ovary regulation recently gained attention. To date, no data exist on the function of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan in cystic follicles. In this study, the expressions of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan in cystic follicles were investigated using immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Both inhibin α subunit and betaglycan immunoreactivities were mainly localized in the granulosa cells of follicles. Expression of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan was inferior in cystic follicles compared with that in normal large follicles. However, the result of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed no significant difference in the decreasing in concentration of inhibin α subunit in cystic follicular fluid compared with the control (P>0.05). In this study, we explored the effects of FSH on betaglycan expression in granulosa cells in vitro. As expected, a significant increase in the expressions of betaglycan mRNA and protein in granulosa cells was observed in response to exogenous FSH (30 ng/ml) (P<0.05) compared with the control. Consequently, this study provides evidence that the expressions of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan are inferior in cystic follicles, and this may be caused by the decrease in FSH in the presence of a cystic follicle.  相似文献   

Is the Production of Embryos in Small‐Scale Farming an Economically Feasible Enterprise?          下载免费PDF全文

Z Sánchez  MA Lammoglia  MA Alarcón  JJ Romero  CS Galina 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):574-579

The present assay attempts to evaluate the feasibility of using embryo transfer in small community farmers by in vivo study and by modelling the results obtained. From the total of 59 donor cows, 62.7% responded to treatment, with a significant difference (p = 0.002) in the percentage of the response between breeds, being 90.5% (19/21) in Holstein and 47.4% (18/38) in Brahman. A total of 283 embryos were graded as transferable, while 141 as non‐transferable, without difference in the percentage of transferable embryo by breed (p = 0.18). The mean of transferable embryos graded as class I and II was not different between Holstein and Brahman (p = 0.96 and p = 0.92, respectively); besides, no differences were observed in the other grades (non‐transferable). The highest difference in costs, regardless of its quality by breed, was seen in the lower levels of probable fertility of the embryo transferred, even reaching several hundred dollars. When modelling the expected costs for embryo produced and transferred, values can reach nearly $2000.00 when the probable fertility is only 10%. However, when the probable fertility was 60%, embryo cost was close to $300.00. This technology seems to be viable on average or high‐scale systems, having a superovulatory response between 60 and 80% with 4–6 transferrable embryos. Yet, in small‐scale farming, due to the reduced number of donors and/or recipients, the costs surpass the economical feasibility of the technique.  相似文献