What is your diagnosis? Swelling of the left antebrachium and carpus in a horse          下载免费PDF全文

Francesco Cian  Jennifer Stewart  Gaynor J. Minshall  Ian M. Wright 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2015,44(4):609-610

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Extensive umbilical herniation of the large colon in a foal     

C. J. Bodaan  L. Panizzi  A. J. Stewart  E. Cypher  L. Whitfield  C. B. Riley 《Equine Veterinary Education》2014,26(7):341-344

A 5‐month‐old Warmblood cross colt was presented with focal swelling of the ventral abdomen extending from the umbilicus to the scrotum in the absence of colic signs. Palpation and ultrasound examination revealed the presence of incarcerated large intestine within the subcutaneous space adjacent to the caudal ventral abdomen and prepuce. Surgery was performed and revealed that the umbilical hernia sac had ruptured, and confirmed that the left dorsal and ventral colon were present in the subcutaneous space. The mild degree of vascular compromise of the large colon did not necessitate resection and so it was replaced within the abdomen. The abdominal wall defect was closed and the subcutaneous dead space was reduced by using a walking suture pattern. Herniation of the large colon through the umbilicus with dissection through the subcutaneous tissues of the ventral abdominal wall and prepuce has not been previously reported in foals. Ultrasonography permits differentiation of herniated small intestine from large intestine.  相似文献   

An empirical bio-economic stocking model for floodplain beels in Bangladesh     

Ashley Stewart Halls  Golam Mustafa  & Malcolm Dickson 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(9):947-952

While stocking floodplain depressions or beels with fingerlings is a common form of fisheries management in Bangladesh, bio‐economic guidance for improving the outcome of stocking strategies is sparse. The Community‐Based Fisheries Management (CBFM) Project, funded by the Ford Foundation and the UK Government's Department for International Development (DfID) promoted stocking practices in beels throughout the country as a means to improve fisher livelihoods. This paper describes an empirical bio‐economic model developed using data generated under the CBFM project. The model offers guidance on selecting stocking densities depending upon the available size (length) of fingerlings to maximize profit and return on investment while minimizing risk. Because large fingerlings are relatively inexpensive and have lower rates of natural mortality, the model predicts that it is more profitable to stock large fingerlings at low densities than small fingerlings at high densities. These general recommendations were found to be largely insensitive to the market price for harvested fish. To minimize credit burden and financial risk, minimum stocking densities should be selected according to the length of fish available that maximizes profit. Because of its empirical nature, the model recommendations may not be applicable beyond the project sites. Furthermore, it is recommended that attempts be made to field test the model predictions before widespread adoption or promotion.  相似文献   

The Effects of a Land Drainage Scheme on the Salmonid Populations of the River Camowen, Co. Tyrone   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. J. A. Kennedy  D. Cragg-Hine  C. D. Strange  D. A. Stewart 《Aquaculture Research》1983,14(1):1-16

Annual electro fishing surveys were carried out over an 11-year period at five sites on an upland river, which was subject to dredging operations in connection with a land drainage scheme. Four of the sites were dredged 3 years after the start of the survey and one control site remained undredged throughout. The results indicated that dredging operations initially reduced Salmonid densities and that there was subsequently a progressive downstream recovery, with fry densities taking up to 6 years to improve at the most downstream site. Yearling and older fish recovered to pre-drainage scheme levels more rapidly than fry. Changes in population structure were also observed at three of the dredged sites. Two sites were considerably deepened and finally contained larger numbers of older fish than prior to the drainage scheme. The opposite effect was found to have taken place at a site, which became shallower as a result of drainage works, and contained larger numbers of fry at the end of the survey. Increased fish growth rates were also observed at all sites over the experimental period, and this may have been correlated with enrichment of the river system by leaching from increased fertilizer usage within the catchments.  相似文献   

Book review     

J. Stewart Macfarlane 《Tropical animal health and production》1997,29(1):62-62

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Coccidia of the llama, Lama glama, in Colorado and Wyoming.     

C F Schrey  T A Abbott  V A Stewart  W C Marquardt 《Veterinary parasitology》1991,40(1-2):21-28

Fecal samples were collected from 144 llamas, Lama glama, on four premises in northern Colorado and southern Wyoming. Feces were examined for the presence of coccidial oocysts; Eimeria alpacae was found in 55.6%, Eimeria lamae in 67.3% and Eimeria macusaniensis in 1.4% of the samples. An adult female llama was found to be infected with Eimeria macusaniensis at necropsy. This is the first report of these species of coccidia in the llama.  相似文献   

Systemic and secretory antibody responses to sequential bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in vaccinated and nonvaccinated calves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R S Stewart  L J Gershwin 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(10):1596-1602

