Genetic diversity,population structure,and correlations between locally adapted zebu and taurine breeds in Brazil using SNP markers     

Bárbara Machado Campos  Adriana Santana do Carmo  Andrea Alves do Egito  Arthur Silva da Mariante  Maria Socorro Muaés do Albuquerque  João José Simoni de Gouveia  Carlos Henrique Mendes Malhado  Lucas Lima Verardo  Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa da Silva  Paulo Luiz Souza Carneiro 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(8):1677-1684

Genetic diversity is one of the most important issues in studies on conservation of cattle breeds and endangered species. The objective of this study was to estimate the levels of genetic differentiation between locally adapted taurine (Bos taurus taurus) and zebu (Bos taurus indicus) breeds in Brazil, which were genotyped for more than 777,000 SNPs. The fixation index (F _ST), principal component analysis (PCA), and Bayesian clustering were estimated. The F _ST highlighted genetic differentiation between taurine and zebu breeds. The taurine lines, Caracu and Caracu Caldeano, had significant genetic differentiation (F _ST close to 5%) despite their recent selection for different uses (meat and milk). This genetic variability can be used for conservation of locally adapted animals, as well as for breeding programs on zebu breeds. Introgression of zebu in locally adapted breeds was identified, especially in Curraleiro Pé-Duro breed. The Gyr breed, however, had low breed purity at genomic level due to its very heterogeneous mixing pattern.  相似文献   

Detection and genetic characterization of Pasteurella multocida from alpaca (Vicugna pacos) pneumonia cases     

Rímac  Rocío  Luna  Luis  Hurtado  Raquel  Rosadio  Raúl  Maturrano  Lenin 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(6):1325-1328

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Pasteurella multocida is a common constituent of upper respiratory tract microbiota but is frequently isolated of alpaca lung tissues from pulmonary...  相似文献   

Intravenous administration of a polyionic solution containing 84 mEq/l of lactate resolves experimentally induced hyperchloraemic acidosis in horses          下载免费PDF全文

F. T. N. M. A. Romão  P. F. V. Pereira  K. K. M. C. Flaiban  A. C. O. Dearo  T. M. Fernandes  J. A. N. Lisbôa 《Equine veterinary journal》2017,49(1):87-93

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JAK1/2 Inhibitors AZD1480 and CYT387 Inhibit Canine B‐Cell Lymphoma Growth by Increasing Apoptosis and Disrupting Cell Proliferation          下载免费PDF全文

A.L.F.V. Assumpção  N. Bollig  G. Kong  X. Pan 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2017,31(6):1804-1815

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Effect of mitochondrial uncoupling and glycolysis inhibition on ram sperm functionality          下载免费PDF全文

JDA Losano  DSR Angrimani  A Dalmazzo  BR Rui  MM Brito  CM Mendes  GKV Kawai  CI Vannucchi  MEOA Assumpção  VH Barnabe  M Nichi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(2):289-297

Studies have demonstrated the importance of mitochondria to sperm functionality, as the main source of ATP for cellular homoeostasis and motility. However, the role of mitochondria on sperm metabolism is still controversial. Studies indicate that, for some species, glycolysis may be the main mechanism for sperm energy production. For ram sperm, such pathway is not clear. Thus, we evaluated ram sperm in response to mitochondrial uncoupling and glycolysis inhibition aiming to assess the importance of each pathway for sperm functionality. Statistical analysis was performed by the SAS System for Windows, using the General Linear Model Procedure. Data were tested for residue normality and variance homogeneity. A p < .05 was considered significant. Groups treated with the mitochondrial uncoupler Carbonyl cyanide 3 chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) showed a decrease in the percentage of cells with low mitochondrial activity and high mitochondrial membrane potential. We also observed that the highest CCCP concentration promotes a decrease in sperm susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. Regardless the lack of effect of CCCP on total motility, this substance induced significant alterations on sperm kinetics. Besides the interference of CCCP on spermatic movement patterns, it was also possible to observe such an effect in samples treated with the inhibitor of glycolysis (2‐deoxy‐d ‐glucose, DOG). Furthermore, treatment with DOG also led to a dose‐dependent increase in sperm susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. Based on our results, we suggest that the glycolysis appears to be as important as oxidative phosphorylation for ovine sperm kinetics as this mechanism is capable of maintaining full motility when most of the cells have a low mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, we found that changes in the glycolytic pathway trough glycolysis inhibition are likely involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and sperm oxidative unbalance.  相似文献   

Serum testosterone,sperm quality,cytological, physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of the prostatic fraction of dogs with prostatomegaly          下载免费PDF全文

A Aquino‐Cortez  BQ Pinheiro  HVR Silva  DBC Lima  TFP Silva  MB Souza  DA Viana  FAF Xavier Júnior  JSAM Evangelista  FZ Brandão  LDM Silva 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(6):998-1003

