Possible nutritional implications of varietal influence on the 7S/11S seed globulin ratios in Amaranth   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Marcone MF 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1999,54(4):375-380

7S/11S seed globulin ratios were determined for sevencurrently available Amaranthus hybrid linesi.e., Amaranthus K266, K283, K343, K432, K433,K436 and MT-3. Of the seven Amaranthus linesinvestigated, four lines had 7S/11S globulin ratiosranging from 0.47 to 0.81, while three lines werefound to contain exclusively the 11S globulin form. In general, 7S globulins contained lower levels ofessential amino acids such as tryptophan, methionine,lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, valine andisoleucine than the 11S globulins.  相似文献   

A case of interstitial pneumonia associated with Pneumocystis carinii in a foal     

Perron Lepage MF  Gerber V  Suter MM 《Veterinary pathology》1999,36(6):621-624

Subacute interstitial pneumonia with diffuse alveolar damage, marked macrophage infiltration, and intracellular Pneumocystis carinii cysts is described in a 3-month-old Swiss warmblood foal. Clinically, the disease was characterized by sudden onset of respiratory distress with fatal outcome. Based on serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM values, no humoral immunosuppression was detected. Spleen, thymus, and bronchial lymph nodes did not reveal lymphoid depletion, as assessed by immunohistochemical staining of CD-3-positive cells. Immunopathogenesis of pulmonary infections with intracellular agents in foals is discussed.  相似文献   

Effects of ovulation rate and fetal number on fertility in twin-producing cattle     

Echternkamp SE  Cushman RA  Allan MF  Thallman RM  Gregory KE 《Journal of animal science》2007,85(12):3228-3238

Effects of ovulation rate and of fetal number and distribution within the uterus on pregnancy rate and fetal survival were evaluated in nulliparous (n = 1,331) and parous (n = 3,517) cattle selected for twinning. Cattle were divided into a spring (70 d) and fall (60 d) breeding season and bred by a combination of AI and natural service. Ovulation rate, pregnancy status, and fetal number and distribution were determined by transrectal, real-time ultrasonography of the uterus and both ovaries at the end of the breeding season. Pregnancy was reconfirmed by rectal palpation at 75 to 135 d of gestation. For heifers and cows combined, ovulation rate increased (P < 0.01) from 1.46 +/- 0.4 in 1994 to 1.89 +/- 0.4 in 2004; number of calves per parturition increased (P < 0.01) from 1.34 +/- 0.3 to 1.56 +/- 0.3, respectively, which included an increase in triplet and quadruplet ovulations and triplet births. Bilateral twin ovulations yielded proportionately more (P < 0.01) twin births than unilateral twin ovulations. Ovulation rate was greater (P < 0.01) in the fall than spring breeding season. Pregnancy rate at ultrasound diagnosis did not differ among females with 1, 2, or 3 ovulations (89.1 +/- 0.7, 91.2 +/- 0.7, or 91.5 +/- 2.8%, respectively), but rates at calving decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing ovulation rate (85.1 +/- 0.6, 82.7 +/- 0.6, or 64.2 +/- 2.7%, respectively). Pregnancy rate was less (P < 0.01) after twin or triplet births than single births. For dams birthing twins or triplets, pregnancy rate was less in the fall vs. spring, but rates were similar between seasons for dams with a single birth (type of birth x season, P < 0.05). Cows 60 d, regardless of type of birth. Maintenance of pregnancy to term differed (P < 0.01) among females diagnosed with 1, 2, or 3 fetuses (95.7 +/- 0.6, 87.8 +/- 0.8, and 54.9 +/- 2.3%, respectively). The reduced survival of twin and triplet fetuses in heifers had occurred (P < 0.01) by d 75 to 135 of gestation, and fetal losses were greater (P < 0.01) for unilateral than bilateral twins or triplets, whereas loss of twin or triplet fetuses in cows occurred later in gestation, and losses were not affected by uterine location. Thus, increased calf production from selecting for increased ovulation rate in beef cattle is tempered by increased fetal mortality, partially associated with the crowding of 2 or 3 fetuses within 1 uterine horn, especially in heifers.  相似文献   

Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in SPP1 with growth traits and twinning in a cattle population selected for twinning rate     

Allan MF  Thallman RM  Cushman RA  Echternkamp SE  White SN  Kuehn LA  Casas E  Smith TP 《Journal of animal science》2007,85(2):341-347

