Strategies to improve the nutritive value of rice bran in poultry diets. I. The addition of food enzymes to target the non-starch polysaccharide fractions in diets of chickens and ducks gave no response     

D.J. FARRELL  E. A. MARTIN 《British poultry science》1998,39(4):549-554

1. Three experiments were undertaken to test the efficacy of 2 enzymes targeting mainly the non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) in rice bran. 2. In experiment one, 400 g rice bran/kg depressed chick performance and there was a significant decline in growth rate and food intake with increasing inclusion of rice bran (0, 200, 400 g). Neither enzyme had any benefit. 3. In experiment two, rice bran (inclusion 200 and 400 g/kg), did not alter growth rate, food intake or food conversion ratio of duckling (3 to 17 d of age). Again enzyme addition gave no response. 4. In experiment three, 300 g rice bran/kg stimulated duck (19 to 35 d of age) growth while 600 g rice bran/kg depressed growth but not food intake. Enzymes gave no response. 5. Relative gut viscosity declined with increasing rice bran inclusion as did dry matter in ileal digesta. There were differences between ducklings and chickens. 6. It was concluded that NSPs were not a significant factor in altering the nutritive value of rice bran and the enzymes used were therefore unlikely to be of benefit.  相似文献   

Pneumonia associated with Mycoplasma spp in three cats     

SF FOSTER  VR BARRS  P. MARTIN  R. MALIK 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(7):460-464

Mycoplasma spp were isolated in pure culture from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from three cats with clinical, cytological and radiographic signs of bron-chopneumonia or suppurative bronchitis. Predisposing factors were not identified in the first case, the second cat had oesophageal hypomotility, while the third cat had been exposed to cigarette smoke and had advanced periodontal disease. Respiratory signs resolved promptly and completely in all cases following antimicrobial therapy directed against mycoplasmas. Mycoplasma spp are possible causes of lower respiratory tract disease in cats and this should be considered when selecting empirical therapy for feline airway disease and pneumonia. In some situations mycoplasmas may behave as primary lower respiratory tract pathogens in cats.  相似文献   

Subcutaneous granuloma caused by Mycobacterium avium complex infection in a cat     

R. MALIK  L. GABOR  P. MARTIN  DH MITCHELL  DJ DAWSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(9):604-607

A localised subcutaneous swelling developed on the nasal bridge of a cat receiving chemotherapy for alimentary tract lymphosarcoma. Cytological and histological examination of representative samples of the lesion demonstrated pyogranulomatous inflammation and abundant acid-fast bacilli. A Mycobacterium sp was cultured from tissue excised from the lesion. Extensive testing at three reference laboratories indicated the strain was a member of the Mycobacterium avium complex. The infection was treated successfully by cytoreductive surgery and a 6 weeks course of orally administered clofazimine.  相似文献   

Pathology of skin diseases in crocodiles   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

GN BUENVIAJE  PW LADDS  Y. MARTIN 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(5):357-363

Objective To establish which skin diseases occur in crocodiles, particularly those on farms, to indicate the relative frequency of each particular disease and to provide information on pathogenesis, especially in regard to lesions with two or more pathogens present.
Design A gross and microscopic retrospective (period of 1989 to 1995) and current (1996 to 1997) examination of skin lesions in crocodiles in Queensland and the Northern Territory.
Result Skin lesions were obtained from crocodiles on nine farms, from a group of experimental animals and from one adult found dead in the wild. A total of 203 lesions from 180, mostly young, crocodiles was examined; 119 lesions were from retrospectively examined cases and 84 were recent. The relative frequencies of four presumed primary pathogens in lesions were Dermatophilus s p 28.1 %, fungi 14.8%, poxvirus 3.4% and probable Mycobacterium s p 2.5%. In addition, other bacteria of unknown significance were present in many lesions, and there was one case of presumed Paratrichosoma crocodilus infection. In 32.5% of lesions, multiple pathogens were identified.
Conclusion Dermatophilosis is the most common and probably the most important skin disease of crocodiles in Australia, but it is frequently complicated by concurrent infection with fungi or other microorganisms.  相似文献   

Incidence of soil-borne plant pathogens isolated from barley and winter wheat, and other crops in the rotation, on Prince Edward Island     

M. J. CELETTI  H. W. JOHNSTON  J. KIMPINSKI  H. W. PLATT  R. A. MARTIN 《Plant pathology》1990,39(4):606-611

Barley and winter wheat were sampled over 3 years to characterize soil-borne organisms involved with cereal crown and root disease complexes. Winter wheat crowns were infected more often by Fusarium avenaceum and F. sambucinum than barley crowns. Bipolaris sorokiniana and F. graminearum were more common in crown tissue of barley underseeded with clover than in winter wheat crowns. In roots, the incidence of F. avenaceum was highest in winter wheat. In soil, populations of Rhizoctonia solani and F. sambucinum were higher in winter wheat than barley underseeded with ryegrass. Stunt nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus spp.) were greatest in winter wheat and barley underseeded with ryegrass. The incidence of F. avenaceum in roots of winter wheat correlated positively with the severity of crown and root rot symptoms. The severity of barley crown and root rot correlated positively with the incidence of R. solani in crowns, F. avenaceum in crowns and roots, B. sorokiniana in roots, and numbers of stunt nematodes in the soil. The incidence of soil-borne organisms was also recorded in annual ryegrass. soybean, potato, pea, and clover which were grown in rotation with barley and winter wheat. The incidence of R. solani and F. avenaceum was highest in clover crown tissue, and F. sambucinum was prevalent in soybean hypocotyls. Soil population levels of R. solani, F. avenaceum , and stunt nematodes were greatest in ryegrass and pea soil just prior to ploughing down or harvesting these crops, respectively.  相似文献   