Prostatomegaly is a common finding in older non‐neutered dogs. This study compared the serum testosterone, sperm quality and characteristics of the prostatic fraction between healthy dogs and dogs with prostatomegaly. Blood samples of ten dogs (five dogs from each group) were taken for serum testosterone measurement. Sperm motility, vigour, concentration, viability, membrane functionality and morphology were analysed in sperm‐rich fraction. Osmolality, pH, cell types, and albumin, haemoglobin, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and chloride were analysed in prostatic fraction. Dogs with prostatomegaly have the lowest sperm motility, vigour, concentration and functional membrane. Dogs with prostatomegaly have the highest glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Glucose was the only constituent positively correlated with serum testosterone and prostate volume. It can be concluded that dogs with prostatomegaly have poorer sperm quality, and glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol in prostatic fraction can be used as prostatomegaly biomarkers.  相似文献   

Influenza A Virus Surveillance in the Invasive American Mink (Neovison vison) from Freshwater Ecosystems,Northern Spain          下载免费PDF全文

H. Gholipour  N. Busquets  X. Fernández‐Aguilar  A. Sánchez  M. P. Ribas  G. De Pedro  P. Lizarraga  O. Alarcia‐Alejos  C. Temiño  O. Cabezón 《Zoonoses and public health》2017,64(5):363-369

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are negative‐sense, single‐stranded and segmented RNA viruses of the Orthomyxoviridae family that may cause acute respiratory disease in a wide range of birds and mammals. Susceptibility of several species within the family Mustelidae to IAVs has been reported as a result of natural or experimental infections. The objectives of this study were to assess whether free‐ranging American mink populations from Northern Spain were infected with IAV and try to define the role of this species in the epidemiology of IAV. Sera from 689 American mink from Northern Spain captured between 2011 and 2014 were tested for the presence of antibodies against IAVs using a commercial competition cELISA. Positive sera were further analysed with haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. Fifteen of the 689 (2.2%, 1.3–3.6 CI_95%) of the American minks analysed were ELISA positive. No significant differences were observed between years of capture, provinces, river basins, sexes or ages of the animals. All seropositive sera resulted negative to the panel strains used in the HI assay, showing that the most relevant strains circulating in swine, the most relevant avian subtypes (H5 and H7) and the H10N4 subtype isolated in minks have not been circulating in this free‐ranging exotic carnivore from Spain. In the light of these results, the free‐range American mink from Northern Spain do not seem to have an important role in the epidemiology of IAVs.  相似文献   

Pinewood nematode population growth in relation to pine phloem chemical composition          下载免费PDF全文

C. S. Pimentel  P. N. Firmino  T. Calvão  M. P. Ayres  I. Miranda  H. Pereira 《Plant pathology》2017,66(5):856-864

The pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, native to North America (NA), is now a major invasive pine pest in Eurasia. Pine species differ greatly in their susceptibility to B. xylophilus, and differences in susceptibility might be related to differences in phytochemistry. This study addressed two major questions: (i) which plant chemical profiles (including compounds that act as plant defences and those important for nutrition) favour pinewood nematode development; and (ii) are NA and Portuguese pinewood nematodes different in their capacity to subsist on plant tissues? For this, B. xylophilus isolates from NA and Portugal were tested on pine phloem and xylem of different pine species. It was found that unaltered pine phloem can sustain the population growth of B. xylophilus, but only in a few cases, and this was clearly related to distinct chemical profiles in some pine species. No evidence was found of evolutionary divergence between B. xylophilus populations in Portugal and NA. The pine species with phloem on which pinewood nematodes could grow tended to have low levels of total phenols, condensed tannins, flavonoids and lignin. Evidence was also found that nutrients such as N may be important.  相似文献   

Honeybees can spread Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides among citrus plants          下载免费PDF全文

M. C. G. Gasparoto  S. A. Lourenço  F. A. O. Tanaka  M. B. Spósito  L. C. Marchini  G. J. Silva Junior  L. Amorim 《Plant pathology》2017,66(5):777-782

Postbloom fruit drop (PFD) is an important citrus disease that causes up to 100% yield losses during years in which conditions are favourable for the occurrence of epidemics. The conidia of Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides, causal agents of PFD, are predominantly dispersed by rain splash. At the beginning of epidemics, the distribution of diseased plants is random and the disease progress rate is very high, which is unusual for pathogens spread by rain splash. As the pathogen produces abundant conidia on diseased petals, pollinating insects may contribute to disease dispersal. This study investigated honeybees (Apis mellifera) as dispersal agents of C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides among citrus plants. Two experiments were carried out in a screenhouse in which citrus plants were protected (or not) in insect‐proof cages. The source of inoculum was placed on one side of the screenhouse, and a honeybee hive was placed on the opposite side. All uncaged plants showed symptoms of the disease, and none of the caged plants exhibited PFD symptoms. The monomolecular model showed a good fit to disease progress in both experiments. Conidium‐like structures of Colletotrichum spp. were identified attached to the bodies of the honeybees by scanning electron microscopy. These results have revealed that honeybees disperse Colletotrichum among citrus plants.  相似文献   

Feasible sampling plan for Bemisia tabaci control decision‐making in watermelon fields          下载免费PDF全文

Carlos HO Lima  Renato A Sarmento  Poliana S Pereira  Tarcísio VS Galdino  Fábio A Santos  Joedna Silva  Marcelo C Picanço 《Pest management science》2017,73(11):2345-2352

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