SCAR marker tagged to the alien leaf rust resistance gene Lr19 uniquely marking the Agropyron elongatum-derived gene Lr24 in wheat: a revision   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

K.V. Prabhu    S. K. Gupta    A. Charpe  S. Koul 《Plant Breeding》2004,123(5):417-420

A sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker tagged to an Agropyron elongatum‐derived leaf rust resistance (Lr) gene Lr19 was validated on 18 known alien Lr gener in near‐isogenic lines (NILs) in the variety ‘Thatcher’, along with three wheat cultivers carrying Lr24 and two carrying Lr19. The marker was expressed only in the Lr24 lines confirming that the marker tagged the geneLr24. The monomorphic expression of the SCAR marker in 10NIL pairs for Lr19 and Lr24 revealed that each NIL pair possessed the same gene, Lr24. The donor parents used in the NIL pairs for Lr19 (‘Sunstar*6/C80‐1′) and Lr24 (‘TR380‐14*7/3Ag#14′) amplified the same fragment. Nonsegregation for leaf rust in the F₂ population of the cross between the above donor parents confirmed the presence of the same gene in the two parents. Apparently, a genuine parent stock of ‘Sunstar*6/C80‐1’ was not involved in the development of the NIL pairs for Lr19 due to an improper maintence bredding protocol either at source or destination which went undetected in the absence of signs of virulence for either gene in the region.  相似文献   

Winter × spring wheat hybridization - a promising avenue for yield enhancement     

L. Kant    V. P. Mani  H. S. Gupta 《Plant Breeding》2001,120(3):255-258

Introgression of the winter gene pool into spring wheat is being considered as one of the strategies to break through the yield plateau. However, little information is available on the combining ability of these two important but distinct groups of wheats in Indian conditions. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the combining ability and gene action of yield and yield attributes in winter × spring wheat crosses. Seventy F₁ progenies developed by 14 winter and five spring wheat lines using a line × tester design were evaluated, along with their parents, for yield and yield attributes in a randomized complete block design under field conditions. The mean squares for all the characters studied showed highly significant differences. The mean squares due to female × male interactions were significant for all the characters studied except for grains per ear and grain weight per ear. Additive genetic effects were found to play a key role in controlling the expression of days to heading, plant height and spikelets per ear.‘MV 19’ and ‘Stepniak’/‘Karvuna’ among winter and ‘PBW 65’ among spring wheats were good general combiners for most of the yield attributes studied. The estimates for specific combining ability effects suggested that, although general combining ability (GCA) effects of most winter wheats are either average or poor, their combination can give desirable genotypes with spring wheat parents possessing a high GCA.  相似文献   

Populations of predatory protozoa in field soils after 5 years of elemental s fertilizer application     

V.V.S.R. Gupta  J.J. Germida 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1988,20(6):787-791

The effect of 5 yr of repeated application of elemental S (S°) fertilizer on predatory protozoa in soil was investigated. Protozoa that feed on the bacteria Arthrobacter globiformis and Enterobacter aerogenes or the fungi Fusarium solani and Neurospora crassa were enumerated by most probable number (MPN) methods. The application of S° fertilizer reduced the microbial biomass and its activity in soil. Soils treated with 44kg S° ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ for 5 yr exhibited a 30–71% decline in MPN of protozoa feeding on bacteria and more than a 84% decline in the population of mycophagous amoebae. This decline in protozoa populations parallelled changes in microbial biomass, especially in the case of mycophagous amoebae and fungal biomass. The adverse effect of repeated S° applications on microbial biomass and predatory protozoa was long lasting. Since nutrient transformations (e.g. mineralization) in soil are influenced by microbial interactions, our results suggest reduced nutrient turnover via microbial predation in S° treated soils.  相似文献   

Toxicity (EC50) comparisons of some animal wastes     

Gian Gupta  Peter Kelly 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1990,53(1-2):113-117

Toxicity of various animal wastes, after mixing with deionized water, for 1 and 24 hr, was measured using Photobacterium phosphoreum. The EC₅₀ values determined by the ‘microtox’ toxicity test showed that the aqueous extracts of all animal wastes were toxic and the toxicity increased in the order: cattle, horse, sheep, pig and poultry. The observed toxicity was found not to be influenced by the amount of kjeldahl-N, NO₃ or NH₄ present in the waste-extract.  相似文献   

Removal of chrome dye from aqueous solutions by fly ash     

G. S. Gupta  G. Prasad  K. K. Panday  V. N. Singh 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1988,37(1-2):13-24

The ability of fly ash to remove Omega Chrome Red ME (a chrome dye, mostly used in textile industries) from water has been studied. It has been found that low adsorbate concentration, small particle size of adsorbent, low temperature, and acidic pH of the medium favor the removal of chrome dye from aqueous solutions. The dynamics of adsorbate transport from bulk to the solid phase has been studied at different temperatures in light of the adsorption of dye on the outer surface as well as diffusion within the pores of fly ash. The applicability of Langmuir isotherm suggests the formation of monolayer coverage of dye molecules on the outer interface of adsorbent. The thermodynamics of chrome dye-fly ash system indicates spontaneous and exothermic nature of the process. The pronounced removal of chrome dye in the acidic range may be due to the association of dye anions with the positively charged surface of the adsorbent.  相似文献   