Continued validation of genetic markers for economically important traits is crucial to establishing marker-assisted selection as a tool in the cattle industry. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association of a SNP (T(9)/T(10)) in the osteopontin gene (SPP1) with growth rate in a large cattle population spanning multiple generations and representing alleles from 12 founding breeds. This population has been maintained at the US Meat Animal Research Center since 1981 and subjected to selection for twinning rate. Phenotypic records for this population included twinning rate and ovulation rate, providing an opportunity to examine the potential effects of SPP1 genotype on reproductive traits. A set of 2,701 animals was geno-typed for the T(9)/T(10) polymorphism at SPP1. The geno-typic data, including previously genotyped markers on chromosome 6 (BTA6), were used in conjunction with pedigree information to estimate genotypic probabilities for all 14,714 animals with phenotypic records. The genotypic probabilities for females were used to calculate independent variables for regressions of additive, dominance, and imprinting effects. Genotypic regressions were fit as fixed effects in a mixed model analysis, in which each trait was analyzed in a 2-trait model where single births were treated as a separate trait from twin births. The association of the SPP1 marker with birth weight (P < 0.006), weaning weight (P < 0.007), and yearling weight (P < 0.003) was consistent with the previously reported effects of SPP1 genotype on yearling weight. Our data supports the conclusion that the SNP successfully tracks functional alleles affecting growth in cattle. The previously undetected effect of the SNP on birth and weaning weight suggests this particular SPP1 marker may explain a portion of the phenotypic variance explained by QTL for birth and HCW on BTA6.  相似文献   

Some factors affecting the accuracy and variability of measurements of the height of ponies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lamas LP  Giovagnoli G  Heath MF  Jeffcott LB 《The Veterinary record》2007,160(20):691-694

Height is the only factor used to differentiate horses and ponies for competitive purposes; any horse without shoes that is less than 148 cm at the highest point of the withers can be classified as a pony. However, variations in height associated with anatomical and other factors can occur. In this study the accuracy of the most commonly used measuring procedure and seven independent factors that might affect apparent height were evaluated in skeletally mature horses that were less than 155 cm in height. The results indicated that there was an improvement of 57 per cent in the accuracy of measurement when a second spirit level was added to the traditional measuring stick. The spread of values recorded for a series of repeated measurements by one person was +/-1.06 cm, but the spread increased to +/-1.89 cm when three different people made the measurements. Some variation in height occurred when the position of the pony's head was changed, but none occurred after a period of exercise. There was a reduction in height of 0.84 cm when the animals were allowed to adapt to their surroundings, and there was some reduction after they had been tranquillised.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration to domestic cats   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Albarellos GA  Kreil VE  Landoni MF 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2007,30(4):345-352

The pharmacokinetic properties of ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin, were investigated in five cats after single intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration at a dosage of 25 mg/kg. Ceftriaxone MICs for some gram-negative and positive strains isolated from clinical cases were determined. Efficacy predictor (t > MIC) was calculated. Serum ceftriaxone disposition was best fitted by a bicompartmental and a monocompartmental open models with first-order elimination after intravenous and intramuscular and subcutaneous dosing, respectively. After intravenous administration, distribution was fast (t1/2d 0.14 +/- 0.02 h) and moderate as reflected by the volume of distribution (V(d(ss))) of 0.57 +/- 0.22 L/kg. Furthermore, elimination was rapid with a plasma clearance of 0.37 +/- 0.13 L/h.kg and a t1/2 of 1.73 +/- 0.23 h. Peak serum concentration (Cmax), tmax and bioavailability for the intramuscular administration were 54.40 +/- 12.92 microg/mL, 0.33 +/- 0.07 h and 85.72 +/- 14.74%, respectively; and for the subcutaneous route the same parameters were 42.35 +/- 17.62 microg/mL, 1.27 +/- 0.95 h and 118.28 +/- 39.17%. Ceftriaxone MIC for gram-negative bacteria ranged from 0.0039 to >8 microg/mL and for gram-positive bacteria from 0.5 to 4 microg/mL. t > MIC was in the range 83.31-91.66% (10-12 h) of the recommended dosing interval (12 h) for Escherichia coli (MIC90 = 0.2 microg/mL).  相似文献   

Ehrlichia ruminantium variants which do not cause heartwater found in South Africa     

Allsopp MT  Van Strijp MF  Faber E  Josemans AI  Allsopp BA 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,120(1-2):158-166

