Male pseudohermaphroditism in a toy terrier     

BRODEY RS  MARTIN JE  LEE DG 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1954,125(932):368-370

  相似文献   

Dynamics of competition between wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and winter cereals   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

R. D. COUSENS  S. E. WEAVER  T. D. MARTIN  A. M. BLAIR  J WILSON 《Weed Research》1991,31(4):203-210

This study examined the effects of competition on the growth of Avena fatua, winter wheat and winter barley. Plants were sampled at frequent intervals from replacement series experiments at two contrasting sites in the U.K. A. fatua was much slower to establish than the two cereals, but thereafter exhibited a faster rate of growth. In monoculture, it took a considerable time for A. fatua to reach a size equal to that of the cereals, but by the end of the experiments it was the largest of the three species. The change-over from cereal dominance in mixtures to A. fatua tiominance was rapid, and in three cases coincided with cereal flag leaf emergence. In the fourth case, it appeared to coincide with the art of canopy height extension. At one site the rder of competitiveness at anthesis was A. fatua= barley>wheat, and at the other site the order was A. fatua>wheat>barley. In order to explain and predict differences between years and sites, more studies are required on morphological development in relation to abiotic variables.  相似文献   

Levels of the isoxazolyl penicillins, cloxacillin and flucloxacillin, in serum and synovia of horses     

IAN C. A. MARTIN  DARIA N. LOVE  REUBEN J. ROSE 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1980,3(1):21-27

Cloxacillin and flucloxacillin were administered to horses by single intravenous dose (25, 33 or 44 mg/kg). Levels of these compounds were assayed biologically from serum and synovia of the carpal and tibio-tarsal joints at intervals up to 360 min. Serum levels of cloxacillin at 30 min were all in excess of 48 μg/ml and were equal to, or higher than, those given by the equivalent doses of flucloxacillin. Highly significant differences ( P <0.001) between doses and between sampling times (30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360 min) were detected for both compounds. Although the rates of elimination of cloxacillin and flucloxacillin from blood did not differ significantly, the early establishment of higher levels of cloxacillin in blood meant that it regularly persisted longer than flucloxacillin in both serum and synovia. The rate of elimination from serum was significantly steeper ( P <0.001) than that computed for synovia. The slower rate of loss of cloxacillin or flucloxacillin from the synovia than the blood appears to fit the model of transfer between serum and synovium proposed by Howell, Sutherland & Rolinson (1972). The persistence of cloxacillin and flucloxacillin in synovia beyond the time when effective minimum inhibitory concentrations (4 μg/ml) were present in the blood, indicates a practical advantage in equine therapeutics where septic arthritis is the major indication for use of these compounds. In these situations, cloxacillin has a further clinical advantage in persisting in synovia for a longer time than flucloxacillin.  相似文献   

Arthroscopic Anatomy of the Equine Femoropatellar Joint and Approaches for Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans     

G. S. MARTIN dvm  MS C. W. McILWRAITH BVSc  PhD  MRCVS  DiplomateACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1985,14(2):99-104

Arthroscopic approaches to the femoropatellar joint were developed to determine their usefulness for evaluation and surgical treatment of osteochondritis dissecans. It was found that the articular cartilage of the lateral trochlear ridge, medial trochlear ridge, intertrochlear groove, patella, and the lateral and medial reflections of the joint capsule could be examined from an infrapatellar arthroscopic portal. The suprapatellar pouch could be examined partially. Lateral and medial instrument portals were evaluated to determine the accessibility of the lateral and medial trochlear ridges of the femur in the areas where osteochondritis dissecans lesions frequently occur. Sliding the arthroscope sleeve beneath the patella when entering the joint was associated with iatrogenic cartilage lesions. A new technique that directed the arthroscope lateral to the lateral trochlear ridge eliminated iatrogenic cartilage damage.  相似文献   

Preliminary studies on some effects of a new thiobarbiturate in the dog     

BRODEY RS  MARTIN JE 《American journal of veterinary research》1957,18(66):158-161

  相似文献   

Comparative ecophysiology of grain sorghum and Abutilon theophrasti in monoculture and in mixture     

S TRAORÉ  J L LINDQUIST  S C MASON  A R MARTIN  & D A MORTENSEN 《Weed Research》2002,42(1):65-75

Selection of crop genotypes that are more competitive with weeds for light interception may improve crop yield stability in the presence of weeds. The effects of interference on ecophysiological characteristics of Abutilon theophrasti Medic. and three morphologically diverse grain sorghum hybrids was evaluated to determine the relative tolerance and suppressive ability of the three hybrids and specific traits that may contribute to those differences. A tall hybrid was more tolerant to A. theophrasti interference than two medium stature hybrids. Early leaf area growth of two medium-stature sorghum hybrids was reduced by A. theophrasti interference, whereas early growth of a tall hybrid was unaffected. The height of A. theophrasti was greater than two moderate-stature hybrids but lower than the tall hybrid. Greatest leaf area density (L_D) of the tall sorghum hybrid was above that of A. theophrasti , whereas greatest L_D of medium-stature hybrids was below that of the weed. In monoculture, the partitioning of new biomass to various plant organs was similar among sorghum hybrids, whereas the tall sorghum hybrid partitioned less biomass to leaves and more to stems than medium hybrids in mixture. The results indicate that the three hybrids differ in their susceptibility to A. theophrasti competition. Crop traits that may contribute to greater crop competitiveness include greater maximum height and its growth rate and greater height of maximum leaf area distribution.  相似文献   