To investigate the influence of humoral immunity on the severity of disease caused by infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), an experimentally induced infection study was performed on vaccinated and nonvaccinated calves. Fifteen weanling calves were allotted to 3 groups: 1 group of 6 calves was exposed to 2 live virus aerosols, 35 days apart; another group of 6 calves was vaccinated prior to the same aerosol exposures; and the remaining 3 calves served as controls. Clinical signs of infection were converted to a numerical score for evaluating disease severity. For 14 days after each virus exposure, BRSV-specific IgG and IgM concentrations in serum and BRSV-specific IgA concentration in nasopharyngeal exudate and lung lavage fluid were measured by ELISA. Serum BRSV-specific IgG and IgM and secretory BRSV-specific IgA concentrations did not correlate with disease sign expression. There was a strong correlation between viral isolation and disease scores. Vaccination prior to virus exposure appeared to have little or no effect on severity of the disease, but it did appear to affect disease persistence. Findings indicate that the immunoglobulins evaluated may be primarily protective in nature and do not contribute to disease severity.  相似文献   

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detecting antibody to Rickettsia australis in sera of various animal species     

Z H Huang  S Graves  L Stewart  J Banks  B Dwyer 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1990,13(3):119-125

New endemic areas of spotted fever-like rickettsial disease have been found in south-eastern Australia (Gippsland, Victoria and Flinders Island, Tasmania). The rickettsia responsible is currently unknown although it may be Rickettsia australis. To investigate serological evidence of rickettsial exposure in various wild animal species, a competitive ELISA was developed which detected antibodies to R. australis. It was based on inhibition of an indirect ELISA detecting antibody to R. australis in guinea pig sera. Pre- and post-infection sera from 2 dogs, 2 rabbits, 5 mice and 6 rats, experimentally infected with R. australis, were tested by competitive ELISA. The results showed that all pre-infection sera were negative and all post-infection sera positive for antibody to R. australis. To test the utility of the competitive ELISA for detecting natural rickettsial infection in non-laboratory animals, 51 dog sera, negative for rickettsial antibody by immunofluorescence (IF) and 20 IF positive dog sera (collected from various locations on the east coast of Australia) were tested. Compared to the IF test the competitive ELISA was 90% sensitive and 96% specific. This new test has potential for detecting antibody to R. australis in the sera of different wild animal species.  相似文献   

Effect of fibroblast growth factor-2 on equine mesenchymal stem cell monolayer expansion and chondrogenesis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Stewart AA  Byron CR  Pondenis H  Stewart MC 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(9):941-945

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Effect of crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris) hay harvest interval on forage quality and performance of growing calves fed mixed diets     

Beck PA  Hutchison S  Stewart CB  Shockey JD  Gunter SA 《Journal of animal science》2007,85(2):527-535

Twelve 0.81-ha crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris [Retz.] Koel.) hay fields were harvested at 21, 35, and 49 d of regrowth (average phonological growth stage of 30, 51, and 56, respectively). Increased harvest interval exhibited a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in CP (14.1, 13.7, and 10.6% of DM, respectively) and increase (P < 0.01) in NDF (65.3, 70.6, and 70.2% of DM, respectively) and ADF (35.7, 38.9, and 42.7% of DM, respectively). Hays were incorporated into 3 diets that contained 20% (DM basis) crabgrass hay, ground corn (33%), and soybean hulls (32%). Diets contained 14.4, 14.4, and 13.6% CP; 1.83, 1.72, and 1.81 Mcal of NE(m)/kg; and 1.21, 1.10, and 1.17 Mcal of NE(g)/kg; respectively. Diets were fed to beef calves in 12 pens at a rate of 2.3% (DM basis) of BW in 1 experiment (n = 120, initial BW 210 +/- 4.4 kg) and ad libitum in another experiment (n = 60, initial BW 207 +/- 4.4 kg). To measure passage rate of the hay and concentrate portions of the diets, 12 heifer calves (BW = 145 +/- 4.5 kg) were individually fed at 2.3% of BW for 14 d and dosed with Dy-labeled soybean hulls and Yb-labeled hay. In situ DM digestibility of the hays and diets were determined using 3 ruminally cannulated steers (BW = 584 +/- 10.4 kg). Harvest interval did not affect (P > or = 0.11) ADG of limit-fed calves during the diet acclimation or growing phases (average 0.32 and 0.80 kg, respectively) or ADG of calves fed ad libitum (average 1.21 kg). Dry matter intake of calves fed ad libitum averaged 7.9 kg/d (3.28% of BW) and was not affected (P > or = 0.22) by harvest interval. Gain:feed was not affected (P > or = 0.20) by harvest interval (0.13 and 0.15 for limit-fed and ad libitum-fed calves, respectively). Increased harvest interval linearly increased (P < 0.01) ruminal retention time of the hay and tended (P = 0.06) to linearly increase ruminal retention time of the concentrate portions of the diet. Harvest interval linearly decreased (P < or = 0.05) the extent of degradability and effective degradability of DM and NDF of hays, but DM disappearance of the total diet did not differ (P > or = 0.35). In the conditions of this study, increasing harvest interval of crabgrass hay from 21 to 49 d had no deleterious impact on animal performance or efficiency of gain when fed to growing calves in a high-concentrate mixture.  相似文献