In 1994 a batch of apparently healthy goats was selected for intended export to the USA from a heartwater-free and vector tick-free region of South Africa. The animals were tested serologically for heartwater, using either or both an IFA and an ELISA test, and 52% were found to be serologically positive. A PCR assay based on Ehrlichia ruminantium 16S gene sequences gave positive results for 54% of the animals, suggesting that apparently non-pathogenic E. ruminantium variants existed in this heartwater-free area. To identify and characterise the agents responsible for the positive serological and PCR results, ticks and animal blood samples were collected from two of the three farms involved in the original survey during two successive seasons of expected peak tick activity. Ticks were kept alive for a minimum of 3 weeks to allow digestion of any blood meal before being processed. Over the two seasons, 28% of the livestock and 15% of the ticks sampled were found to be carrying E. ruminantium. E. ruminantium 16S and pCS20 sequences were detected in all of the four tick species collected from the livestock (Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus evertsi mimeticus, Hyalomma truncatum, Hyalomma marginatum rufipes), suggesting that some of the species may act as vectors. Animals generally carried multiple E. ruminantium 16S genotypes, whereas ticks rarely carried more than one. Infection levels in both animals and ticks were too low to generate a marked response when a blood stabilate was sub-passaged in a clean sheep, preventing the subsequent establishment of any of the organisms in culture.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence and Toxoplasma gondii-IgG avidity in sheep from Lajes, Brazil     

Clementino MM  Souza MF  Andrade Neto VF 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,146(3-4):199-203

Sheep are important domestic animals in the Northeast region of Brazil due to their minimal rearing and maintenance costs, and to their production of both meat and milk. In animals, Toxoplasma gondii infection results in significant reproductive and economic losses. The epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in sheep in the Northeast of Brazil has been little studied; particularly in Rio Grande do Norte State. Sera from 102 sheep intended for consumption in Lajes were subjected to the Toxoplasma-ELISA test to detect anti-T. gondii specific IgG confirming a past infection. Of the total tested, 30 (29.41%) sera were positive for IgG with an increasing number of positive animals with advancing age. We used IgG avidity ELISA in 30 positive samples and observed that 6 (20%) had low avidity antibodies and 24 (80%) had high avidity antibodies. Epidemiological studies are required in order to identify sources of infection for these hosts as well as their impact on animal breeding in the region and risk of transmission to humans.  相似文献   

Bacillus cereus var. toyoi enhanced systemic immune response in piglets   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Schierack P  Wieler LH  Taras D  Herwig V  Tachu B  Hlinak A  Schmidt MF  Scharek L 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,118(1-2):1-11

Probiotic bacteria have been suggested to stimulate the host immune system. In this study we evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of probiotic Bacillus cereus var. toyoi on the systemic immunity of piglets. A pool of 70 piglets was divided into a probiotic or control group. We determined the ratios of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subsets and measured proliferative responses and cytokine production of PBMCs and effects on vaccination responses. Blood samples of probiotic-treated piglets showed a significantly lower frequency of CD8(high)/CD3+ T cells and CD8(low)/CD3+ T cells and a significant higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio. IL-4 and IFN-gamma production of polyclonally stimulated PBMCs was on average higher in the probiotic group. Specific proliferative responses of PBMCs to Influenza vaccination antigens were significantly higher and antibody titers against H3N2 Influenza and Mycoplasma vaccination antigens were on average higher in the probiotic group. In conclusion, B. cereus var. toyoi therefore alters the immune status of piglets as indicated by changes in the ratios as well as functionalities of systemic immune cell populations.  相似文献   

闽浙两省水耕人为土的优势类型及其分布特点研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

陈小梅  姚玉才  麻万诸  章明奎 《土壤通报》2016,(5):1025-1028

调查采样分析了福建和浙江两省92个典型水耕人为土剖面,探讨了两省水耕人为土的优势类型及其分布规律。结果表明,铁聚水耕人为土和简育水耕人为土是主要类型,潜育水耕人为土和铁渗水耕人为土分布相对较少。调查共检出9个水耕人为土亚类,主要属于"普通"、"铁聚"、"漂白"和"底潜"类别的亚类。潜育水耕人为土主要分布在山垅、水网平原和河谷平原;铁渗水耕人为土集中分布在河谷平原和丘陵山地;铁聚水耕人为土主要分布在河谷平原和丘陵山地;简育水耕人为土在丘陵山地分布较多,在水网平原、滨海平原和河谷平原也均有分布。各类水耕人为土的"漂白"亚类则主要分布在丘陵坡地或河谷与丘陵的过渡区域。  相似文献