Cyanide toxicosis in Asian small-clawed otters (Amblonyx cinereus) secondary to ingestion of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica).     

Martha A Weber  Michael Garner 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2002,33(2):145-146

Two Asian small-clawed otters (Amblonyx cinereus) died acutely in their exhibit within a 4-day period. Neither animal had significant gross lesions at necropsy. Histologic findings were consistent with acute vascular shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and a toxic etiology was suspected. The animals' exhibit contained opened, uneaten loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) fruit with the seeds removed and large quantities of undigested loquat seed material in the feces of the remaining animals. Cyanide was detected in the stomach contents collected at necropsy and in fresh loquat seeds from the exhibit. Loquat is related to other cyanide-containing fruit trees, including cherries, peaches, and almonds.  相似文献   

Inclusion body myositis in spring peepers (Pseudacris crucifer).     

James T Raymond  Tim Reichard  Wynona Shellabarger  Robert Nordhausen  Michael M Garner 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2002,14(6):501-503

In 2000, 2 adult captive spring peepers (Pseudacris crucifer) from the same zoological park were humanely euthanized. Histologically, both frogs had degeneration, atrophy, and necrosis of striated myofibers of the tongue admixed with chronic lymphohistiocytic inflammation. One frog had similar lesions in the skeletal muscles of the body wall. Several degenerate and necrotic myofibers contained single, eosinophilic, intranuclear inclusion bodies. Ultrastructural examination of the inclusions revealed nonenveloped, icosahedral, virus-like particles averaging 20-24 nm in diameter. This is the first reported case of inclusion body myositis in frogs and is believed to be due to parvoviral infection.  相似文献   

Causes of mortality in captive Attwater's prairie chickens (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri) at the San Antonio Zoo, 1997-2000.     

Gary D West  Michael M Garner  James T Raymond 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2002,33(3):236-241

Necropsy records for 102 Attwater's prairie chickens (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri) that had been captive-reared and had died at the San Antonio Zoo over a 4-yr period were evaluated to determine the causes of mortality. Gross necropsy, histopathology, and bacterial culture findings are summarized. Mortality was highest in young birds (<6 mo) and embryos. Husbandry- and gastrointestinal-related diseases were the most common causes of mortality.  相似文献   

Improved husbandry to control an outbreak of rainbow trout fry syndrome caused by infection with Flavobacterium psychrophilum     

Bebak JA  Welch TJ  Starliper CE  Baya AM  Garner MM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(1):114-116

CASE DESCRIPTION: A cohort of 35,200, 13-week-old, female rainbow trout at a fish farm was evaluated because of a 2-week history of anorexia and lethargy and a mortality rate of approximately 100 fish/d. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Affected fish were lethargic and thin and had disequilibrium, bilateral exophthalmia, pale red gills and kidneys, red-tinged coelomic fluid, and pale brown livers. Some fish were differentially pigmented bilaterally. The presumptive diagnosis was bacterial or viral septicemia. The definitive diagnosis was rainbow trout fry syndrome caused by infection with Flavobacterium psychrophilum. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: A strategy for controlling the outbreak based on reducing pathogen numbers in affected tanks and reducing pathogen spread among tanks was developed. The option of treating with antimicrobial-medicated feed was discussed with the farmer, but was declined. After changes were made, mortality rate declined quickly, with no more deaths within 10 days after the initial farm visit. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bacterial coldwater disease is the most common manifestation of infection with F psychrophilum in fingerling and adult rainbow trout. However, the organism can also cause rainbow trout fry syndrome. This condition should be included on a list of differential diagnoses for septicemia in hatchery-reared rainbow trout fry.  相似文献   

Demyelinating encephalomyelopathy associated with lead poisoning in nonhuman primates   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

R M Sauer  B C Zook  F M Garner 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,169(950):1091-1093

Lead poisoning was diagnosed in four primates by the finding of toxic amounts of lead in tissues. Abnormalities in the brain and spinal cord were characterized by vascular lesions and demyelination. These findings suggest a new animal model for the study of demyelination and strengthen the supposition that lead may be a factor in some idiopathic demyelinating diseases.  相似文献   

Quantum-confined stark effect in single CdSe nanocrystallite quantum dots     

SA Empedocles  MG Bawendi 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,278(5346):2114-2117

The quantum-confined Stark effect in single cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanocrystallite quantum dots was studied. The electric field dependence of the single-dot spectrum is characterized by a highly polarizable excited state ( approximately 10(5) cubic angstroms, compared to typical molecular values of order 10 to 100 cubic angstroms), in the presence of randomly oriented local electric fields that change over time. These local fields result in spontaneous spectral diffusion and contribute to ensemble inhomogeneous broadening. Stark shifts of the lowest excited state more than two orders of magnitude larger than the linewidth were observed, suggesting the potential use of these dots in electro-optic modulation devices.  相似文献   

The Origin of the Great Bend of the Nile from SIR-C/X-SAR Imagery     

RJ Stern  MG Abdelsalam 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5293):1696-1698

The course of the Nile in northern Sudan follows a contorted path through Precambrian bedrock. Radar imagery shows that basement structures control the river's course in this region. Northward-flowing segments follow Precambrian fabrics, whereas east-west segments follow faults of much younger age. These faults may reflect recent uplift of the Nubian Swell and deflection of the river to the southwest to form the great bend of the Nile.  相似文献   

Dynamic instability in a DNA-segregating prokaryotic actin homolog     

Garner EC  Campbell CS  Mullins RD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5698):1021-1025

Dynamic instability-the switching of a two-state polymer between phases of steady elongation and rapid shortening-is essential to the cellular function of eukaryotic microtubules, especially during chromosome segregation. Since the discovery of dynamic instability 20 years ago, no other biological polymer has been found to exhibit this behavior. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer, we observe that the prokaryotic actin homolog ParM, whose assembly is required for the segregation of large, low-copy number plasmids, displays both dynamic instability and symmetrical, bidirectional polymerization. The dynamic instability of ParM is regulated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis, and filaments are stabilized by a cap of ATP-bound monomers. ParM is not related to tubulin, so its dynamic instability must have arisen by convergent evolution driven by a set of common constraints on polymer-based segregation of DNA.  相似文献   

The Water Dipole Moment in Water Clusters     

JK Gregory  DC Clary  K Liu  MG Brown  RJ Saykally 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,275(5301):814-817

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Comparison of accelerator mass spectrometry with gas chromatography for the determination of pesticide residues in individual items in the diets of wild birds and mammals     

Brown P  Garner C  Glass R  Ridgway C  Hart A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(12):3693-3701

Methods to refine the assessment of exposure of wild birds and mammals to pesticides required measurement of pesticide residues in very small samples of their diets. Sample sizes were in the 1-100 mg range, and the target residue for measurement was 0.01 mg/kg. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with large volume injection was compared with the use of an accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) to measure residues of pesticide labeled at near-background levels with carbon-14. The GC-MS method was able to detect residues down to 0.1 ng per item of diet, and the AMS detected the radiolabel down to 1 mBq (0.06 disintegration per minute, 1 ng of pesticide at the specific activity used) per sample. The target residue level was achieved by the GC-MS method for samples down to 10 mg. The GC method appeared to be best suited to monitoring residues in field studies, and the AMS shows great potential for use in laboratory experiments concerning pesticide degradation.  相似文献