Weed management in conservation crop production systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MARTIN A. LOCKE  KRISHNA N. REDDY  ROBERT M. ZABLOTOWICZ 《Weed Biology and Management》2002,2(3):123-132

Information on weed management in conservation crop production systems is needed as adoption of practices such as reduced tillage and cover crops becomes more widespread. This review summarizes recent research on weed management aspects in these systems. Changes in patterns of tillage, planting systems, and other management strategies can alter the soil environment and lead to shifts in weed populations. Weed patterns and populations are not always consistent and vary with locale, crop, and herbicide use. However, in many long-term conservation management studies, a general increase in perennial weeds and grass species has been observed. The development of low-dose herbicides, selective postemergence herbicides, and transgenic crops has greatly improved the flexibility of producers who use conservation systems where opportunities for tillage are limited. With a higher level of management inputs, producers can successfully implement conservation management practices.  相似文献   

Influence of aldicarb on root lesion nematodes, leaf disease and root rot in wheat and barley   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. KIMPINSKI  H. W. JOHNSTON  R. A. MARTIN 《Plant pathology》1987,36(3):333-338

The effects of aldicarb on populations of root lesion nematodes (primarily Pratylenchus penetrans ) and on grain yields of spring barley and wheat were examined in the field over 3 years, 1981*83. The incidence of barley net blotch ( Pyrenophora teres ), wheat leaf blotch ( Leptosphaeria nodorum ), and common root rot ( Cochliobolus sativus ) was also recorded in 1982 and 1983. Aldicarb treatments reduced the size of root lesion nematode populations in soil and roots in all years, except in the mid-season soil sample in 1983. The severity of leaf disease was decreased only in 1982, but the incidence of root rot was not significantly affected by the nematticide. Although aldicarb increased cereal grain yields by approximately 15% there was no significant relationship between numbers of root lesion nematodes in roots and soil and fungal disease symptoms on barley and wheat.  相似文献   

Arthroscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans in the Equine Femoropatellar Joint     

C. W. McILWRAITH BVSc  MRCVS  PhD  DiplomateACVS  G. S. MARTIN DVM  MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1985,14(2):105-116

Forty limbs with femoropatellar osteochondritis dissecans in 24 horses were treated with arthroscopic surgery. Lesions were bilateral in 16 horses and unilateral in eight horses. Diagnostic examination and surgical treatment were performed through a single arthroscopic portal; five different instrument portal locations and six instrument approaches were used. Lesions were localized to the lateral trochlear ridge of the femur in 31 affected joints, medial trochlear ridge in two joints, lateral and medial trochlear ridges together in two joints, lateral trochlear ridge plus patella in four joints, and patella alone in one joint. The lesions consisted of subchondral defects containing chondral or osteochondral flaps or fragments, or were seen as dimpling, cracking, fibrillation, or erosion of articular cartilage, or intact cartilage over a subchondral defect. Loose bodies were found in three joints. There was a poor correlation between radiologic and arthroscopic findings. Surgical manipulations included removal of flaps, fragments, and undermined articular cartilage, and debridement of the subchondral defect. Three horses were euthanized: one electively to assess the joint grossly, one because of complications following surgery and salmonellosis, and one because of unrelated forelimb abnormalities. Immediate clinical improvement after surgery was seen in the 22 horses permitted to survive. Long-term follow-up on seven of 10 racehorses revealed that two have raced successfully, two are "ready to race," three are training sound, two are sound at pasture (still in convalescence), and one has been reoperated. Of six horses used for show or pleasure, three are being shown sound, one is sound for pleasure, and two are training sound. The remaining horses are convalescing.  相似文献   

Control of bracken (Pteridium esculentum G. Forst (Cockayne)) in pasture with asulam     

R. J. MARTIN 《Weed Research》1977,17(1):49-54

Asulam was tested for the control of bracken in non-arable pasture on the North Coast of New South Wales between 1971 and 1976. Satisfactory results were obtained with applications between April and early July, providing treated fronds were mature. The degree of control varied between years and sites. Rates of 4–8 kg a.i./ha reduced frond numbers from 70 to 100% after 6 months but recovery commenced as early as 9–12 months after application. Whole plants and sections of rhizome were excavated 4, 6 and 9 months after treatment and a sequence of events is described for the effect of asulam on bracken. The effects of frond maturity, frond density and frost are discussed in relation to herbicide effectiveness and ecological implications of the results are discussed in relation to increasing productivity of bracken-infested pasture.  相似文献