WS11Comprehensive investigation of the transcriptome     

T. PINEAU  F. LASSERRE  A. EVEILLARD  L. MSELLI-LAKHAL  & P. G. P. MARTIN 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2006,29(S1):36-37

  相似文献   

Space of Flows,Uneven Regional Development,and the Geography of Financial Services in Ireland     

MARTIN SOKOL 《Growth and change》2007,38(2):224-259

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the geography of finance in the globalising knowledge‐based economy, characterised by the proliferation of information and communication technology. More specifically, the paper aims to examine the “locational structure” of financial services in such an economy and its implications for uneven regional development in Europe. In doing so, the paper engages with the concept of “space of flows” and several other theoretical approaches concerned with the geography of advanced producer services and finance. It argues that while such approaches provide a useful starting point, they need be developed further in order to inform an understanding of both the nature and the dynamics of the “locational structure” of financial services and its implications for regional economic development. This point is illustrated in the case of Ireland, focusing on “domestic” banking institutions and “international” financial services operating there. The paper concludes that while “space of flows” provides a useful metaphor for approaching the geography of financial services and other knowledge intensive business services, the conceptual and analytical emphasis should shift towards the “flows of value” that ultimately impinge upon the fortunes of cities and regions.  相似文献   

Innovation Ideas and Regional Characteristics: Product Innovations and Export Entrepreneurship by Firms in Swedish Regions     

MARTIN ANDERSSON  BÖRJE JOHANSSON 《Growth and change》2008,39(2):193-224

ABSTRACT This paper focuses upon the ways in which characteristics of regions in regards to knowledge sources, communication opportunities, and absorptive capacity influence the development of innovation ideas among existing and potential entrepreneurs. We formulate a model where entrepreneurs or innovating firms introduce new products in a quasi‐temporal setting. Market conditions are characterised by monopolistic competition between varieties belonging to the same product group, in which there is entry and exit of varieties. A stochastic process is assumed to generate new innovation ideas as time goes by, and a firm (entrepreneur) who receives such an idea has to transform the idea to an innovation, which in the model is specified as a particular variety combined with a specific destination market. The theoretical model is used as a reference when formulating two regression models, with which we estimate how a set of regional characteristics are associated with the likelihood of innovation ideas across Swedish local labour market regions. In one model, we examine the emergence of new export varieties, and in the second model, we investigate the appearance of new export firms. Results are consistent with the assumption that knowledge and information flows have a positive influence on the frequency of arrival of innovation ideas to firms.  相似文献   

Practical aspects of equine parasite control: A review based upon a workshop discussion consensus     

M. K. NIELSEN  B. FRITZEN  J. L. DUNCAN  J. GUILLOT  M. EYSKER  P. DORCHIES  C. LAUGIER  F. BEUGNET  A. MEANA  I. LUSSOT‐KERVERN  G. Von SAMSON‐HIMMELSTJERNA 《Equine veterinary journal》2010,42(5):460-468

Development of resistance of several important equine parasites to most of the available anthelmintic drug classes has led to a reconsideration of parasite control strategies in many equine establishments. Routine prophylactic treatments based on simple calendar‐based schemes are no longer reliable and veterinary equine clinicians are increasingly seeking advice and guidance on more sustainable approaches to equine parasite control. Most techniques for the detection of equine helminth parasites are based on faecal analysis and very few tests have been developed as diagnostic tests for resistance. Recently, some molecular and in vitro based diagnostic assays have been developed and have shown promise, but none of these are currently available for veterinary practice. Presently, the only reliable method for the detection of anthelmintic resistance is a simple faecal egg count reduction test, and clinicians are urged to perform such tests on a regular basis. The key to managing anthelmintic resistance is maintaining parasite refugia and this concept is discussed in relation to treatment strategies, drug rotations and pasture management. It is concluded that treatment strategies need to change and more reliance should now be placed on surveillance of parasite burdens and regular drug efficacy tests are also recommended to ensure continuing drug efficacy. The present review is based upon discussions held at an equine parasite workshop arranged by the French Equine Veterinary Association (Association Vétérinaire Equine Française, AVEF) in Reims, France, in October 2008.  相似文献   

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—HEMORRHAGIC MENINGIOMA     

PAULA MARTIN‐VAQUERO  RONALDO C. DA COSTA  FAMKE AEFFNER  MICHAEL J. OGLESBEE  RITA L. ECHANDI 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(2):165-167

An 8‐year‐old Labrador Retriever developed acute central vestibular signs. An extra‐axial mass was detected on MR images ventral to the brainstem. The mass was both T1‐ and T2‐hypointense; there was also thin‐rimmed patchy contrast enhancement. These findings were nonspecific, but the extreme T2‐hypointensity was notable and suggested a hemorrhagic mass. The histologic diagnosis was anaplastic meningioma with acute hemorrhage. These findings document an unusual appearance of a meningioma in MR images due to intratumoral hemorrhage.  相似文献