Genetic resource enhancement by isolation of diversegenotypes from seed progeny in predominantly sterile rose scentedgeranium Pelargonium graveolens     

Ritika Gupta  K.P. Sastry  S. Banerjee  G.R. Mallavarapu  Sushil Kumar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(6):629-636

Four new accessions (BSP1-4) of rose scentedgeranium Pelargonium graveolens were derivedfrom the spontaneous half-sib seed progeny of mostly sterilepopulations of the cultivar accession Bipuli. The seed producingplants of Bipuli had been growing among the populations of cultivaraccessions Hemanti and Kunti in the temperate agroclimate ofKodaikanal, Tamilnadu in India. The four new accessions were comparedwith the cultivar accessions Bipuli, Hemanti and Kunti in fieldexperiments under subtropical agroclimate of Lucknow, Uttar Pradeshfor essential oil yield and quality related traits and in terms oftheir RAPD profiles. The crop yield and essential oil parameters andDNA profiles of the four new accessions and three cultivar accessionsallowed the conclusion that the accessions BSP-1, BSP-2 andBSP-3 were Bipuli × Kunti hybrids and BSP-4was a Bipuli × Hemanti hybrid. The accession BSP-4demonstrated hybrid vigour in several of the essential oil yieldrelated traits; on average basis it out yielded other accessions by afactor of about 2.4. The essential oil of BSP-4 had 89%rhodinol content in which citronellol to geraniol ratio was 1:1 andthe contents of isomenthone, menthone, 10-epi--eudesmol, 6,9-guaiadiene, decanoic acid andisodecanoic acid were relatively lower than in the oils of accessionsBipuli and/or Hemanti. The present study has shown a way for thegeneration of new genotypes in rose scented geranium in which thecultivars have been vegetatively maintained for decades and thegenetic resources are scanty.  相似文献   

High frequency plantlet regeneration from nodal segment culture of female <Emphasis Type="Italic">Momordica dioica</Emphasis> (Roxb.)     

Mahipal S. Shekhawat  Narpat S. Shekhawat  Harish  Kheta Ram  Mahendra Phulwaria  Amit Kumar Gupta 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(2):133-137

An in vitro propagation method for female plants of Momordica dioica (Roxb.) has been established. The nodal segments were harvested and the cut ends of the explants were sealed with wax and then surface sterilized and cultured. Bud breaking occurred on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) agar-gelled medium + 2.0 mg L⁻¹ 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0.1 mg L⁻¹ Indole-3 acetic acid (IAA). The cultures were amplified by passages on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L⁻¹ BAP + 0.1 mg L⁻¹ IAA. Further, shoot amplification (29.2 shoots per vessel) was achieved by subculturing of in vitro regenerated shoot clump on MS medium + 0.5 mg L⁻¹ BAP + 0.1 mg L⁻¹ IAA. The micropropagated shoots were subsequently transferred for root formation on half-strength MS medium + 2.0 mg L⁻¹ Indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) with 89% success rate. The in vitro-regenerated shoots were also rooted ex vitro with 34% success. These plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse and transferred to the field. The established protocol is suitable for true to type cloning of mature female plant of M. dioica.  相似文献   

The deadly latur earthquake     

Gupta HK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,262(5140):1666-1667

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A G protein mutant that inhibits thrombin and purinergic receptor activation of phospholipase A2   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

S K Gupta  E Diez  L E Heasley  S Osawa  G L Johnson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,249(4969):662-666

The stimulation of phospholipase A2 by thrombin and type 2 (P2)-purinergic receptor agonists in Chinese hamster ovary cells is mediated by the G protein Gi. To delineate alpha chain regulatory regions responsible for control of phospholipase A2, chimeric cDNAs were constructed in which different lengths of the alpha subunit of Gs (alpha s) were replaced with the corresponding sequence of the Gi alpha subunit (alpha i2). When a carboxyl-terminal chimera alpha s-i(38), which has the last 38 amino acids of alpha s substituted with the last 36 residues of alpha i2, was expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, the receptor-stimulated phospholipase A2 activity was inhibited, although the chimera could still activate adenylyl cyclase. Thus, alpha s-i(38) is an active alpha s, but also a dominant negative alpha i molecule, indicating that the last 36 amino acids of alpha i2 are a critical domain for G protein regulation of phospholipase A2 activity.  相似文献   

Scale for the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics     

Gupta S  Luo X  Mohanty B  Ritter HG  Xu N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6037):1525-1528

Matter described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions, may undergo phase transitions when its temperature and the chemical potentials are varied. QCD at finite temperature is studied in the laboratory by colliding heavy ions at varying beam energies. We present a test of QCD in the nonperturbative domain through a comparison of thermodynamic fluctuations predicted in lattice computations with the experimental data of baryon number distributions in high-energy heavy ion collisions. This study provides evidence for thermalization in these collisions and allows us to find the crossover temperature between normal nuclear matter and a deconfined phase called the quark gluon plasma. This value allows us to set a scale for the phase diagram of QCD.  相似文献